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AMHERST 
GRADUATES' QUARTERLY 



VOLUME I 

October, 1911 to June, 1912 



PUBLISHED BY THE GRADUATES OF 
AMHERST COLLEGE 



THE AMHERST 

GRADUATES' QUARTERLY 

Vol. I.— OCTOBER, 1911.— No. 1 



THE COLLEGE WINDOW.— EDITORIAL NOTES 

AT this launching of The Amherst Graduates' Quarterly 
/\ it seems fitting, first of all, to remark that we do not 
-^ -*- deem it good policy or good taste to say much about our- 
selves. One or two remarks, however, on this unpleasant sub- 

„ r» 1 J^*^^ must needs be made, if only by way 

i5etw6en uursBives „ , , ,. *ijii i 

oi mutual understanding. At the head 

of a periodical enterprise like this there is popularly supposed to be 
an abstraction called the Editor, who has somehow so distributed 
his ego as to say "we" and "our," meaning something vaguely 
impersonal, for which no one with surname and Christian name 
can be brought to book. Now our desire is that throughout our 
journey together, however long or short, the "we" shall not be a 
mere editorial abstraction, but shall mean accurately we, and the 
venture be felt by every graduate as literally our venture. It is 
not conceived as a thing gotten up by one person or party for the 
benefit — or instruction — of another. In this respect it is unlike 
the periodical publications that come to us as our daily reading. 
The little mark of apostrophe in the title is literally true. This 
Graduates' Quarterly belongs to us. It is all in the family. 
Its success depends not on the number of subscriptions nor on 
the cleverness of a group of persons concerned in publishing it, 
but most of all on the spirit of hearty co-operation that informs 
and supports it. To say so much about ourselves is not self- 
exhibition. It means mutual duties, mutual good-will, nuitual and 
common interest. 






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2 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

We are all concerned, in other words, in having a magazine 
which shall be broadly representative of Amherst College, — not 
only of its current life, as this is lived from day to day, but of its 
deei)er and maturer life, as this is reflected in the goodly body of 
alumni who bear its influence into later years. Amherst lays a 
power upon the student of which he is only partially aware until 
it has become a memory. Then the old friendships, scholarly 
pursuits, activities, return upon him with strangely augmented 
value, and the continued welfare and progress of the institution 
with which he has been so intimately identified becomes one of 
the great interests of his life. But Amherst has a past, too, — a 
list of men and ideals of which he is proud; and a future, prophe- 
sied in her growth, her developing purpose, her response to the 
movements of the time. It is becoming more truly the place 
where his sons after him, and the sons of his friends, may, with 
assured confidence, find their cultural home. All these things 
we, as graduates, are concerned to keep in mind. It is ours to 
promote and defend her interests, that, as new and larger occa- 
sions rise, neither she nor we shall fall behind in the high objects 
for which she stands. 

We all have a more or less vague dream of what our projected 
publication ought to be, and our dreams differ. How to make the 
dream come true, to convert the ideal into the actual, is our 
problem. The thing is harder in Amherst, I imagine, because it 
has remained so long untried. Our ninety-y ears-old college has 
never been much given to self -exploitation. Absorbed in its essen- 
tial work of teaching and forming character, it has lived rather 
in the spirit of the worthy old Vicar of Wakefield: "I was ever of 
oi)inion that the honest man, who married and brought up a large 
family, did more service than he who continued single, and only 
talked of population." To talk of population is the easier alterna- 
tive, and talk is a good deal more audible than steady and con- 
sistent work; and Amherst has never cared to choose the easier 
or the louder way. This, of course, is good and honorable, as far 
as it goes. While the world of normal schools, universities, and 
lecture-halls, has been echoing with talk about Education (with a 
big E) and pedagogical methods and triumphant Culture (as con- 
templated mostly from outside), it is no reproach to have been 



EDITORIAL NOTES 3 

quietly educating, and letting the results show for themselves. 
But new conditions bring new duties. The very revcrl)eration of 
educational theories and criticisms all round us is bringing the 
whole matter of college education into court, and bidding it give 
account of itself. Amherst cannot well evade her ])art in this 
duty, if only for her own sake. To draw up our educational 
ideals from their slumber in our inner consciousness, and put them 
into expression, not only defines our terms, it creates and co-or- 
dinates them. To strike the line to which we would hew is an 
essential part of our creative work in the world and in society. 

In all this, it will be remembered, we are talking with each 
other. We. are taking brief occasion, all in the family, to speak 
about ourselves: if we are overheard, that is the listener's affair. 
What we have at heart, as the consensus of our various dreams, is 
to represent by this Amherst Graduates' Quarterly the essen- 
tial meaning; the real inwardness, of Amherst; and this not so 
much by laboriously defining it, as if we were not yet sure of our- 
selves, as by taking it for granted and living up to it. 



WHEN a student comes to the Dean with a grievance, 
or desires that in some way the rules of the College 
may be accommodated in his favor, there is handed 
him a pad and pencil, with the courteous yet firm request to 

" Put if in Writind " "P^^^ ^^ "^ writing." This is no dictate 

oi tyranny; nor is it a device by which 
the College takes care to maintain the whip hand, as against the 
conviction or interest of the student. It is for his sake. It makes 
him think soberly of what he wants, hints to him to look before 
he leaps. It is a plea for second thoughts, ripened and revised 
thoughts. The result is as likely to confirm as to suppress the 
original desire, and, if attained, it is with added reasonableness 
and value. But, again, many a hasty sense of wrong, many a heed- 
less whim, many an unconsidered craving for what would really 
be hurtful, is somehow absorbed by that prosaic pencil; and not 
infrequently the pad is left blank as it was handed to him, and 
the student goes away contenting himself with things as they are. 



4 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

Which things are a parable. We have been speaking of that 
real inwardness of Amherst of which our Quarterly would aim 
to be representative. Wherein does this reside? In the large 
wisdom of the trustees? in the system of administration? in the 
efficiency of the Faculty? in the tone and spirit of the student 
body? in the fellowship of fraternities and classes? in the whole- 
some atmosphere which pervades the college hill? Yes, it is 
Protean: it resides in all these; and in none. You find some- 
thing of it in each, and yet trace it to any one centre, put your 
hand upon it, saying, "Lo here!" and it changes shape, as the old 
fable said of its prototype. Real as it is, more real than any of 
its manifestations, it defies any narrow or exclusive definition. 
The alumni carry it with them when they are graduated, an in- 
fluence to be developed as they bring it into touch with real issues. 
It is spread out into the world, so that Amherst men, when they 
meet each other, however far away, can bear weight and trust 
upon it. And yet they have left it here on the ground, too. They 
find the growth and fruitage of it when they come back for re- 
union. And the thought with which many of the old graduates 
renew their touch with the College is, "If only this could be put 
into writing, how much more real and lasting it would make all 
that Amherst has meant and still means to us!" 

To put the inwardness of Amherst into writing is not the same 
as to make a census of the details of its outwardness; though it 
includes this. If it were merely a matter of chronicling the events 
of the year or the quarter, the things that strike the sight and 
make a show, why, the newspapers do that as soon as the 
athletic or social event takes place, and it is the talk of its day, 
suited to those who imagine that college life is lived by the day. 
If it were merely a matter of administration — things passed by 
vote of trustees or Faculty — or of student sentiment and custom, 
such things as come to the surface through the recommendations 
of Scarab, or by mass meetings and student editorials, these, too, 
are well provided for in college publications and form their 
worthy part of college life. Nor can any of these be ignored or 
slighted in a publication such as we here contemplate. They 
find their i)lace here, they belong to the true inwardness, by reason 
of the impulse which has brought them to expression and of the 
permanent mark they leave upon the College. 



EDITORIAL NOTES 5 

But all these shifting features of the current college life demand 
their proper rank in the balance and proportion of things. The 
waves are not the ocean: the proportion that the agitation caused 
by the winds of sentiment bears to the vast tidal sweep underneath 
must be wisely observed and estimated. We have had recent 
telling examples of this. Two or three years ago it was discovered 
in one of our leading colleges that matters were in danger of 
getting out of true; the side-shows, it was said, were swallowing 
up the circus, the tail was wagging the dog. What should the col- 
leges do about it.!^ was asked. The warning was not the snarl of 
a sour pessimism ending with a negative, but a healthy move- 
ment toward a more wholesome and balanced ideal. During the 
past year another phase of the matter has been before us, and this 
time nearer home, — a discussion set in motion by our Class of 1885 
of the function that Amherst and colleges like her properly have 
in the world of universities and schools; and we have all felt that 
it was a discussion eminently timely and constructive. And the 
good that is bound to come from it will make in its time and way 
for the juster poise and balance of the inner ideal that is already 
there, waiting for its fit expression. 

From the trenchant and vigorous ways in which movements 
like these are exploited by the newspapers let us not jump to the 
conclusion that the newspapers are the originators of them. 
Such agitation of educational problems is no part of a stand-and- 
deliver public scheme. Journalism has indeed rallied eagerly 
to the discussion, furnishing much and wise aid; for there are 
loyal college men there, who can think and plan in the college 
idiom. But the thing to be noted of these movements is that they 
come not from without, but from within, — from college presidents 
and faculties and alumni, who have the educational ideal immedi- 
ately at heart and move in its presence. It is in fact a co-operative 
matter, in which graduates in their various lines of activity still 
cherish the honor and efficiency of their college. They are indeed 
men of the world, but students still, shoulder to shoulder with 
their undergraduate sons, going on to develop more fully the 
educational values which they had only begun to realize in college 
days. Here is a support in which we can take courage and 
strength. The inwardness of Amherst is the resultant of its various 



G AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

activities; but, more, it is the central core of its large purpose and 
character. We are all concerned, those who have gone out from 
us as well as those their sons who are on college hill, to define the 
terms of our truest well-being and "put them in writing." 



GOING back to the earliest college days, in a periodical 
devoted to current affairs, might seem to savor of 
Diedrich Knickerbocker, — who starts his humorous His- 
tory of New York at the creation of the world, — if a contempo- 
. -, ^ , rary tribute to very young Amherst 

r, ^. . ^ had not come to light from long burial 

Beginning . . ^ • ^ t t, 

m a private manuscript. In the re- 
cently published Journals of Ralph Waldo Emerson occurs an 
account of a visit to Amherst in 1823, when the college was two 
years old, and Emerson, a young man of twenty, was just grad- 
uated at Harvard. It occurred in the course of a tour, mostly 
pedestrian, which he took through all this region. 

"In the afternoon," he writes, "I went to the College. The 
infant college is an infant Hercules. Never was so much striving, 
outstretching, and advancing in a literary cause as is exhibited 
here. The students all feel a personal responsibility in the sup- 
port and defence of their young Alma Mater against all antago- 
nists, and as long as this battle abroad shall continue, the 
Government, unlike all other Governments, will not be compelled 
to fight with its students within. 

"The opposition of other towns and counties produces, more- 
over, a correspondent friendship and kindness from the people in 
Amherst, and there is a daily exhibition of affectionate feeling be- 
tween the inhabitants and the scholars, which is the more pleasant 
as it is so uncommon. They attended the Declamation and Com- 
mencement with the interest which parents usually shew at the 
exhibitions of schools where their own children are engaged. I 
believe the affair was first moved about three years ago, by the 
Trustees of the Academy. When the corner-stone of the South 
College was laid, the institution did not own a dollar. A cart- 
load of stones was brought by a farmer in Pelham, to begin the 
foundation; and now they have two large brick edifices, a Presi- 



EDITORIAL NOTES 7 

dent's house, and considerable funds. Dr. Moore has left them 
six or seven thousand dollars. A poor one-legged man died last 
week in Pelham, who was not known to have any property, and 
left them four thousand dollars to be appropriated to the build- 
ing of a chapel, over whose door is to be inscribed his name, 
Adams Johnson. William Phillips gave a thousand, and William 
Eustis a hundred dollars, and great expectations are entertained 
from some rich men, friends to the Seminary, who will die without 
children. 

"They have wisely systematized this spirit of opposition, which 
they have found so lucrative, and the students are all divided 
into thriving opposition societies, which gather libraries, labora- 
tories, mineral cabinets, etc., with an indefatigable spirit, which 
nothing but rivalry could inspire. Upon this impulse, they write, 
speak, and study in a sort of fury, which, I think, promises a 
harvest of attainments. The Commencement was plainly that 
of a young college, but had strength and eloquence, mixed with the 
apparent 'vestigia ruris,' and the scholar who gained the prize 
for declamation, the evening before, would have a first prize at 
any Cambridge competition. The College is supposed to be worth 
net eighty -five thousand dollars." 

It would be ungracious, as we enter the last decade of our cen- 
tury, with college life so changed, yet at heart no less loyal and 
earnest, to contemn that cart-load of stones from Pelham and the 
one-legged man whose name still appears on the wall of our 
Johnson chapel. The vestigia ruris are not so apparent now; 
but the obliteration of them is not a necessary sign of greater 
honor or power. Even in our honored neighbor at the north end 
of the village they appear only as the husky country vigor which 
we may well seek to infuse into our own work. Respice finem, 
the Latin adage runs, and it surely is our wisdom, but it will not 
do to think scorn of its complement, respice iniiium, the less so as 
our beginnings acquired so speedy a momentum toward noblest 
and manliest ideals. 

Another phase of our beginnings there is, even more sacred 
and inspiring, which merits the respect due not to college history, 
but to individual experience in whatever college generation. It 



8 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

was memorialized at the Commencement dinner by our alumnus 
Daniel F. Kellogg, a graduate of twenty-five years' standing. 
"Before I say what I have to say here to-day," were his words, 
"I want to speak just one word of those who in the old days when 
we were in Amherst remained at home, and whose unselfish affec- 
tion and devotion made all these college days possible. I sup- 
pose that in later times conditions have somewhat changed; but 
in former years the larger number of people who sent their sons 
to Amherst were not rich people, and many of them were poor. 
The education of their children was wrung out of their own toil 
and hardship, as in the old story of mythology the sunlight drew 
music from the stony lips of Memnon. A father who wore his 
old clothes and denied himself books and comforts in his declining 
years, and a mother who did her own work and slaved and starved 
herself and her family that her boy might go to college, — these are 
among the memories that quicken here to-day in many a heart. 
Out of the past their faces shine upon us to-day, radiant with the 
solemn joy of love and self-sacrifice, and cast upon this hour of 
recollection and anniversary a benediction sacred and sublime." 



COMMENCEMENT naturally brings the reminiscent mood, 
and in each recurring year it takes some new form. 
To us here on the ground it never becomes an old story. 
A new company of old-time friends come back to greet us each 
The Meeting of the Commencement week, now no longer 
«; irresponsible school-boys, but with the 

marks of ripened age and fruitful ex- 
perience in their faces. As we take their hands and inquire 
how they have fared and what they have done, we are con- 
scious that they have grown old along with us ; but to the first 
touch of strangeness immediately succeeds the old-time buoy- 
ancy and vitality of spirit, care-free as ever for the moment, yet 
mellowed and deepened into abiding courage and hope, as with 
that hand-clasp we are stimulated anew to the feeling that 

"The best is yet to be, 
The last of life for which the first was made." 

It is a reunion on new terms, no thought invading that it is the 
meeting of taskmaster and reluctant pupil, but of colleagues in 



EDITORIAL NOTES 9 

a common cause, each party contributing its share of wisdom 
and cheer for the larger enterprise that still lies before us. It 
is, indeed, the meeting of the ways, — the junction of the older 
Amherst and the new. 

The Commencement of this year was, to an unusual degree, 
of a memorial nature. A pensive tribute was due to some who 
have filled large places in the history and well-being of Amherst, 
and have gone from us. A quotation from President Harris's 
Easter sermon may here put into words the sense of bereave- 
ment which has weighed upon us. "Within a few weeks," he 
said, "three persons, belonging for more than fifty years to this 
college circle, have passed from our sight, and it is unthinkable 
almost that the life is not going on. Doctor Hitchcock, a great, 
sagacious, kind, sympathetic soul, a friend of God, a friend of 
men, — God has not lost him. Having fought the good fight, fin- 
ished the course, kept the faith, henceforth there is laid up for 
him the crown of righteousness. Professor Crowell, a scholar, a 
man alive to the great social, political, and religious movements 
of the times, groping in darkness with the loss of physical sight, 
yet illuminated by the inner light of wisdom and wit, — do we 
not knoiv that he is now in the freedom of the light, that he has 
emerged into the perfect day.'' And one, a woman of rare 
grace and gentleness, Mrs. Stearns, wife of President Stearns. 
She came to Amherst in 1854, — fifty-six years ago, — and lived 
here ever since, her life prolonged to near a hundred years. 
She did not seem old. She was keenly interested in all good 
things. On one of her birthdays she talked not of her great 
age nor of nearness to the other w^orld, but read us a letter 
just received from a missionary in Japan about the wonderful 
progress there. She glided away, a serene, lovely spirit, into the 
spirit home. In "The Pilgrim's Progress" we read that a letter 
came to Christiana, who had long survived her husband: " 'Hail, 
good woman! I bring thee tidings that the Master calleth for 
thee, and expecteth that thou shouldest stand in his presence 
in clothes of immortality within these ten days.' The token with 
the letter was an arrow sharpened with love, let easily into her 
heart, which by degrees wrought so effectually with her that at 
the time appointed she must be gone. ... At her departure the 



10 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

children wept. But Mr. Greatheart and Mr. Valiant played upon 
the well-tuned cymbal and harp for joy." 

In such memorials as these — and Amherst is rich in them — 
the note of hope and joy prevails over the note of memory; for 
they are landmarks of the meeting of the ways. Pointing to work 
well and bravely done, they guide also to permanent values, and 
stand an enduring stimulus to them. This was the thought in 
Professor Tyler's mind when, at the private funeral service of Dr. 
Hitchcock, he, too, had recourse to "The Pilgrim's Progress," citing 
the parting words of Mr. Valiant-f or-Truth : "My sword I give to 
him that shall succeed me in my pilgrimage, and my courage and 
skill to him that can get it." And the same thought prompted 
that one of the reunion classes at Commencement which still 
raised the familiar cry, "Who is Old Doc?" There was no past 
tense in the matter, no cessation of the sense of uplifting power. 
That sanity of life and insight for which Old Doc and many an- 
other have wrought, that impulse to see straight and far and 
through, are with us still, their heritage to us. The things they 
taught, the subjects and departments they represented, are pass- 
ing into other phases : new personalities are at work among these 
things, moulding them into new forms; but the spirit that was 
in these men, the most vital thing in the world, is mighty yet, 
both here and in the whole graduate body. 

In a still more special sense the past year has brought us to 
feel, those of us who have eyes to see, that we are educationally 
at the meeting of the ways. A far-reaching proposal from one of 
our most loyal classes has been before us; has, by the discussion 
evoked from end to end of the land, brought Amherst and her 
ideals into the i)ublic eye. This is not the place to enlarge on 
the '85 memorial, nor on the deep and probing thought that 
has been given to it, nor on the wise and eminently construc- 
tive answer from the trustees. The memorial was neither in- 
tended nor received as a thing revolutionary or innovating; 
nor was it an endeavor to correct an ill tendency. Its ultimate 
meaning is far larger. The whole world of liberal education, in 
fact, is in a wholesome unrest. As is the case in all departments 
of life, men are engaged in a revaluation of educational and cul- 



EDITORIAL NOTES 11 

tural ideals; and this is the preHminary form in which the vast 
movement impinges upon Amherst and colleges like ours. It is 
a matter not of ])ride, but of sober humble duty, if Amherst takes 
a leading part in responding to the large movement; for its re- 
sponse is simply the fearless committal to the highest values of 
learning and cvdture, as these rise in vision before us. And so we 
stand not at the parting, but the meeting of the ways, the har- 
monious junction of the old and the new. 

Briefly to say, we, the colleges of our land, are coming in for 
our share of the keen investigation, criticism, not to omit the muck- 
raking, which is invading every department of thought and activ- 
ity. To say that politics, business, industry, society, religion, 
are compelled to undergo sharp searching and sifting is to say 
that they are living issues worth fighting and defending; and 
education may well rejoice to share with the rest in such a war- 
fare. Justly or unjustly, we must meet this wide-spread im- 
pulse toward the revaluation of our educational methods and 
ideals. Our confidence is in this, — that we know the situation 
better, and have its improvement more at heart, than an un- 
sympathetic outsider can. And our recourse is not to deny or 
apologize, not even to defend ourselves, except by the steadfast, 
wholesome way of "making good," or rather making better, as 
the real needs of the case warrant. 



12 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

THE ENTERPRISE OF LEARNING 

FREDERICK J. E. WOODBRIDGE 

"T CANNOT but be raised to this persuasion, that this third 
I period of time will far surpass that of the Greek and Roman 
learning: only if men will know their own strength, and their 
own weakness both; and take, one from the other, light of invention, 
and not fire of contradiction; and esteem of the inquisition of 
truth as of an enterprise, and not as of a quality or ornament." * 
The words have the marks of age upon them, but three centuries 
have not weakened their power to provoke reflection. Is learning 
an enterprise or an ornament? Are schools busy in advancing 
it or in conserving a quality? Questions like these carry us at 
once into the thick of educational problems. Yet such questions 
are not apt to be profitably answered unless they are asked with 
some lively appreciation of the function and significance of intelli- 
gence in human life. For there is the life of reason and there 
is the life of instinct and emotion. To consult the former with 
eyes too much fascinated by the allurements of the latter is to 
turn the pursuit of learning into a discipline in irrationality; 
to make it fortify a prejudice instead of illuminate an action, or 
support an hypothesis instead of clarify an ideal. 

Since we have intelligence not that we may act or be happy, 
but that our acts may be intelligent and our happiness rational, 
to pursue learning as a motive to action or as a means to happi- 
ness is unreasonable. Consequently, the contention that educa- 
tion should equip the young for life, or for service, or for citizen- 
shi]), or that it should develop character, or make men of them, or 
promote their efficiency, — a contention sound enough certainly 
when uttered without context, — should be viewed with caution. 
Education's basal function is to make men wise, to promote their 
intelligence. It is an enterprise. It is not a quality or an orna- 
ment. It is not one of the aids of living generally, but a disci- 
pline in a ])articular kind of life. Character, manhood, efficiency, 
culture, able citizenship, sound bodies, — all these excellences 

* Francis Bacon. The Advancement of Learning, Clarendon Press Edition, p. 252, 



THE ENTERPRISE OF LEARNING 13 

education undoubtedly supports, but it supports them, as philos- 
ophers say, not essentially, but accidentally. They are its by- 
products. They may be the things ultimately esteemed as worth 
while, like the farmer's price for his wheat. The principles of 
finance are not, however, the principles of agriculture. The farmer 
must cultivate his field if the crop is to be of value. So youth 
must cultivate the mind if the market for intelligent manhood is 
to be supplied. 

All this is, perhaps, elementary and obvious. Yet it is infre- 
quently practised with conviction and enthusiasm. Our institu- 
tions of learning rarely have an eye single to their proper func- 
tion. I do not speak of the students particularly, because it is 
to be expected that youth should be irrational. A college of boys 
who knew not the enticements of sport and society, and were de- 
void of any other interest than the curriculum, would not be a 
healthy place whither to send other boys. But the great interest 
of boys in these things puts no obligation upon the college to be 
interested in them greatly. Yet we hear fully as much about 
student interests as we do about study, and often more. We are 
told that young men may be educated on the campus as well as 
in the class-room; for was not Waterloo won, on good authority, on 
the fields of Eton and Rugby .f* The college paper should be rec- 
ognized as a course in rhetoric; for does it not teach students to 
WTite? Youth gets much more than knowledge out of a college 
course; then why should instructors hold themselves aloof from 
that much more, or insist that proficiency in learning should form 
the sole basis for the reward of degrees? Let the student attain 
a fair percentage; for is not character better than marks.'' Yes, 
character is far better than marks, but not in a college, just as it 
is far better than the ability to sw4m, but not w^hen you are in 
the w^ater. 

It is, however, principally upon the Faculty that the burdens of 
esteeming the inquisition of truth as other than the primary en- 
terprise of their existence fall. Their leisure is precious, but, 
instead of devoting a part of it sacredly to the pursuit of learning, 
they are often compelled to devote the whole of it to irrational 
undertakings, to the machinery of administering a complex of 
activities, or to the supervision and promotion of student interests. 
The ablest of them are too frequently tired men whose sole con- 



14 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

solation is that of duty faithfully done, but who seldom taste 
the sweets of the mind. Their subtle temptation is to believe 
that they have done well if their students turn out to be fellows 
of character and call them friends, even if they themselves have 
long neglected the enterprise of learning. And the devoted teacher 
has much popular support in his intellectual inadequacies. 

Now these things are mentioned here not for the purpose of 
bringing again an oft-repeated arraignment against our colleges, 
or to subject them to abuse or carping criticism. For, abuse them 
as we like, they are the saving iiistitutions of society. They are 
abundantly worth while as they are. Yet, like Bacon, we would 
be raised to a persuasion. Having gone to school to Greek and 
Roman learning for centuries, we should like to surpass it by far, 
excelling its products, which we have often done, and rivalling 
its spirit, which we have never done. We should like to see in 
the college the home of ideas, the abode of the intellectual life, 
the place where youth is stimulated to grasp the world as a man 
should who is possessed not only of a moral, a social, a political, 
a religious nature, but also and emphatically of a mind. We 
should like to see it pursuing knowledge, not with the purpose 
of incidentally imparting sound information about history, lit- 
erature, and the progress of science and philosophy, but for the 
purpose of turning such information into a powerful stimulus 
to intellectual conquests and creative activity. We should like 
to see it promoting the life of reason as over against the life of 
instinct and emotion, or, more adequately expressed, devoted to 
bringing the life of instinct and emotion within the illuminating 
sphere of the life of reason, making young people essentially intel- 
ligent and accidentally good, so that there may be a fair chance 
that their goodness will be rational goodness and not merely 
instinctive and emotional goodness. 

The way in which such a result may be forwarded and sus- 
tained is obvious. The college should give its attention resolutely 
and passionately to the things of the mind. As a college, it should 
be unconscious of athletics, society, and "student interests," but 
intensely conscious of the needs of the intellectual life. No; 
it is not because the way is obscure that it is difficult to trans- 
form our colleges into genuine institutions of learning; it is the 
lack of the desire to do so, and it is the lack of faith in the desir- 



THE ENTERPRISE OF LEARNING 15 

ability of doing so. There are a great many people who do not 
want the college to be a place where the inquisition of truth is 
an enterprise. They prefer that it should be a place where learn- 
ing is made an ornament or a quality, where the young are pre- 
pared for the life of convention or success, and not disciplined in 
the life of reason. There are, too, a great many jjeople who do 
not believe that it is desirable to treat college students as if they 
were principally and fundamentally minds. They are afraid of 
such treatment, — afraid that it will lead to disaster, corrupt the 
morals of the young, and destroy their religion. It is the number 
and influence of such people which constitute the difficulties. 
Now these people have a right to be heard and a right to make 
and support institutions which are not institutions of learning. 
That right is not here denied or questioned. It is, once more, 
with a persuasion that this paper deals, a persuasion to which 
its author has been raised by the study of history and philosophy, 
— the persuasion that the only genuine progress is rational prog- 
ress, and that consequently the inquisition of truth should be 
esteemed as an enterprise, the loftiest and most characteristic 
in which rational beings can be engaged. He frankly believes 
in the intellectual life as a better life for man than any other. 
He holds to the conviction that it is far more important to make 
young people intelligent, rationally alert and inquisitive, blest 
with a buoyant and trained imagination, than it is to make them 
efficient or to make them good; for he has learned that without 
discipline in rationality they may be made industrious and trust- 
worthy animals, but wholly lack those intimations which impel 
men onward with the vision of their existence progressively en- 
larged, transformed, and beautified. He is assured that the world 
suffers more from ignorance and folly than it does from vice and 
crime. He is persuaded that just in the measure in which we 
succeed in bringing our desires and emotions, our instincts and 
impulses, the fundamentally irrational springs of all our actions, 
up into the light of reflective and prospective intelligence, — in that 
measure we succeed in progressively making this world a better 
place in which to live. 

The persuasion of Francis Bacon was uttered with a fine 
enthusiasm. Conceiving of the inquisition of truth as of 
an enterprise, the characteristically human adventure to be 



16 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

undertaken in the spirit of discovery and conquest, he had one 
of the world's great visions of human society transformed through 
science, industry, and the arts from a life of undisciplined passion 
into a life of disciplined and progressive happiness. Greater 
men had lived before him. Greater men have lived since; but 
few have equalled him in the clearness of his vision or in the 
charm and enthusiasm of his words. Contrast with the quoted 
few with which this paper began these from Sir William Ramsay: 
"I venture to think that, in spite of the remarkable progress of 
science and of its applications, there never was a time when mis- 
sionary effort was more needed. Although most people have some 
knowledge of the results of scientific inquiry, few, very few, have 
entered into its spirit. We all live in hope that the world will 
grow better as the years roll on. Are we taking steps to secure 
the improvement of the race? I plead for recognition of the fact 
that progress in science does not only consist in accumulating 
iniormation which may be put to practical use, but in developing 
a spirit of prevision, in taking thought for the morrow; in at- 
tempting to forecast the future, not by vague surmise, but by 
orderly marshalling of facts, and by deducing from them their 
logical outcome; and chiefly in endeavoring to control conditions 
which may be utilized for the lasting good of our people. We must 
cultivate a belief in the 'application of trained intelligence to all 
forms of national activity.' " * There is here no lack of confidence 
in learning as an enterprise, but the buoyant note of hopefulness 
is absent. One might say: Three hundred years should have 
accomplished more, affording us the happy privilege of recalling 
Bacon's words as a prophecy fulfilled rather than as a vision so 
largely only vision still; finding it a thing accepted and enthusi- 
astically sup])orted rather than a thing in which few seriously 
believe. How have we profited if, still cherishing an ancient 
vision, our words have the ring of despair? 

The historian is doubtless competent to expose for our view 
the dominant characteristics of modern civilization in order that 
we may appreciate how little intellectual progress we have really 
made. He can point out that never, since the time of the ancient 
Greeks, has there been a people who, as a people, accepted without 

* Address of the President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 
Science, September 8, 1911, p. 291. 



THE ENTERPRISE OF LEARNING 17 

question the ideals of intelligence. He can show how modern 
culture has been the domestication of classical culture, how west- 
ern Europe did not possess the scientific spirit as a native endow- 
ment, but borrowed it or acquired it from antiquity. He can tell 
us how in our educational policy we have sought inspiration and 
guidance from the achievements of Greek and Roman learning, 
but have never made habitually our own the natural sources from 
which the Greeks drew for themselves, or the rational spirit which 
kindled their imagination. While giving the highest praise to 
modern scientists for their achievements, he will still insist that 
"few, very few, have entered into the spirit of science." In 
short, he can clearly indicate that modern civilization has never 
been characteristically and habitually a rational civilization. It 
has been marked by no clear perception of human progress. It 
has blundered along through revolution and compromise, through 
partisanship and accommodation, through a kind of chaotic 
empiricism and a firm reliance on Providence to avert the results 
of stupidity. It has believed that its destiny was a thing the 
gods cared for, and, when it recovered for itself a philosophy of 
development, it converted the fact that nature is productive into 
a theological proposition, and drew comfort from the fact that 
evolution goes on. It has experimented much, but reflected 
little. 

Still further, the historian can, doubtless, do much to satisfy 
our curiosity about the cavises of these characteristic tendencies 
in modern civilization. He can point to the complications due to 
the growth of nationalities; to the estrangements between the life 
of the people and the policies of their governments ; to the mixture 
of temperaments; to the kind of problems modern men have been 
called upon to face, noting that "during this period of evolution" 
men have been called upon to go out and possess the world in the 
interest of their material enterprises, with their armies and in- 
stitutions, and their accidental patriotism. They have been 
called upon to facilitate transportation and to exploit the hidden 
places of the earth. Their individuality has been personal and 
isolated rather than social and communal. They have not been 
called upon to rationalize their lives with the consciousness of 
human solidarity. Whenever they have had leisure to attempt 
this important task, they have been bewildered bv their material 



18 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

successes, their comforts, and their wealth: the conveniences of 
modern hfe have mastered them, so that their highest concep- 
tion of human joy is prosperity. Their type may be caricatured 
in the man who cannot pursue happiness without the stenographer 
and the telegraph. The diagnosis could be extended, and the 
strangely contradictory symptoms of the modern disease detailed. 
Some trace of malice and unfairness is admitted in this hasty 
sketch, but, I take it, our virtues are in no need of commendation. 
They are prosperously apparent. Nor are our vices so excessive 
that no balance can be struck to afford some consolation for a 
troubled conscience. Emphatic phrases of characterization have 
been used for the sake of securing contrast, to indicate how far our 
civilization, admitting its excellences, has fallen short of a rational 
civilization, although there have not lacked men who have seen 
the greater opportunity, — seen it, too, three hundred years ago. 

Much might have been different, we may venture to say, if 
modern philosophy had been consistently a rational philosophy; 
if it had steadfastly viewed mind as a natural activity intervening 
in the stream of impulses and habits to awaken the creative desire 
to transform existence in the light of possibilities disclosed, and 
only secondarily and as an aid thereto seeking the past and present 
constitution of things; or if it had believingly found the source of 
human inspiration and outlook in the exercise of progressive and 
sustained rational vision instead of in the constitution of matter, 
or the natural history of the human animal, or in epistemology. 
Yet modern philosophers have largely neglected the consideration 
of the mind as a natural activity exercised in the interest of the 
rational expansion and control of human impulses and the forces 
of nature. They have generally preferred to consider it the norm 
and touchstone of reality, expecting to find in its supposed contents 
and operations a deeper insight into the structure of things than 
they could attain by the direct study of nature's performances. 
They have, consequently, done very little to advance learning and 
very little to further the cause of a rational education. For men 
naturally turn to philosophy for some quickening comprehension 
of their activities. If, so turning, they are told that theories of 
perception and of the way the mind acquires knowledge point 
out the road to salvation, or that the essence of all philosophy 
is at last this, — that the world of our experience is the only real 



THE ENTERPRISE OF LEARNING 19 

world, or that the outcome of our intellectual striving is the 
confession of ignorance, — they do not return with confidence 
strengthened in the inquisition of truth as the supreme human 
enterprise. It is not surprising that they should esteem it as an 
ornament or a quality, or that they should come to insist that 
education should be practical and provide young people with the 
kind of knowledge they will find useful in their future under- 
takings. Surely, if the outcome of philosophy is a trivial proposi- 
tion or the admission of intellectual impotence, it would seem 
far better to cultivate and refine our instincts and emotions 
than to subject them to a rational discipline by the progressive 
cultivation of the life of reason. 

Happily, current philosophy, once more outstripping the times, 
is steering a different course. It no longer regards the study of 
mental processes as the solvent or despair of human problems. 
It is vigorously insisting that the romanticism and subjectivism 
of modern systems is a travesty of nature. It refuses to regard 
the mind as a kind of essence distilled for the purpose of affording 
in its own nature a criterion of all reality. It thinks of the mind, 
not as a substance, but as an activity, as the "spirit of prevision" 
which leads man to anticipate his future and to control the dis- 
covered forces of nature for the realization of his desires, making 
thus its great function the discovery, not of what is real, but of 
what is attainable. 

He who, first aroused by the quickening touch of creative 
fingers, looked forth upon the world with a mind behind his eyes 
saw, not the constitution of things, but a prospect. His first 
questions were not. Why does yonder sun shine self -poised aloft, 
or yonder rivers flow" along their course? He asked rather after 
the morrow and w^hat lies beyond the enclosing trees. Henceforth 
paradise discontented him. He felt equipped for an enterprise. 
He would attain an ampler existence than he discovered his to 
be. Forth he w^ent, not to live in accordance with nature, but 
to subdue it. At every step there was borne in upon him the 
realization that his anticipations must be disciplined, not through 
any increment to his instincts and emotions, but through a pro- 
gressive insight into their import, their tendencies, and their 
efficacy, and through a progressive conquest of natural forces. 
Put in words less figurative, we should say that philosophy is now 



20 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

beginning hopefully to recognize that the primary function of the 
mind is imagination. The dawn of intelligence in the world indi- 
cated, not, first of all, that some one had become aware of its 
processes, but that some one was taking thought of the future. 
It indicated that these processes would be learned because there 
had first been born the intent to use them. In a cosmic sense it 
meant that conceptions of the future, ideals attractive and worth 
while, had now become factors in the world to change and trans- 
form it, and that the discipline of the imagination had become 
imperative. 

Since it is intelligence, therefore, that opens a career for man 
by causing him to leap ahead of his present existence in antici- 
]jation of the changes he may effect by his own power, it would 
seem to be the first step in irrationality for him to convert the 
study of nature into a quest for some justification that he has a 
career at all, forgetting that such study should carry him to 
greater heights. To be sure, he has to learn that matter does not 
equally support all his enterprises, that it has its rigid laws to 
which he must conform or perish. This experience may lead him 
into the superstition that matter itself intends a career for him, 
carries his secret hidden within it, and, being the stuff of which he 
is made, must also be the norm of his destiny. He may then sink 
his existence to the depth of a propitiation of nature's forces. 
Yet intelligence was designed, if we may dare say it, for a different 
purpose: that he might conqueringly rise above matter and attain 
the divine, not by discovering the origin and first intent of things, 
but by reaching forward to make his visions real. 

If intelligence is such, there is little need to insist that for 
intelligent beings the training of the mind is not only the most 
important training, but also a discipline in the kind of life which 
should be most characteristic of them. We may train men's 
manners and their bodies, but, if we do not train their minds, they 
are "rational animals" to no purpose. And what needs repeated 
insistence from age to age, in every civilization, however efficient, 
comfortable, and prosperous, is that the training of the mind is, 
for rational animals, far more important than the training of their 
bodies or their manners. For the latter training is easy by com- 
parison. All the forces of matter side with it. The instincts, 
impulses, and emotions, which need clarification in the light of 



THE ENTERPRISE OF LEARNING 21 

the ideals intelligence can anticipate, find our bodies and our man- 
ners easy material to mould and fix, until we value the ornaments 
and qualities of our existence above its rational enterprise. Intel- 
ligence was not given to man to be hidden away, like the talent 
in the napkin, in fear lest it might be soiled by the increment its 
exercise would earn from a material world. No multiplication 
of the five of the body or the two of manners could compensate 
for that loss. 

Surely, "there never was a time when missionary effort was 
more needed"; and surely, too, if philosophy is reaching out once 
more to be a genuine ally of progress, that need spells opportunity 
likewise. The growing dissatisfaction with the kind of life our 
youth lead in college, the increasing suspicion that healthy bodies 
and acceptable manners do not make rational men, call for the 
esteeming of the inquisition of truth as an enterprise, and may 
evoke once more Bacon's hopeful persuasion. Only, let our col- 
leges be genuine institutions of learning, fostering the inquisition 
of truth, and training the young in the habits which fortify and 
discipline the spirit of prevision. Only let them pursue knowl- 
edge, not for the primary purpose of imparting true and useful 
information, or of affording some proof and justification of in- 
stinctive beliefs, but for the more exalted purpose of keeping the 
imagination awake and creative, and thus holding the mind true 
to its natural office of enlarging the future that the present may 
be redeemed. Only let them believe that the life of reason is 
unquestionably the best life for man. '-'If reason is divine in 
comparison with human nature, then the life of reason is divine 
in comparison with human life. It is not right to advise men 
to think of human things and mortals of mortal things. For 
a man should, as far as in him lies, aim at immortality and do 
everything with a view to living in the light of the highest that 
is in him. For, although that is small in size, in power and honor 
it far excels all the rest." * 

* Aristotle, Ethica nicomachea, 1177b 30f. ei St] deiov 6 vovs irpbs tov dvdpuiroi'j Kal 6 
Kara tovtov /3tos $eios irpbs rhv avOpibirivov ^iov. ov XPV 5e Kara rovs irapaivovvras 
dvOpdiriva (ppoveiv S-vOpuirov 5vTa ovdi dvt}Ta tov dvrjrdv^ dXX' i(p' 6<tov ivdix^''^^-'- 
adavaTL^eiv kolI wavTa iroietv npos rb ^rjv Kara rb KpariffTov tQv iv avrf- ei yap Kac 
rw 6yKcp /xiKpop iffTij 5vvdp.€i Kal TLfiLbTrjTi. TToXi) ixdWov TrdvTwv virepix^i- 



22 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



Ebt Amh^rBt JUuatnouH 



Let us now praise famous men. 
And our fathers that begat us. 



SOME commemoration of the Amherst of older days, and 
of her sons who have gained renown, is planned as a feature 
of each number of The Quarterly; memorial of some 
person or event chosen from the multitude of matters of 
interest to those graduates w^ho love to put honor where 
honor is due. In* the present number, death has made the 
inevitable choice for us. We cannot go farther afield until we 
have paid due tribute to two men long eminent in the afl^airs of 
Amherst College, — Dr. Edward Hitchcock and Professor Edward 
Payson Crowell. 



MEMORIAL ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT HARRIS 
ON DR. HITCHCOCK 

We come together to show our regard, yes, our reverence, for 
a great and noble man, whose childhood's home was here, who 
was graduated from this College, and who for fifty years was 
identified with the College, a teacher and leader of more than 
four thousand young men. 

A life is measured, not merely by length, but yet more by 
breadth and depth. The life of Dr. Hitchcock was not short 
in the reckoning of time. Yet the length of days is significant 
only in that which fills the speeding years. The breadth of his 
interest included home, the community of neighbors in which 
he lived, the College he loved, the nation in its peril and in its 
development, the world of men. Yet it was a deep life. There 
was not merely breadth, but intensity, keen insight, intelligent 
and profound sympathy. 



^% 



o^ 




KDWAKI) IHTCEK'OCK. M.U., LL.U. 
1828-1911 



FlKTY YeAKS 1'hOKKSSOH IV AlVlllKKST CoLI.K(;K 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 23 

He had a great capacity for friendship, binding every one to 
him with hooks of steel. A wise man said of old, as though of 
him, — 

"A faithful friend is a strong covert, 
And he that hath found him, hath found a treasure; 

There is nothing that can be taken in exchange for a faithful friend. 
And his excellency is beyond price. 

He that feareth the Lord directeth his friendship aright. 
For as he is, so is his neighbor also." 

Dr. Hitchcock was never old: in years only was he old; in life 
ever young, buoyant, hopeful, eager. 

He was so human. Could understand another's feelings, 
could get the other's point of view, knew how boys think and act, 
and could help them, could steer them, could awaken them to 
the best things. 

Mentally alert, shrewd, discerning; yet kindly, sympathetic, 
uplifting; he was broad-minded and large-hearted. 

He did not know how great he was. He did not think of himself 
at all. He was always thinking of somebody else, giving out, 
helping, — a humble, unselfish soul, a real Christian, if ever there 
was one. 

But he was great. Thus he was great, — in the greatness of 
simplicity. He was one, indeed, in whom there was no guile. 

We think, not so much of what he did as of what he was. 
What he was, himself, was the power for what he did, and there 
was no other, nor ever will be, like him. He had the great gifts 
of faith, hope, love, — the love which beareth all things, believeth 
all things, liopeth all things, endureth all things. 

So he went his large way on through the years, on the path 
of the just that shineth more and more unto the perfect day, 
and now has passed on into light, an entrance surely ministered 
abundantly to him into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and 
Saviour, Jesus Christ. 



24 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

WILDWOOD 

IN MEMORY OF EDWARD HITCHCOCK 

1828-1911 

Let us go up to Wildwood, 

Haven on the starry hill, 
Where one by one beneath his name 

Men we knew lie still; 
Still as the shadows touch them 

And the west pales from its red; 
Still in the fresh September night 

The mist creeps on the dead. 
Gray mist and green earth-cover 

Between the dead and the skies, 
Or the sunset on their cheek would blush, . 

The dawn would light their eyes; 1^ 

Half to the east are sentinel, 

Half are a watch in the west; . 

The trees that stand above them all 1 

Are rooted deep in rest. 
The branch that takes the weather, 

And moves in rain or sun, 
Lays hold below on buried men 

And their two lives are one. 
No grief that rests in Wildwood 

Is heavier than the tear 
The living weep, nor pains beyond 

The spring of the new year. 
For then the dust is happy. 

And puts the death-fear by 
To stir in the leaf that breathes the air 

And drinks the sun and sky. 
Is it ghosts that talk, or branches 

Planted in W^ildwood's trust. 
Who by the open grave rebuke 

The solemn "Dust to dust".'^ 



THE AMHERST ILBUSTRIOUS 25 

Our pleasant comfort. Brother, 

Why hurt with mournful speech — 
That children of one mother 

Shall mingle each with each? 
Is it ghosts that walk in Wildwood, 

Or only living trees, 
That shimmer past beneath the stars 

And touch us with the breeze? 
This tender, frail beseeching. 

This presence tremulous, 
Is it man to earth outreach ing. 

Is it earth that yearns to us? 
Let us go up to Wildwood 

And think on men we knew. 
Who from the peace wherein they lie, 
Brother to earth and tree and sky, 
Still thro' their quenchless love draw^ nigh 

And watch to keep us true. 



The day is ended of boyish greeting 

On the village street, in the college halls. 
The summer-scattered comrades meeting 

With laugh and jest and happy calls; 
Not the lad of last year wholly. 

But ripened by the season's length. 
Each with a deeper tread in folly 

Or with a nobler grasp of strength; 
And still to his falling or uplifting 

The inscrutable Opportunity 
From each, with fine relentless sifting. 

Garners the man he is to be. 
Ah, single in the glee and riot. 

Who is this boy with shining eyes 
That in a manful cloak of quiet 

Wraps his tumult of surprise? 
Thro' surges of delirious clamor 

Aloof with his new thoughts he moves, 



26 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

And, lonely, sees in brighter glamour 

The household of his homely loves. 
Visions like hearth-fires in him smoulder, 

Careers beyond his loved ones' scope — 
The sword of knighthood on his shoulder, 

The consecration of their hope. 
He feels with unsuspected power; 

No nerve seems habit- worn or dim; 
Edged with a weird-illumined wonder. 

All sights and sounds take hold of him; 
The hillsides from the chapel tower. 

How the bell haled the hours by. 
How his room looked, and the valley yonder, 

He will remember till he die. 
This answer to the world that calls him, 

This reach of heart, shall he outgrow? 
This spirit infinitely thrilling 

Ever be dull. ^ We cannot know: 
We only know, whate'er befalls him. 

The tree is fashioned in the seed; 
He of himself is the fulfilling. 

He suffers now his latest need. 
Clean-thoughted now% with pure desires. 

Ah, for a friend to walk beside. 
Thro' the fierce dividing fires 

Where the fate of youth is tried ! 
Would not the eyes that watched this venture 

Kindle to judgment less and less? 
Would not the voice of cheer or censure 

Sound at last of wistfulness? 
Let us go up to Wildwood, 

Star-home of faithful men. 
And bid the new earth lightly cover 
Boyhood's most forgiving lover. 
Such a friend, the wide world over, 

Bovhood shall not find again. 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 27 

Who is this walks the Wildwood road 

In the soft starlight, 
Who plies his staff, his shoulders stooping. 

And hurries thro' the night? 
The sombre hat, broad brim, high crown; 

The long hair white with many snows; 
The prophet beard that squarely down 

A span's length on his bosom flows; 
Winthrop's counsellor, or Bradford's, 

Comrade of Cotton Mather's men, — 
What Puritan, what Pilgrim Father 

Is summoned from his rest again? 
He strikes his staff with quick impatience, 

Yet we hear nothing meet the ground; 
His lips — what errand troubles him? — 

Move and mutter without sound. 
His bent head suddenly he raises, 

He takes us sharply in his view, 
He sights at us along his beard,— 

He is the man we knew! 
The very man, — and met so often 

So treading his beloved hills. 
The ghost that walks where he has walked 

Almost our heart's need of him fills. 
Into the wistful phantom eyes 

We ask — ah me, without avail! 
We gaze — we almost hear once more 

His sudden, sharp, emphatic hail. 
O sweet deceiving show of rigor. 

The look and measure of the past! 
He drew from antique strength his vigor. 

He died a youthful man at last. 
So old, so youthful evermore. 

So high of faith, so firm of will. 
Boyhood's heart learns hope of him 

Whose heart was younger still. 
Such youth the trees have. Titan-set, 

That cannot count their age. 
Yet wear unstained, uncrampt, unshorn, 

Their primal equipage; 



'28 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

Neighbor to heaven, in earth deep-rooted. 

From their first nature unsubdued. 
Still plain and true, as when God made 

And saw that they were good. 
So in this dear remembered face 

The lines of youth are deep; 
With youth's impatient zeal to-night 

He met us from his sleep. 
He will not tarry, — well we know 

His trouble and his journey's end; 
Yonder a boy away from home 

Has need of him for friend ! 
Ah, lad, could you but see him here. 

Could he but find you with his love, 
The passion of the forest-breath 
Would draw you hillward till your death. 
The yearning of the earth beneath 

And the clean stars above. 



You trees that stand in Wildwood, 

How firm your love endures. 
Now he, your best interpreter. 

Mingles his life with yours ! 
We cannot tell you twain apart, 

Tree-lover from the trees, 
Who move beneath the stars together 

And touch us with the breeze. 
Guard still the dead, guard still the living. 

Still love us, he and you. 
Still in our boyhood overtake us 

And watch to keep us true. 
But keep you still the rugged youth, 

O trees, that first you wore; 
No art, no craft, be on you laid ! 
Or he, whose strength was in you stayed. 
The simplest man God ever made. 

Will walk with you no more. 

John Erskine. 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 29 

Some Personal Notes 

Nothing about Dr. Hitchcock will be more vividly recalled 
by the alumni than his fervid and heartfelt chapel services. A 
note on the last two or three times he conducted the service we 
owe to the kindness of Professor Elwell. 

On December 21, 1910, a rather gloomy day, he attempted to 
lead off the responsive reading. He read the opening verse all 
right, and the students responded; then in the second verse he 
had difficulty in adjusting his magnifying glass to his failing eye- 
.sight, and repeated the first line of the first verse. Aware of his 
mistake, he tried again several times, but could only succeed in 
directing his glass to the first line; when, closing the book with an 
indescribably pathetic look, he gave out the hymn. The prayer 
followed, with his old-time fervor; but the students, who were 
listening intently, sadly felt that this was perhaps his last chapel 
service. 

On January 14, 1911, however, the day was brighter, and he 
conducted the responsive reading and prayer with his accustomed 
vigor. 

On January 29 Professor Esty, whose turn it was to conduct 
chapel, on entering found the doctor sitting in his usual seat, and 
asked him if he would like some time to -assist in the chapel exer- 
cises. The doctor, not waiting for a future occasion, responded 
gladly, and, laying aside his overcoat, went to the platform. 
Professor Esty led the reading and gave out the hymn, and the 
doctor offered prayer. Then, leaning familiarly over the desk, he 
addressed a few words to the students, telling them that he had 
attended church there for many years, and chapel services many 
years more, speaking of his personal appreciation of the value 
of daily chapel and expressing his hope that the day was far 
distant when Amherst students would cease to cherish this long- 
hallowed custom. Only a few words, but they will not soon be 
forgotten, for they were his last words in chapel. 

The Oratorio Concert of March 16, being the fifth rendering 
of "The Messiah" in Amherst, was dedicated to Dr. Hitchcock's 
memory, and on the inside of the cover of the program was printed 
the following account of his musical services and interests : — 



30 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

"He has always been with us when it was given before, an 
active member of the chorus; has sung also in the other oratorios 
and cantatas that have been given; until about two or three years 
ago, when increasing age would not permit him to attend evening 
rehearsals. It was a keen sorrow to him ever to absent himself. 
For a long time after his vigor began to fail he would send a written 
note to every rehearsal, regretting his inability to be present or 
asking the privilege of staying only a part of the evening. 

"No one has been more instrumental than Dr. Hitchcock, or 
more constant, in founding and promoting the Department of 
Music in Amherst College. To a degree of which few are aware its 
success is due to him. Nor has his active interest in music been 
confined to the comparatively short history of the Department. 
Some of his colleagues remember how he used to gather his family 
and students and members of the Faculty in his home, and with 
his bass-viol lead them in Sunday evening music, vocal and in- 
strumental; and longer ago, before any of us can remember, when 
musical interests in Amherst were very meagre, he used to give 
lectures on the great masters and works of music. Of all his sub- 
jects in these lectures his favorite was Handel's 'Messiah.'" 

Of Dr. Hitchcock's unwearied activities as what he called a 
"general smelling committee," or, as he otherwise expressed it, 
"to do the chores," all the students and graduates were aware. 
They did not know so well, perhaps, that for many years he col- 
lected, classified, and preserved all sorts of college memorabilia, 
— programs, posters, souvenirs, relics, anything that would serve 
to perpetuate the memory of the passing affairs of the college. 
It is to be hoped that this useful service will not be intermitted 
now that he is gone. 



3-A 




KDWAKl) I'AVSON CKOWKLL. D.I). 
18.'}0-1911 
FiKTV Years Professor in Amiikrst Coi.i.KiiK 
From I'ainlina by Edwin B. Child, '90 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 31 

IN MEMORIAM 
EDWARD PAYSON CROWELL, D.D. 

The dedication of the 1910 Olio, and the press accounts 
called forth by his death, give the main facts in the life 
of Professor Crowell and describe in a spirit of just appre- 
ciation his work and character. To these sources of information 
the present writer wishes to add — in the hope that it will interest 
his fellow-alumni — certain personal impressions received when a 
student under Professor Crowell, and later while associated with 
him as a member of the College Faculty. 

It was at the beginning of the winter term of 1868-69 that the 
Class of 1870 began the study of Tacitus under the young pro- 
fessor who was then at the head of the department of Latin. 
Every lecture-room has its own characteristic mental and moral 
atmosphere; and we were soon aware that this room was not a 
place for sleep. From the beginning of the roll-call to the assign- 
ment of the morrow's lesson there was a certain tension, as if every 
moment and every word must be made to count. The alertness 
of the teacher, his keen interest in the subject, his close attention 
to the reciting student, his incisive words and rapid speech, re- 
acted upon the class quickly and strongly. It was soon generally 
perceived that inaccuracy in any form, hazy ideas, loose think- 
ing, random guesses, and empty fluency would bring to grief as 
surely as downright ignorance. There was a squad in the class 
composed of men in whose preparation for college there had been 
only the semblance of real mental discipline; and we, the un- 
happy members of this squad, suffered under Professor Crowell 
as nowhere else, save, perhaps, under certain teachers of mathe- 
matics. But the measure of our suffering was also the measure 
of the good we received, and later — it is to be hoped — of the 
gratitude we came to feel. And even then we were compelled 
to admit that there was nothing unfair or unkind in our treat- 
ment. As the term wore on, we began to discover that our 
teacher was more than an excellent drill-master, patiently trying 
to help us rebuild the shaky foundations of our scholarship. 
We learned that he was a master of his subject; that he was 



32 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

seeking to introduce us not merely to the words, but the very 
heart and mind of Tacitus. As the writer looks back to those 
days, it seems to him that Professor Crowell strove to establish 
those very qualities of scholarship the want of whigh has ex- 
posed the Rhodes appointees from the United States to criticism 
at Oxford. 

But teaching was only one of the functions of Professor Crowell 
as a member of the Faculty. For fourteen years he was its Dean. 
Throughout the entire term, covering fifty years, of his service 
he attended faithfully the meetings of the Faculty. He felt a 
deep interest both in matters of general college policy and in the 
administrative side of its government. To him it was a duty 
to form an opinion on every matter that concerned the College, 
to make that opinion known, and to urge its adoption. In all 
this he was true to himself and true to the College. There was 
in him nothing of the spirit which breeds faction. Intrigue was 
utterly alien to his nature. Desire for popularity and love of 
victory influenced him as little as fear of defeat. He seemed 
to care only to be in the right and to do his best to establish the 
right. Few men are so indifferent as was he to considerations of 
mere expediency. In the meetings of the Faculty he urged his 
views generally with quiet earnestness, but, even when deeply 
moved, always with perfect courtesy. 

The interest of Professor Crowell in the religious life of the 
College was great and constant. Dating from the revival which 
took place in 1850, his Freshman year, it was marked by extended 
and efficient service as college preacher and by taking regularly 
his turn with others in the conduct of the services at the college 
chapel, where, even after the entire loss of his sight, he officiated 
no less than sixty-six times, on each occasion repeating from 
memory the Scripture lesson with perfect accuracy. To the end 
of its existence he was an unfailing attendant upon the Thursday 
evening meeting. These acts, however, were the outward and 
more formal expression of an inner life of singular depth 
and power. Religion — the Christian religion, apprehended and 
held to in its spiritual meaning more closely than in dogma — 
seemed to those who knew him best the all-controlling force that 
shaped his life. Thence came, under buffetings to which few have 
been subjected, his steadfastness of hope and cheer, his quiet 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 33 

persistence in duty, his courage and resolution in readjusting his 
Hfe to sadly altered conditions. 

Professor Crowell was easily one of a small group who deserved 
the title of first citizens of Amherst; and within this group there 
was no one in whom devotion to the general good appeared in a 
purer form. While serving in the legislature as representative of 
his district, he was Chairman of the Committee on Education, and 
secured an appropriation of $30,000 for the Massachusetts Agri- 
cultural College, then in sore need, and at a time long before the 
State had learned the extent of its obligation toward this institu- 
tion. He made his own every interest of the community, and he 
was particularly solicitous in respect to what concerned its 
good name and moral welfare. But he was a patriotic and 
devoted citizen of Massachusetts and of the Union, as well 
as of Amherst; and there was much in his nature that made 
generous response to the claims of world citizenship. It was 
stimulating as well as enlightening to listen to him as he talked 
of public affairs, home and foreign. Among the leaders of his 
day, Lincoln made upon him the deepest impression; and, of 
later Presidents whose terms fell wholly within the nineteenth 
century, Cleveland stood first in his esteem. 

A marked trait of the character of Professor Crowell was his 
strong sense of right and his insistence on justice. This insist- 
ence on justice related not to himself, but to all others who 
suffered wrong; and among these his deepest concern was for those 
who were weak or unfortunate. Few things aroused his indigna- 
tion so fully a* mean or cruel forms of hazing, or instances, hap- 
pily rare, where a poor laundress had been defrauded of her 
hard-earned wages. But this keen sense of the claims of .the 
weak and of the obligations of the strong is of the very essence 
of chivalry; and perhaps we have not known in our day a knight- 
lier soul than Professor Crowell. And in accord with his chivalry 
were his manners, for these were the fit expression of a strong 
nature that had been refined and chastened, a heart of sym- 
pathy and active good-will, a mind filled with high ideals, and 
a character self-respecting, obedient to duty, and without fear. 
Simply as an exemplar of noble manners. Professor Crowell was 
a large asset of Amherst College and the town of Amherst. 

Anson D. Morse. 



34 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

A Paper from Professor Crowell for "The Quarterly" 

At the request of the editors, Professor Crowell some time be- 
fore his death set out to write some reminiscences of his long 
connection with the College. He lived only to write one short 
paper, which is here appended. It is virtually an account of the 
manner of the Commencement season when he was graduated, 
1853. With the paper we give also his title, rather formal and 
extended for so short a production, but accurately indicative, as 
nothing else could be, of the contents: — 

SOME NOTEWORTHY THINGS OCCURRING IN THE HISTORY OF THE 
COLLEGE ABOUT HALF A CENTURY AGO, CHIEFLY IN CONNECTION 
WITH COMMENCEMENT 

The final Senior examinations in that period occurred six 
weeks before Commencement, and were immediately followed by 
Class Day, the first observance of which was in 1852. On the 
morning of that day the Senior Class visited the various recita- 
tion-rooms, and bade them farewell with impromptu singing and 
cheers. In the afternoon there were public exercises in the chapel, 
which consisted of a poem and an oration with singing by a quar- 
tette of members of the class. 

The account of this occasion in 1853 is given in the Record of 
the class which graduated that year, and is as follows :— 

"Tuesday, June 28, 1853, was observed by the Class of '53 
as Class Day. In the forenoon the Class assembled in the Senior 
recitation room, and under the direction of the Marshal of the 
day, visited the recitation rooms, taking leave of each with three 
cheers. In the afternoon public exercises were held in the Chapel, 
consisting of Song by the Class Quartette Club, Poem, Song by the 
Quartette Club, Oration, Song, 'Auld Lang Syne,' in which the 
whole Class joined in the chorus. After these exercises an hour 
was spent in the grove, where were provided pipes and lemonade. 
Leaving the grove, the Class formed in procession and marched 
in order several times through the rhetorical room and the Chapel, 
and then dispersed till evening. About eight o'clock p.m. the 
Class assembled, and with a band of music serenaded the tutors 
and professors; members of the Class addressing the different 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 35 

professors. After visiting the members of the Faculty, the Class 
retired to Howe's Hall at the Amherst House, where a collation 
had been prepared. In due time the remnants were removed, 
and the Toast-Master presented a number of toasts, furnished 
by members of the Class. The time was filled up with songs, 
volunteer sentiments and speeches, till after three o'clock a.m., 
when the Class left the hall." 

During the six weeks following, each member of the Senior 
Class w^as required to write an oration as a final condition of 
graduation. 

In that era the time for Commencement was the first week 
in August, and the first public exercise was the baccalaureate 
sermon, preached Sunday afternoon by the President of the Col- 
lege, which concluded with a special address to the class. The 
first secular exercise was a prize declamation on Tuesday evening, 
in which the four members of the Freshman and Sophomore 
Classes who had attained the highest rank in the department of 
rhetoric and oratory took part. Prizes were awarded to the two 
best speakers in each class. This was one of the most popular 
events of the week, and always attracted a large audience. 

Wednesday morning was the time assigned for the annual 
meeting of the alumni. Sometimes besides routine business there 
were extempore speeches by a number of graduates, but more 
frequently an oration was delivered by some one previously invited 
from among the more eminent of them. 

There w^ere in those days two literary societies, at one time 
called respectively Eclectic and Academia, and afterwards Alexan- 
drian and Athenian. These had a joint celebration of their 
anniversary in the afternoon, and listened to an oration by some 
distinguished person. In the course of one decade of that period 
the speakers on this occasion included Edw^ard Everett, Charles 
Sumner, Henry Ward Beecher, Wendell Phillips, Dr. Richard 
S. Storrs, Professor E. A. Park, and John B. Gough, the cele- 
brated temperance lecturer. The hall was always crowded, and 
the audiences held spell-bound often by the eloquence of these 
orators. Almost all the students of the lower classes, it is a 
noteworthy fact, remained in town to attend on this occasion. 

Wednesday evening there was usually a concert given by the 
musicians who were also employed to participate in all the public 



36 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

functions of the week, and frequently there were in addition 
receptions at private houses and fraternity halls. 

In that period all members of the Senior Class who had a 
certain rank during the college course received appointments for 
the Commencement stage, and their names and subjects were all 
contained in the programme of the exercises. A certain number 
of the appointees were excused from speaking in order that the 
exercises might not be excessive in length. There were four honor 
appointees, the highest in rank delivering an English oration 
with the valedictory addresses, the next the salutatory address 
in Latin, and the third and fourth, respectively, the philosophical 
and the scientific orations. The speaking occupied about two 
hours and a half, besides the time necessary for the conferring of 
degrees. The Commencement was held in College Hall, which 
was then the Congregational church. 

At the close a procession was formed, consisting of the trustees, 
the Faculty, the alumni, and the Senior Class, which, escorted by 
a band of music, marched to a hall in the block now known as 
Phoenix Row for the Commencement dinner. This was fol- 
lowed by many speeches from the guests present, among them 
usually the Governor of the Commonwealth. 

It is a noteworthy fact in the history of the College that in 
that era of half a century ago the subject of physical culture was 
first broached at Amherst and earlier than anywhere else in the 
country. President Stearns in his inaugural address in ISoJi 
discussed this subject at some length, and in his subsequent annual 
reports to the trustees urged upon them the consideration of it, 
until at Commencement in 1859 when he prevailed upon them to 
establish a department of hygiene and physical education with 
required exercises, as in all other departments. It was also chiefly 
due to his efforts that funds were obtained for the erection and 
equipment of Barrett Gymnasium, which was completed in the 
summer of 1860, the first structure of its kind in any college. 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 37 



CHIEF JUSTICE RUGG 

A RTHUR PRENTICE RUGG, of Amherst, '83, was con- 

/-\ firmed Chief Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of 

INIassachusetts September "^O. He succeeds Hon. Marcus 

r. Knowlton of Springfield, who recently resigned on account of 

defective eyesight. 

Next to a place on the bench of the Supreme Court of the 
United States, this ofiice is considered by many lawyers the 
highest judicial position in the country. Justices Horace Gray 
and Oliver Wendell Holmes, of the National Supreme Court, are 
among his recent predecessors. 

Mr. Justice Rugg was not only the youngest of the seven jus- 
tices, but the most recent appointment to that court. The son 
of Prentice Mason and Cynthia (Ross) Rugg, he was born in 
Sterling, Mass., August 20, 1862. He was fitted for college in 
the Lancaster High School, and entered Amherst the following 
fall. After graduation in 1883 he entered the Boston University 
Law School, taking the degree of LL.B. in 1886, and the honor 
of class orator, although one of the younger members of his class. 
He began the practice of law in Worcester. As partner of Hon. 
John R. Thayer, who had already built up an extensive practice, 
he took part in a great variety of civil and criminal cases. 

Though giving little time to politics, he was elected a member 
of the common council of the city in 1894, becoming its presi- 
dent the following year. For two years he served as assistant 
district attorney, and then accepted the office of city solicitor, 
which he held until September 27, 1906, when he was appointed 
a justice of the Supreme Judicial Court. 

In a quiet, unassuming, yet self-confident way, with untiring 
industry, unceasing vigilance, and intellectual keenness, he 
guarded his clients' interests, and so far as possible kept them 
out of litigation. If necessary, however, to maintain or defend 
his clients' rights before judge and jury, he ])roved a worthy 
protagonist among the leaders of the bar. If the heavens fell, 
as they sometimes did, he was never rattled nor lost self-control, 
but saved all he could from the ruins. 



38 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

While careful in preparation — trusting nothing to luck — and 
untiring in his efforts, he wisely depended more upon a clear, 
orderly presentation of the facts, with calm, logical reasoning, 
than upon the verbal pyrotechnics and sledge-hammer blows of 
some of his brilliant associates. He never abused his opponent 
nor his witnesses, nor did he forget, in the heat of conflict, that 
a lawj^er could and should be an honest man and a gentleman. 

While the law, a jealous mistress, has never had reason to doubt 
his loyalty, he has not failed to discharge his duty to his church 
and his community. As president of the Shakespeare Club and 
as a Sunday-school teacher, he shows the same painstaking prep- 
aiation and efficient ser^'ice as in his chosen profession. 

During the last five years of service as an associate justice of 
our highest court, he has always been fair, dignified, and cour- 
teous, even when confronted by ignorance and bungling. He 
never relies on sudden inspiration or intuition alone. He studies 
precedents, sifts and weighs arguments on all sides, and avails 
himself of all accumulated wisdom of the past. His opinions are 
models of clear, sane reasoning. • 

As judges go, he is still a young man, and we hope and believe 
his greatest and best life-work is before him. 

WTiile making the most of his opportunities up to the present 
time. Justice Rugg is in no true sense a self-made man. He was 
born right. He inherited a healthy mind in a healthy body and 
a New England conscience. He was brought up on a farm in 
the country, and came from our best Massachusetts stock. All 
his instincts and training conduced to high moral and religious 
standards. He has net been compelled to struggle against heredi- 
tary taints. He had neither poverty nor riches. He was poor 
enough to necessitate hard work from childhood. He was rich 
enough to receive a classical education in the best American 
college and technical training. He has enjoyed the help and 
inspiration of an ideal home with a wife and children. 

INIore than most men, he has had great opportunities and 
grasped them. He has been weighed in the balance and not 
found wanting. 

William T. Forbes. 



YESTERDAY AND TO-DAY IN THE CURRICULUM 39 



Sir? Qlnlkgr of tl|? ^tnv 



YESTERDAY AND TO-DAY IN THE CURRICULUM 

BY JOHN M. TYLER 

A SYSTEM of education, like a tariff, is always a com- 
promise. It has its advantages and disadvantages, its 
strong and weak points. Every change brings gain and 
loss. The aim of the educator is to increase the gains and 
diminish the losses, and thus to show a more favorable balance 
sheet. To be sure of our standing, we must compare the balance 
sheets of many years. Recent attainments mark the completion 
of an interesting cycle in the educational history of the college, 
and afford us a standpoint from which we may advantageously 
study the changes of a long period. 

Forty years ago the course of study was simple. Freshmen 
had recitations in Greek, Latin, and mathematics throughout the 
year. At least one ancient language was studied by the whole 
class until Senior year. Sophomores had a year of French, and 
Juniors one of German. The mathematics of Freshman year were 
followed by chemistry, physics, and geology successively. In 
Senior year we had philosophy, some English literature, and a few 
lectures on economics and international law. Writing and speak- 
ing were practised throughout the course. The whole student 
body or the members of one class furnished a recalcitrant audi- 
ence for the declamations and orations of our budding orators. 
Our elective courses could have been counted on the fingers of our 
hands. 

This course of studies had marked virtues and advantages. It 
furnished an admirable system of mental discipline, in which 
languages, mathematics, science, and metaphysics all contributed 
a share. The classes were not too large to allow every student 
the opportunity of a daily recitation or failure. The undergradu- 
ate expected to be a clergyman, lawyer, or teacher. Hence the 



40 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

content of the curriculum was well suited to these learned pro- 
fessions. We knew little of English literature, nothing of his- 
tory^ and economics, except as some rare soul explored these fields, 
aided only by the college library. Most of us found bliss in igno- 
rance. Even in Amherst, which had always specially fostered 
science, the scientific courses were brief and scanty enough. We 
ought to have learned Greek and Latin well, though most of us 
did not. We had a sound training in compulsory industry, though 
many escaped even this. Perhaps we ought to have been content. 
We were not. 

We felt that, if an adequate knowledge of Greek and Latin 
required two or three years of preparatory study and as much 
more time in college, one year's study could give no more than a 
smattering of a modern language or science. Hence elective 
courses began to multiply. In 1881 we find a considerable list 
of them, but limited to Junior and Senior years. This change 
allowed the introduction of new studies as well as a much longer 
time for the old established favorites. The number of such 
courses has increased over fifty per cent, during each of the last 
two decades. At present nearly two hundred courses are offered 
during the four years. 

Meanwhile the student body has been changing. In 1871 we 
had about two hundred and fifty students, most of whom were 
farmers' sons, eager for learning and the opportunity to study. To- 
day we have five hundred young men drawn from the most diverse 
home and social surroundings. Few of our undergraduates are 
now jjreparing for the gospel ministry or teaching; two-thirds or 
three-fourths enter business. We are dealing with a heterogeneous 
body of young men who are preparing not for a few learned pro- 
fessions, but for life in a complex and busy world. 

We cannot return to the narrow curriculum of the early seven- 
ties: few of the graduates from our high schools have had the 
necessary preparation in Greek. This may be regrettable, but it 
is a fact. The system of free election had led to dissipation of 
effort, and sometimes, though not so often as some have supposed, 
to choice of the line of easiest escape from work. The inexperi- 
enced student could hardly be expected to select and hold a well- 
balanced course, giving thorough discipline. The group system, 
though a great improvement, had not furnished all that could be 



YESTERDAY AND TO-DAY IN THE CURRICULUM 41 

desired. Yet we could not afford to lose the inestimable value of the 
solidity of attainment and discipline gained by the thorough and 
long study of a few subjects, which was the great advantage of the 
old curriculum. The problem was anything but simple and easy. 

We now have a plan by which we hope to secure most of the 
advantages and to avoid the evils of both older systems. It has 
been carefully considered by a large committee and accepted by 
the Faculty. Its most important features are as follows:— 

In Freshman year every student pursues mathematics and 
English, two languages and a science. One of the languages 
must be Greek or Latin, and its study is continued through 
Sophomore year. During the first two years the student elects a 
part of his course under a system of groups the nucleus of which 
is formed by the languages. 

For graduation the student must complete three majors and a 
minor. A major is a subject studied six semester courses in one 
department or sometimes in two nearly related departments; 
a minor is a subject continued during four semester courses. 
Every student completes ten courses per year, and nearly one- 
half of his time after Freshman year is devoted to his major 
courses. No student (except by special permission) can elect 
more than eight semester courses, nor more than two simultane- 
ously, in any one department. No course of less than a year may 
be counted toward a degree, except, as specially provided, that 
certain nearly related courses may be combined in a major. 

This plan, most wisely outlined and skilfully framed, has been 
followed for one year with great success. It allows the student 
large freedom of choice. He may return to the classical course 
of forty years ago, if he will. He may make the sciences and mod- 
ern languages the body of his course. But in any case he must 
take a certain amount of language, mathematics, and science. 
Any study once begun may, with certain exceptions, be dropped 
at the end of one year. The student has the opportunity to 
experiment, to test his tastes and abilities. The number of majors 
prevents undue and premature specialization and narrowness. 
Every one of at least three studies must be pursued for three 
years and satisfactorily completed. A mark of sixty must be 
attained in every semester course, and the student's average at 
the end of four years must be at least seventy. 



42 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

To guard against mistakes due to the student's inexperience, 
his card of electives must be examined, approved, and signed by a 
member of the instruction committee, who also advises and aids 
him in the selection of his studies. His majors must be chosen 
after one year's study, but may be changed by special permission 
in exceptional cases. The student is given full opportunity to 
find the line of work suited to his endowments and needs. But, 
to gain the degree of A.B., he must attain a thorough knowledge 
in three departments by steady, faithful, and efficient work. 
The more we study and apply this plan, the more fully we are 
persuaded that it combines the most important advantages of 
the old classical course and of free election, that it avoids the 
defects of both these experiments, and that it possesses many 
great and peculiar advantages. 

The older alumnus will surely say somewhat sadly: "Your 
scheme is fine. But education demands great and strong men. 
Amherst College graduated its greatest alumni in the days of its 
direst poverty, when resources and means were pitifully few, but 
its teachers were great. Where are your great teachers of even 
twenty years ago?" Two of them have passed on this very year. 
We shall never have another Dr. Hitchcock or Professor Crowell. 
They have "given their courage and skill to him who can get 
them. " 

Some of us remember the days when President Seelye resigned 
the teaching of philosophy into the hands of a young and untried 
man by the name of Garman. We all thought that the glory had 
departed from that department. Later we gladly acknowledged 
our mistake. Three men more unlike than President Seelye and 
Professors Garman and Newlin can hardly be imagined. Methods 
and even content have changed, but power and inspiration con- 
tinue unu})atcd. In all departments strong young men are push- 
ing forward to fill the gaps in the front ranks. We need not fear. 
What of the morals of the College.'^ Old friend, the average col- 
lege boy of to-day is more truthful and honest than when we were 
undergraduates. The Honor System does not merely forbid 
cheating in tests and examinations, it is the symptom and sign 
of a si)irit of honor abroad in our college to-day. The student 
is more reliable and trustworthy. The relations between teacher 
and student grow closer and stronger every year. The student 



YESTERDAY AND TO-DAY IN THE CURRICULUM 43 

accepts and bears responsibility far better. He generally recog- 
nizes that lie makes or mars the reputation of the college to which 
he is passionately loyal, and usually acts accordingly. There are 
still exceptions and failures. "Eden isn't quite done yet." He 
is fully as earnest. The nearness of Smith College and Mount 
Holyoke, in some respects a vanity and vexation of spirit, has done 
much to keep life and heart clean and pure in our students and to 
repress barbarism. Influences for good have never been so strong 
or the moral environment so healthy and inspiring as to-day. 

The religion of the college student has changed greatly during 
the last forty years. Here, as in the church at large, gains and 
losses are both very apparent. We miss the deep feeling, the 
rugged strength, the stern and strict obedience to law, the convic- 
tion of the deadliness of sin, and the crying need of redemption, 
which gave such mighty power to the preaching and life of those 
days. But our religion is more joyous, hopeful, and healthy: 
there is more of it, and it is more universal. Its emphasis is laid 
on righteousness and service rather than on individual salvation 
or theological creed. Here much remains to be done to conserve 
the good of the old without lessening the blessings of the new 
dispensation. Teachers and students are alive to the present 
needs and dangers. Our Christian Association is doing yeoman 
w^ork in college and throughout the neighborhood. We will yet 
w in our w^ay to a clearer light and more invigorating air. 

We would not for a moment claim that we have already at- 
tained or are already perfect. We are far from it. Our vastly 
improved curriculum, our better buildings and means of instruc- 
tion, all our modern improvements and attainments, mean larger 
opportunities, grander possibilities, and vast responsibilities, — 
neither less nor more. If we should rely on these, forgetting the 
need and value of the character and power of the individual teacher; 
if in our dawning prosperity we should forget the aims, purposes, 
and spirit in which the College was founded; if we exalt even 
learning above character and means above ends, — we shall surely 
fail. But we have a wise, clear-headed, great-hearted president, 
an earnest, thoughtful, and efficient body of teachers. Please 
God, we'll "hold our rudder true." 

Our greatest gain during the last twenty-five^ years has been 
in the loyalty and support of our alumni. They are giving more 



4-1 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

liberally of their money, time, thought, interest, influence, and 
power to their Alma Mater than those of any other college in the 
country. This we proudly and gratefully recognize. And we are 
justly proud of the work and record of our graduates. Wher- 
ever the battle is on for truth and righteousness against error 
and wrong or for clean living and honest politics; wherever in 
the world men are being lifted to a higher plane of life; wherever a 
gospel of hope, courage, and progress, is being proclaimed; wher- 
ever there is an opportunity to serve a good but unpopular cause, 
— there Amherst men are elbowing their way into the front ranks 
of hardest blows and most strenuous endurance and endeavor. 
We may well be proud of our college. Like fertile Phthia, she is 
the mother of heroes. We ought to be prouder than we are of her 
past record, and press forward with hope and courage and with 
a mighty resolve and purpose into a grander future. 

"Be men, dear friends, the charge of battle bear; 
Your brave associates and your friends revere." 



THE COMMENCEMENT SEASON 

THE College at the Commencement season appears from 
many angles and points of view, and from none in just 
the light of the academic year to which Commencement 
sets the punctuation mark. The studies and routines are over; 
the underclassmen are away; the Seniors are busy with their Class- 
day and Commencement duties and with the care of parents and 
friends. The College, in fact, — including its good name, — ^is for the 
time in the hands of the alumni, young and old, and their business 
is reunion. Of those red-letter days of reunion delights, which 
are the main feature of Commencement, we cannot write; nor do 
we need to do so, for each alumnus carries back home his individ- 
ual share, all written in his life. We can only speak of some of the 
salient things, such as we deem the graduate who was not there 
would like to know. Every Commencement season is like every 
other, yet also each has a character all its own; and it is the 
thought of many that this year's one, as well in the joys and en- 
couragements as in the more serious thoughts and memories it 
brought, will rank in our history among the very best. 



THE COMMENCEMENT SEASON 45 

The baccalaureate sermon on Sunday, June 25, by President 
Harris, was preached from the text Rev. xx. 12: "And another 
book was opened, which is the book of Hfe." It was the Hfe that 
in all its solemnity and untold possibilities begins here and now 
that was emphasized. "There is a book in which all is recorded, 
and that is the life itself. There is self-registration. Every act 
reacts on the person, makes a tracing there. , . . There is no 
such thing as abstract culture apart from the person. Culture 
is the man himself, embodying learning and discernment. . . . 
Even the face tells what the man is. . . . Education is writing 
in the book of life. . . . The book is the person, one's self, the 
writing an autobiography, a self-written life. Every one sees an 
ideal, his ideal self. . . . And we choose, — choose the way we will 
take, the values we will possess. . . . We interpret life in terms 
of value. . . . The valuation of a good man is of one who cannot 
be bought." Such are some of the pointed and telling sentences 
of which the sermon was full. 

The Commencement concert, given in College Hall on Sunday 
afternoon at three o'clock, under the leadership of Professor W. P. 
Bigelow ('89), was a veritable revelation to the alumni of the 
immense progress that has been made in musical culture at 
Amherst in the last few years. Gounod's Messe Solennelle (Saint 
Cecilia) and Dvorak's One Hundred and Forty-ninth Psalm were 
given by a chorus of near one hundred voices and eminent soloists, 
among the latter Mr. George Harris, Jr., of the Class of 1906, 
already a tenor singer of brilliant achievement and promise. A well- 
trained orchestra from the College, assisted by members of the 
Boston Symphony Orchestra, furnished the instrumental support. 

The Lawn Fete of Tuesday evening on the Campus, now an in- 
stitution of three years' standing, proved itself a unique and most 
delightful feature of the Commencement season. It takes the 
place of the older fraternity receptions, and furnishes the great 
occasion when the whole College, town, Faculty, alumni, visitors, 
and patrons mingle together, forming and renewing acquaintance- 
ship. A notable feature of this occasion was the display and 
presentation to the College of a newly designed flag of Amherst 
College. 

At the Commencement exercises on Wednesday the following 
were the speakers: — 



46 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

George Noyes Slayton, of Morrisville, Vt.: "The Legacy of 
Greece." 

George Bruner Parks, of Brooklyn, N.Y.: "The Making of 
Gods and Men." 

Waldo Shumway, of Brooklyn, N. Y. : " China, and the Coming 
Civilization." 

Frederick Julius Pohl, of Brooklyn, N.Y.: "The Soul of John 
Brown." 

Laurens Hickok Seelye, of Wooster, Ohio: "The Test of 
Religion." 

The Bond Prize for Commencement oration, as also the Hyde 
Prize in Public Speaking, was awarded to the last named, Mr. 
Seelye, who is a grandson of President Julius H. Seelye. 

A notable feature of the Commencement occasion was the 
presentation to the College of four portraits of distinguished 
alumni, with the accompanying speeches. These were: — 

Daniel Bliss, of 1852: presentation speech by Talcott Williams, 
of '73. 

Elijah P. Harris, of 1855: presentation speech by Professor 
G. G. Pond, of '81. 

William James Rolfe, of 1849: presentation speech by his son, 
Professor Rolfe. 

Horace Maynard, of 1838: presentation speech by Professor 
Edwin A. Grosvenor, of '67. 

Of these eminent sons of Amherst more account will be given 
in later numbers of The Quarterly. 

Of the honorary degrees conferred at Commencement, the 
best account will be in the words of President Harris, in the cere- 
mony of investiture: — 

Paul Underwood Kellogg, editor of a journal interpreting 
and inciting the scheme of social betterment and progress through- 
out the country; director of the social analysis of the city of 
Pittsburg, the result filling several volumes, an undertaking of 
decided advantage to the city. He is enthusiastically devoted 
to the social welfare. I confer on you the honorary degree of 
Master of Arts. 

Frederick Ernest Emrich, minister of Congregational 
churches, secretary of the Massachusetts Home Missionary So- 
ciety; a Biblical scholar, a wise counsellor, a leader, a helper, an 



THE COMMENCEMENT SEASON 47 

upbuilder of the churches. I confer on you the honorary degree 
of Doctor of Divinity. 

Henry Stockbridge, of tlie Class of 1877, member of the 
Fifty-first Congress; judge of the Supreme Bench of Baltimore, 
now judge of the Court of Appeals of Maryland; member of 
various societies of national and international law and of his- 
torical and geographical associations; devoted to public service, 
distinguished in many offices of high trust for wisdom and in- 
tegrity. I confer on you the honorary degree of Doctor of 
Laws. 

Isaac Newton Mills, of the Class of 1874, judge of the court 
of Westchester, N.Y., 1884-95; justice of the Supreme Court of 
the State of New York for the term 1907-19^20; a sagacious and 
upright judge, filling an important position in the judiciary branch 
of government with dignity and honor. I confer on you the 
honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. 

Walter Wyman, of the Class of 1870, surgeon-general of the 
United States Public Health and Marine Hospital Service. He 
has administration of the national quarantine law and establish- 
ments. He has devoted special attention to the prevention of 
disease, and in general to the public health. He is an officer of 
national societies, as the American Red Cross, the American 
Public Health Association, and of international societies, as the 
Pan-American Medical Congress and the International Medical 
Congress. He renders a service to humanity than which there 
can be none greater. I confer on you the honorary degree of 
Doctor of Laws. 

For the body of alumni here at reunion the culminating event 
of the Commencement season, of course, is the xA.lumni Dinner 
in the Gymnasium. The number of principal speakers this year 
was limited to two, Starr J. Murphy, Esq., of 1881, a distinguished 
lawyer of New York, and Daniel F. Kellogg, of 1886, financial 
editor of the New York Sun, both of whom gave exceptionally 
weighty and inspiring addresses. From the number of most able 
speakers, however, must by no means be omitted President 
Harris, showing by his reports and announcements the steadfast 
worth and cheering outlooks of Amherst; and the very efficient 
toastmaster, Edward H. Fallows, Esq., of 1886, also a distin- 
guished New York lawyer. The latter, who as a student was 



48 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

intimately connected with college activities both literary and 
athletic, introduced some features which evinced his hearty ap- 
preciation of the undergraduate mind. One was an itemized 
record of the Seniors who in the intercollegiate sports of the track, 
football and baseball teams, had during their course won the 
college "A." Another, which the alumni found at their plates, 
was an elegantly printed pamphlet in which Mr. Fallows had, 
with generous pains, compiled a selection from the editorials of 
the year's Amherst Student, showing the marked soundness and 
wisdom of the best college sentiment, as thus proved in their own 
words. We happen to have heard since, in an indirect way, what 
encouragement this thoughtful compilation gave in the quarters 
to which it belongs. "Now I must make good!" was the de- 
lighted remark of one of these editors to the one person who could 
best share his joy. And he will. 

Of the much-discussed '85 memorial, and the weighty and 
judicious answer to it on the part of trustees and Faculty, a full 
report is already in the hands of the alumni. Their substantial 
response to it, in the measures they have taken for the increased 
efficiency of the College, will be found reported on a later page, 
in the Acts and Resolves of the Trustees. 

Besides the things they record, three noteworthy gifts to the 
College are to be added, in testimony of the noble loyalty of the 
alumni of Old Amherst: — 

The Pratt Memorial Dormitory, given by IVIr. and Mrs. Charles 
M. Pratt in memory of their late son Morris Pratt, who was a 
member of the Class of 1911. As we go to press, the building, 
following a very handsome design by the architect Charles A. 
Rich, is already well under way. 

The Clyde Fitch Memorial, given by his parents in memory 
of the dramatist Clyde Fitch of 1886, a fund of $20,000 
for the advancement of interest in dramatic art in Amherst 
College. 

A gift amounting to $750, given by his former students to 
Professor William L. Cowles, of the Latin Department, to aid in 
the furtherance of his work, in recognition of his thirty years' ser- 
vice as teacher in Amherst College. 

The prize trophy for the largest percentage of attendance at 
class reunion, as announced by Harold I. Pratt of 1900, was 



REVIEW OF THE FOOTBALL SEASON OF 1910 49 

awarded to the Class of 1896, who out of a menibershi]> of 133 
reported an attendance of 85, or G3.9 per cent. They had come 
near securing the trophy five years ago, but were barely surpassed, 
to their delight as truly as to that of all, by the fifty-year class 
of that reunion. 



REVIEW OF THE FOOTBALL SEASON OF 1910 

BY DR. PAUL C. PHILLIPS 

THE football season of 1910 was a superlative argument 
against the Jeremiahs who prate of a loss of college spirit 
at Amherst. 

When Coach Hobbs, Manager McCague, and Captain Camp- 
bell first conferred on the situation, they faced a squad reduced by 
the first application of the Freshman rule and composed largely 
of light men, a set of playing rules containing many changes, 
and, lastly, a hard schedule in which the Dartmouth and Williams 
games were separated by only a week. That under such adverse 
conditions they developed a team of which the College was justly 
proud speaks well for their ability and persistence. 

Much of the success of the season was due to the judgment 
displayed in planning the campaign. Having decided that the win- 
ning of the Williams game was their prime object, the condition- 
ing of the men and the development of the team were shaped 
accordingly. Coach Hobbs (Yale, 1910) early gave evidence 
that he not only knew all departments of the game practically, 
but could teach it to the players. His selection as coach reflected 
great credit on those alumni members of the Athletic Board who 
had the matter in charge. 

He took great pains to drill the squad in the fundamentals 
at the start, conditioned them with good judgment, and was 
careful to guard against injuries. As the season advanced, the 
team-play was developed with a thorough appreciation of the 
possibilities and limitations of the men and the style of play 
they would have to face. Throughout the season, by word and 
deed, Coach Hobbs taught the men to play clean though hard 
football. His spirit was pervasive, and to him more than any 



50 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

one else the success of the season is due. The team commenced 
to show the effect of this work in their opening game, when they 
defeated Norwich University. The tie game with the Springfield 
Training School, three days later, was commendable, as the Spring- 
field team was heavy and fast, and came to Amherst confident 
of victory. 

It was not until the Wesleyan game, however, that the team 
really showed its growing gaining ability. It outrushed and out- 
played its opponents markedly, and would have bettered the 3-0 
score but for the superb kicking of Bacon of Wesleyan. 

Minor accidents kept Captain Campbell, Miles, and Sibley 
out of the Harvard game. Consequently, the team went to Cam- 
bridge with no hope of winning against the best team of the year. 
In this game Roberts, the brilliant right end, in making a spec- 
tacular run, sustained a fracture of one of the bones of his leg 
which prevented his playing the rest of the season and crip- 
pled the team. 

The Bowdoin victory was disappointing, but a week later the 
team defeated Worcester P. I. in a well-played game, 23-0. 

The Dartmouth game at Hanover, November 5, showed the 
team at the acme of its development both in mastery of plays 
and in physical condition. That it held the strong, heavy Dart- 
mouth to a 3-3 score for the first two quarters evidenced this and 
aroused the enthusiasm of three hundred Amherst supporters. 
The final score was 15-3. 

The difficult task of holding a team on edge for a week after 
a gruelling contest and saving them from injuries tested the 
resourcefulness of Coach Hobbs. With the help of Captain 
Campbell and the advice of John Hubbard, '07, he was success- 
ful to the extent that the Williams team was decisively defeated 
on Pratt Field before thirty-five hundred spectators, 9-0, thus 
closing impressively a satisfactory season. 

Prominent among the agencies which made for the success 
of the 'varsity team was the development of a strong "scrub," 
composed largely of Freshmen, who not only furnished good 
practice for the first team, but were developed for the succeeding 
season. 

Mention should also be made of the able management of 
Manager McCague, who conducted the business matters of the 



REVIEW OF THE BASEBALL SEASON OF 1911 51 

association in a masterly way, adjusted all difficulties with tact, 
and at the end of the season turning over a gratifying balance 
to the Athletic Board. 

The outlook for the season of 1911 is promising. The material 
in 1914 has been tried out, and is good. The first year of the 
Freshman rule has been weathered without incident, and Coach 
Savage, Yale, '12, who succeeds Mr. Hobbs, is counted on to 
carry forward his good work. 

Schedule of Games, Season of 1910. 

Amherst . .17 Norwich Univ. Amherst . . Bowdoin . . 3 

Amherst . . Sp'f d T. S. . Amherst . . 23 W. P. I. . . . 

Amherst . . 3 Wesleyan . . Amherst . . 3 Dartmouth . 15 

Amherst . . Harvard ... 17 Amherst . . 9 WilHams . . 



REVIEW OF THE BASEBALL SEASON OF 1911 

THE prospects of the Baseball Association were athletically 
little brighter than those of its sister organization when 
the season opened. The graduation of Captain Jube and 
of Henry and McClure, the star battery for several years, left a 
vacancy that it seemed impossible to fill. While five good men 
of the old team were left, talent to fill the other places seemed 
scarce, and in particular the development of a battery to replace 
that of 1910 was a far cry. A new outfield was also needed. 

After cage work from February 18 and a Southern trip, 
March 24 to April 4, on which three games were won and four 
lost, the outlook was scarcely more encouraging. 

Beginning with their return North, the results of Coach 
Breckenridge's early work became apparent in the steady im- 
provement of the team. Vernon, who for two years had pitched 
under the shadow of McClure, came forward with leaps and 
bounds. Thompson and Bryan rose to the situation as catchers, 
and Kimball and Strahan of 1914 developed as outfielders. Quain- 
tance of the same class improved markedly as a pitcher, and Fitts 
proved an acquisition in centre field. But the greatest gain 
was in team play. Steadied by a veteran infield, with Captain 
Pennock in his old position at short, the team commenced to 



52 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

play together surprisingly. After defeating the Training School, 
2-0, and being beaten by the strong Holy Cross team, 5-3, they 
administered a crushing defeat to Wesleyan, 10-0. A defeat by 
Lafayette, with Long in the box, May 5, was not unexpected, but 
the 9-2 victory for Harvard at Cambridge five days later came 
as a surprise, and showed that the team had still something to 
learn. On May 17, in the best home game of the season, Amherst 
defeated Williams on Pratt Field, 2-1. The next week Yale was 
defeated at New Haven, 2-0, and seven days later Williams for 
the second time in the season, 11-6. This later victory is notable, 
as it was the first Memorial Day game which Amherst had 
won at Williamstown for ten years. Time fails us to speak 
of the 11-2 victory over Princeton and the 2-1 defeat given 
Brown. 

A slump occurred from June 10 to 17, during which Brown, 
M. A. C, and Syracuse succeeded in getting the upper hand, but 
the team recovered, and handily defeated Dartmouth in the Com- 
mencement game. 

In all the team won nine out of fifteen games in the regular 
series, including matches with some of the Eastern college clubs, — 
a commendable record for a team with few individual stars and 
weak batting ability. Such a showing is significant of what may 
be accomplished by careful selection and coaching and good team 
spirit in a team of only average native ability. It should lead 
any management to face a seemingly hopeless situation with more 
equanimity. 

To Vernon's superb pitching the Amherst victories must be 
most largely ascribed, but the support he received was in general 
excellent and materially contributed to those successes. 

Manager Boyer planned his schedule with care, and showed 
his sagacity in every business detail connected with his office. 
He earned the respect of fellow-students and Faculty alike from 
his able management of the association, for the successes of which 
he deserves great credit. 

It may be of interest to note in this connection that Coach 
Breckenridge, who for several years has coached Amherst base- 
ball teams successfully, has been engaged by Annapolis. 

The Athletic Board has been fortunate in securing as his 
successor Mr. A. W. Stuart, Amherst '86, who was captain of 



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THE PRESENT ATHLETIC SITUATION 



53 



the nine while in college, has coached almost continuously since, 
and been a student of baseball always. He will take up his 
duties February 1, 1912. 



Baseball Scores, 1911 



Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

U. of N. C. 

Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

U. of Penn 

Amherst 
Amherst 
Amherst 



N. C. A. & M 
Trinity . . . 
Trinity . . . 
U. of N. C. , 

U. of V. . . 
U. of V. . . 

U. S. N. A. 



2 Brown 
1 1 Princeton 
1 Syracuse 
Amherst 



2 
. 4 
. 

1 
Rain 
. 2 

2 



Rain 



Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

Amherst 

Penn. State 

Amherst 



1 Amherst 

2 Amherst 
2 Amherst 

2 Dartmouth 



2 Sp'f'd T. S. 

3 Holy Cross . 

10 Wesleyan 

Lafayette . 

2 Harvard . . 

2 WilHams 

2 Yale . . . 

11 Williams 

Brown . . 
M. A. C. . 

6 Dartmouth 



. 
. 3 
. 9 
1 
. 
Rain 
. 6 

. 6 
. 1 
. 1 



THE PRESENT ATHLETIC SITUATION 



BY RICHARD F. NELLIGAN 



THE records of the Intercollegiate Amateur Athletic Asso- 
ciation of America, which brings together the greatest 
number of college athletes in the world, show that Amherst 
stands eighth among the thirty-four universities and colleges 
that have competed, being surpassed only by Harvard, Yale, 
Pennsylvania, Columbia, Cornell, Princeton, and Syracuse. In 
the meetings of the New England Intercollegiate Athletic Asso- 
ciation, founded in 1887 and consisting of thirteen universities 
and colleges, Dartmouth has w^on eleven times, Williams three, 
Massachusetts Institute of Technology one, Bowdoin one, Brown 
one-half, and Amherst eight and one-half times. 

It is only fair to mention that Amherst would now have nine 
and one-half wins to her credit, and Dartmouth ten, had not a 
member of the Amherst Physical Department accidentally dis- 
covered at the 1910 meet that one member of his team, who had 
accepted some remuneration for helping coach a high -school 



54 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

football team the year before, was technically inehgible. He 
insisted accordingly that the ten points which otherwise would 
have been won must not count for Amherst in that meet. Had 
this action not been taken, Amherst would be holding the cup. 

With such close rivalry, which necessitates that our teams 
be as strong as possible, it is clear that the demands of scholar- 
ship must be recognized, otherwise much excellent material 
cannot be used. The department rigidly maintains that studies 
ought to come first. With the requirements now prevailing at 
Amherst, it is the fault of the men, if they fail to make the 
teams. 

The highest type of athlete is the sprinter,— the thorough- 
bred of men. So delicately is he adjusted that the slightest 
falling off in physical condition oftens means the loss of a cham- 
pionship. While a sprinter will often make a good jumper, 
hurdler, or pole vaulter, he should never be allowed to engage in 
football, because he is far more susceptible to severe injury, 
owing to his great speed and lighter limbs. The College lost 
the services of one of its finest athletes last year because of in- 
juries a sprinter suffered in football. 

TRACK ATHLETICS 

Recognizing that a good, all-round development and a high 
standard of health are the key to success in track and other sports, 
the department two years ago instituted a course in track 
athletics. 

This work consists of a study of technique in the various 
events combined with running, jumping, weight-throwing, hurd- 
ling, etc. In addition the men are given developing work on the 
chest weights and on other apparatus for the purpose of all-round 
development. 

Many men who have no hope of making a team take this work 
because they like the exercise; and, furthermore, the work is so 
graded that they are attracted to it by the light competition and 
the fun of running in the short dashes. 

This work requires large space and good ventilation. Better 
results could be attained if the Gymnasium were larger and fur- 
nished with jumping and vaulting pits. This could be done by 



THE PRESENT ATHLETIC SITUATION OO 

extending the building fifty or more feet to the east and remodel- 
ling the basement. 

The most notable athletic performance of a member of the 
track team was the work of D. B. Young, '11, who won first in 
the 100-yard and 220-yard and 440-yard dashes in the dual meet 
with Williams, won the 100-yard and 220-yard dashes at the 
New England Intercollegiate meet, and at the I. C. A. A. meet at 
Cambridge won the 440-yard dash by five yards in 481 seconds, 
equalling the National Intercollegiate record and breaking the 
Amherst record of forty-nine and one-half seconds made by 
Shattuck, '92. 



INTERCLASS CROSS-COUNTRY RUNS 

Interclass cross-country running at Amherst is rapidly coming 
to the front, largely through the influence of a recent graduate 
who, by offering class and individual prizes each year, has en- 
couraged this form of exercise specially desirable for endurance. 

In the final run for 1910 thirty-four men took part, and the 
cup was won by the Class of 1913, while the individual prize was 
taken by the son of a member of the Class of 1885, Cobb of 1913. 

The surrounding country, with its good roads, fields, and water 
jumps, is well adapted to this exercise, and many besides those 
engaging in the final run enjoy the sport for health's sake. 

It may be interesting to some to know that it was while look- 
ing for material for the track team that it occurred to the Physi- 
cal Department there would be some advantage in taking the 
whole Freshman Class to Pratt Field each fall and giving them 
speed trials for distances up to 220 yards. Now the whole class 
meets there, and engages in socker football, basket-ball, running, 
jumping, weight-throwing, etc. 

Members of the track team who have been trained in the fine 
points of the different events act as leaders of the squads; and 
at the beginning and end of the outdoor season the men are tested 
and the results noted, so that each man can see the resultant 
gain in weight, stature, lung capacity, and ability to perform. 
At the same time the young student develops a fondness for life 
in the open at the beginning of his college course, which should 
be of inestimable value to him throughout his life. 



56 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

BASEBALL 

Amherst holds a unique place in the hall of baseball fame. 
All alumni should know that the first intercollegiate game of 
baseball was played between Williams and Amherst, and was 
won by Amherst. The identical ball used in this game is one of 
a remarkable collection of baseballs won from other teams which 
may be seen in the trophy room at Pratt Gymnasium. 

For nineteen years now one branch of athletics has been in 
the hands of the Physical Department at Amherst, and it is the 
conviction of the department that the training and coaching of 
all college teams should be under its management. 

The first consideration with the Amherst Physical Department 
is that every student in College shall improve his health by ju- 
dicious exercise and recreation; and therefore more time is spent 
in caring for those who need exercise most than in the prepara- 
tion of athletes, many of whom are already strong. This care of 
the average student has in numerous cases been the means both 
of developing fine athletes and of promoting a more general dis- 
tribution of sport. For pure sport and exercise combined the 
inter-fraternity baseball league accomplishes more for the student 
body than does the work of the 'varsity nine. In short, it may 
be said that the department at Amherst is founded upon the prin- 
ciple of the greatest good for the greatest number. 

FOOTBALL 

Football, since its reformation, may now be played with 
reasonable safety by men of rugged physique. The Physical 
Department at Amherst considers the physical condition of foot- 
ball players as important as the condition of men in the other 
sports. It is practically impossible for one man to teach the fine 
points of football and at the same time care for the physical 
welfare of each player. Consequently, most colleges rely on the 
judgment and decision of the trainer as to the physical condi- 
tion of the player, and on the coach for the plays and forma- 
tions. While the oversight of the Amherst players' physical 
condition has been placed in the care of a committee of two, 
one of whom is the college physician, the coaches should recog- 



THE PRESEXT ATHLETIC SITUATION 57 

nize more fully and without resentment that the trainer's word is 
final, and that, no matter how much a victory is desired in the ex- 
citement over the game and the desire to win at all hazards, the 
health of the player must never be risked. 



TENNIS 

Considering the number of men in the College, the oppor- 
tunities for playing tennis are greater than in any other American 
college. Each of the thirteen fraternities has a well-cared-for 
court, and in addition there are fine courts on Pratt Field. 

After the elimination contests, games are played with other 
colleges, and Amherst men are always prominent in the games 
with other college teams. Johnston, '13, w^on for the first time 
for Amherst the New England Intercollegiate Tennis champion- 
ship in singles at Longwood in May. 

Results of Tennis ]VL\tches, Season of 1911 

Amherst . 3 Dartmouth. . 3 Amherst . . 4 Wesleyan . . 2 

Amherst . 6 Trinity ... Amherst . . 3 Williams . . 3 

Amherst . Yale .... 6 Amherst . . 2 U. of Minn. . 1 



HOCKEY 

The skating rink with its bungalow is one of the best of its kind, 
and is used by nearly every man in College. Aside from the gen- 
eral skating for pleasure, the hockey team engages in games ^\ith 
other colleges. 

The inter-class hockey games, as well as skating in general, 
are pleasant features of the winter season. 

Results of Hockey Games, Season of 1910-11 



Amherst 


. 


Harvard . . 


. 10 


Amherst . 


5 Trinity . . 


. 2 


Amherst 


. 3 


Sp'f'd. T. S. 


. 7 


Amherst 


. M. A. C. . 


. 1 


Amherst 


. 2 


West Point 


. 


Amherst 


1 Williams 


. 1 


Amherst 


. 2 


Williams 


. 









58 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

SWIMMING 

At the opening of the Pratt Natatorium, one of the best 
appointed in America, the following statement was made by the 
donor: "I believe it essential that every one should be able to 
swim well enough to help himself, and possibly others in case of 
necessity. To accomplish this, the Natatorium has been built." 

As is generally known, an Amherst man must pass a satis- 
factory examination in swimming before he receives his degree 
unless for some physical reason he is excused by the physician 
of the College. Less than three per cent, of the last graduating 
class failed to pass the test. The inter-class swimming meet 
which was held in January was won by the Class of 1913. 

In the relay race ten men from each class took part, and 
besides these forty men many others were tried out, so that the 
net gain to swimming was very satisfactory to the department. 
From these forty men the college swimming team, consisting 
of thirteen men, was selected. 

The team lost to Columbia and the University of the City of 
New York in a triangular meet. They were also beaten by 
Brown and Williams in dual meets, and ended the season by tying 
Williams and defeating Brown in a triangular meet. 

While from a competitive standpoint the success of the team 
was not all that could be desired, from the point of view of the 
benefits to the men, and the number interested and taking part, 
the department was highly gratified. 

SQUASH RACQUETS 

The game of squash racquets has a strong hold on the students 
and Faculty. The value of this game, from a recreative and all- 
round exercise standpoint, and also of handball which is played 
in the same courts, cannot be overestimated. The number of men 
taking part is very large, and a tournament is played every year for 
the college championship. It is pleasant to hear the crack of the 
racquet in the courts from morning till night; for the sound speaks 
eloquently of the ideal that actuates us in all the work of the Phys- 
ical Department, — good health of body and mind, and an opportu- 
nity to cultivate it of which no man need fail to avail himself. 



THE PRESENT ATHLETIC SITUATION 



59 



AMHERST FOOTBALL SCHEDULE, 1911 

September 30. Springfield Training School At Amherst 

October 7. Wesleyan University At Amherst 

October 14. Trinity At Hartford 

October 21. Harvard At Cambridge 

October 28. Norwich University At Amherst 

November 4. Dartmouth At Amherst 

November 1 1 . Worcester Polytechnic Institute At Amherst 

November 18. Williams At Williamstown 

Captain. Manager. 

J. H. Maddex, 1912. R. B. Hall, 1912. 

Coach. Assistant Manager. 

Edward Savage, Yale. F. S. Collins, 1913. 



60 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



OPENING OF THE YEAR 

A MHERST COLLEGE began its ninety-first year on Sep- 
l\ tember 2L All members of the Faculty are on the ground, 
-^ ^- and in excellent health, with the exception of Professor 
Kimball, who is still detained at Saranac Lake. There have been 
a few changes in the Faculty. Mr. William I. Fletcher resigned 
as Otis Librarian last July, and is succeeded by his son, Mr. 
Robert S. Fletcher ('97). Professor Churchill has come back to 
us after a sabbatical year. Mr. Walter P. Hall, of the History 
Department, is taking a year of graduate work at Columbia, and 
his place is filled by Mr. Eugene H. Byrne, a graduate of the 
University of Wisconsin and a graduate student of the University 
of Pennsylvania. Mr. Cresse, Instructor in Mathematics, has 
gone to Middlebury College as Assistant Professor, and Mr. 
Charles W. Cobb ('97), who has been away for a year at the 
University of Michigan, resumes his work in the department, 
with the rank of Assistant Professor. Mr. Goodrich ('09), Assist- 
ant in Biology, has gone, and the position is filled by Mr. Young 
('11). Mr. George B. Parks ('11) has been appointed Assistant 
Registrar. 

The student enrolment is as follows: — 

Seniors ... 98 Sophomores . . 112 
Juniors .... 121 Freshmen . . . 134 

It should be noted that thirty have entered this year by present- 
ing Greek, the largest number for many years. In this many 
will see a sign of a marked reaction toward a modified form of 
the old-fashioned classical training. 

A week has now passed. The excitement and confusion of the 
first days are subsiding. The new men have been introduced to 
college life in its manifold forms by the assiduous attention of 
the fraternities and at the Christian Association ralty. The 
football squad is practising faithfully, the musical and dramatic 
associations are scheduling trials, and competition is everywhere 
in the air. In the midst of all these natural and healthful activi- 



OPENING OF THE YEAR Gl 

ties there is every evidence that the purpose for which the Col- 
lege was founded is to be pushed into the foreground with in- 
creasing emphasis, and this not merely as a consequence of 
more rigorous requirements by the college authorities, but, there 
is good reason to believe, with the hearty co-operation of students 
as well. 

Amherst was born September 19, 1821. The College is to-day 
a nonagenarian, rejoicing in the full tide of youth and possessing 
an unshakable confidence that every succeeding birthday will 
bring cause for greater joy. 

George D, Olds, 



62 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



^bt Inok ©abb 



Some Recent Books by Alumni. — The object of this sec- 
tion of The Quarterly may well be indicated by these words of 
Charles Alexander Nelson in the Columbia University Quarterly: 
"As the years after graduation roll by, what are the chief ques- 
tions regarding classmates that come to the mind of an alumnus 
most frequently? Are they not something like these? What 
have the fellows been doing? What is the literary record of my 
classmates?" The following are a few of the books that have 
been written by Amherst graduates in the last two years : — 

1901 

The Life and Letters of Martin Luther. By Preserved Smith, Ph.D. (Class 
of 1901). With illustrations. Houghton MiflBin Company. 1911. $3.50 net. 

The Life and Letters of Martin Lidher, by Preserved Smith, Ph.D., which 
appeared last May from the press of Houghton MiflBin Company, is a substantial 
volume of 490 pages, handsomely bound in dark red cloth, with a gilt impression 
of Luther's seal on the front cover. It contains seventeen full-page illustrations, 
and one notes, what ought to be true of all historical works, that the sources from 
which they are obtained, when not obvious, are explicitly indicated. Except a 
few from recent photographs, they are all drawn from contemporary sources, the 
four portraits of Luther and the one of his wife, Catharine von Bora, being from 
paintings or etchings of the reformer's friend, Lucas Cranach. In keeping with 
the thoroughly scientific character of the book, there are no reproductions of works 
of the imagination. Considerable information and a few documents, of special 
value to the student, are given in the appendix, which consists of three sections, 
the first containing chronological tables, the second bibliographies, and the third 
a reprint of three letters and a registry of a number of others which are not to 
be found in the recent edition by Enders and Kawerau. 

The author of this scholarly and attractive volume is a son of the Rev. Henry 
Preserved Smith, formerly of Amherst College and now of Meadville Theological 
Seminary, and was graduated from Amherst in the Class of 1901. He studied 
later at Columbia University, where he began his special researches in the period 
of the Reformation. In 1907 he published his doctoral dissertation, a critical 
study of "Luther's Table-talk," — the sayings of the reformer as taken down by 
his intimate friends and table companions, — a work which remains the most thor- 
ough monograph on that subject. In the same year he was appointed to the 
Kellogg Fellowship, of which he is still the incumbent, and since then he has 
devoted himself unreservedly to a continuation of his Luther studies. These 



THEBOOKTABLE 63 

he has carried on mostly in the libraries and archives of Europe until this year, 
when he returned to lecture at Amherst, as required by the terms of his Fellow- 
ship. Even before the publication of the present volume he had acquired con- 
siderable reputation as an expert Luther scholar. He has contributed articles or 
reviews concerning Luther or the Reformation to the Biblical World, the American 
Journal of Theology, the American and English Historical Revieics, and the Zeit- 
schriff fiir Kirchengeschichte, and he is to edit the Luther material in the new 
Encyclopaedia of Original Documents to be published by the Columbia Lniversity 
Press under the general direction of Professors Giddings and Shotwell. He also 
wrote the lives of several of the popes for the recent edition of the Encyclopaedia 
Britannica. 

It is now almost a truism that history needs constantly to be rewritten. Not 
only is the view-point of each generation different from that of the preceding, but 
investigations, carried on by an army of enthusiastic workers, are continually 
bringing to light new material and incidentally making the older works more or 
less obsolete. This is particularly true of Luther's life, concerning which a host 
of articles, monographs, and other publications have recently appeared, throwing 
new light upon the subject and in some cases materially altering the older views. 
A new biography of the reformer, based, as is the present one, upon a careful 
study of the sources and upon the results of recent research, was -therefore much 
needed, especially by English readers, as most of the Luther literatiu'e is in 
German which has not been translated. 

The story is told in a clear, vigorous, and interesting style, uncommonly free 
from repetition, discursiveness, and vagueness. With a fine grasp of the subject 
the author goes straight to the heart of the matter, and states his conclusions in 
brief, clear-cut, terse sentences. The narrative is markedly critical and authori- 
tative, and there are frequent references, both in the text and the foot-notes, to 
the sources. 

It is especially in reference to Luther's early development that the older books 
are now out of date. Koestlin's biography, for example, even the fifth edition of 
1903, begins his career as a reformer virtually with the protest against indul- 
gences in 1517, whereas it is now known that he had attained much earlier than 
this not only his fundamental religious views, but also many of his ideas with 
regard to needed practical reforms. This has been made clear by several new 
sources, above all by the manuscript copy of the reformer's lectures on Paul's 
Epistle to the Romans, written in 1515-16, which was found a few years ago in 
the Royal Library at Berlin, and which Dr. Smith speaks of as "a great human 
document, priceless for its biographical interest." 

Perhaps the most valuable feature of the present volume is the fulness with 
which it presents Luther's personality, — his inner life, his manner of speaking and 
writing, his likes and dislikes, and his intimate relations with his friends and the 
members of his family. To this end the author has drawn freely upon the re- 
former's own writings. Copious extracts from his most eminent works and from 
the "Table-talk," together with a large number of his letters, have been trans- 
lated and woven into the narrative in such a way that to a considerable extent 
Luther tells his own story and incidentally reveals very fully his own character. 
The letters and the "Table-talk" form his "unconscious autobiography." No 



G4 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

such complete self-revelation, Dr. Smith thinks, exists elsewhere in literature, not 
even in the writings of Pepys, Cellini, or Rousseau. The letters are written, 
just as their author talked, with straightforwardness, fearlessness, graphic power, 
and often with jovial wit. They reveal not only their author's great virtues, his 
largeness of heart and his unselfish devotion to duty, but also his faults, his im- 
moderate language— at times violent, insulting, even coarse and scurrilous — and 
his spirit of intolerance towards those who disagreed with him, even though they 
were noble-souled fellow-reformers, such as Erasmus and Zwingli. It should not 
be forgotten, however, that coarseness and scurrility were characteristic of those 
times, and that Luther's intolerance was the result of his uncompromising loyalty 
to the truth as he saw it revealed in the Bible. His chief mistakes are also clearly 
set before us, — his incitement of the princes to a ruthless slaughter of the rebellious 
peasants and his sanction of the bigamy of Philip of Hesse. New light has been 
thrown on the latter by the researches of Dr. Rockwell, who has shown that it 
was then the prevailing view among Protestants and Catholics alike that bigamy 
was preferable to divorce. Luther's advice to the prince to avoid scandal by 
denying the facts also admits of some extenuation, yet the affair will always 
remain, thinks the author, "the greatest blot" on the reformer's career. 

Luther's mistakes, however, appear of small moment when put beside his 
enormous services to civilization. Even the fact that the sledge-hammer blows, 
with which he shattered the mediaeval Church, also set Europe aflame with wars, 
should not obscure his enduring work. For he gave to posterity, writes Dr. Smith 
in summing up his career, "the German Bible and a great volume of poetry and 
prose which has permanently enriched the world. Luther was, indeed, — the point 
must be repeated, — the founder of a new culture." 

As a whole, the work merits very high praise. It is characterized through- 
out by exact scholarship, an admirable style, and a judicious temper. It seems 
to be completely free from religious bias. It throws a flood of light upon Luther's 
personality at every stage of his career and from many points of view. More- 
over, the numerous contemporary documents which it presents introduce the 
reader to the atmosphere of that age, and make him, as it were, an eye-witness of 
the stirring drama of which the Wittenberg professor was the centre. 

H. P. G.\LLINGER. 

1876 

The Education of a Music Lover. By Edward Dickinson (Class of 1876), 
Professor of the History and Criticism of Music in Oberlin College. Charles 
Scribner's Sons. 1911. 

Professor Dickinson has successfully met a difficult task. He begins his pref- 
ace by saying, "This book is an attempt to interpret music to those who already 
love it upon slight acquaintance and desire the fuller enjoyment that comes with 
larger knowledge." Hence his audience determines naturally the form and method 
of his book: he must assume readers so little skilled in music and its materials that 
they do not yet know of what they are ignorant. Wishing to instruct them in 
details that will inevitably seem dry, he must inspire and attract them by glimpses 
of the larger field beyond, or they might close the book and go to the concert in 
contented ignorance, the more hopeless because voluntarily chosen. He often is 



THEBOOKTABLE 65 

compelled to use descriptions in untechnical words where a writer who assumes 
a skilled reader could gain speed by the use of a brief terminology having definite 
meaning. In all this he has succeeded to a marked degree, and an earnest reader 
will not be likely to lay down the book until he has finished the last chapter. 

The book has five main divisions. The first two chapters set forth present- 
day tendencies in musical education (especially as related to the recognition of 
music as a great expressive literature), exemplified, for instance, in the courses in 
"musical appreciation" being offered in many schools and colleges and the need 
of the music-lover for definite education. The next three chapters describe the 
materials actually to be found in music, — form, melody and rhythm, and harmony, 
■ — not presented didactically, but all viewed from the side of their contribution to 
the beauty of an art. There follow three chapters telling the student what to look 
for in the performance of a pianist or a singer, these being taken as essentially 
typical of all musical performance. In the next two chapters (and this portion 
ends the body of the book) there is a serious discussion of the inner content and 
meaning of music, which we may regard as a noteworthy contribution to musical 
literature and indeed to all art literature. In these two chapters on "The Problem 
of Expression: Representative Music," and "Musical History and Biography," 
the author shows keenness of insight, power of analysis, and knowledge of the 
psychology of art. These chapters are a conclusive demonstration of the value 
of music in education and in life. The fact that a man of such calibre is devoting 
himself to the furtherance of musical education is itself a human document almost 
making unnecessary the concluding chapter, "The Music-lover and the Higher 
Law." This chapter is an apologetic, defending the art of music against the 
charge of triviality and purposelessness. For himself the author would feel no 
need of such a defence, but he recognizes that the student, especially the non- 
performing music student, must often meet such criticism, and he proposes to arm 
his disciples beforehand. 

The book throughout is earnest and serious, yet there is an undercurrent of 
humor that gives brightness to its style and that will often delight the musician, 
especially when some cheap professional claptrap is attacked. 

It is an interesting coincidence that such a book by an Amherst alumnus 
appears just as our thoughts are being directed to the cultural side of education, 
and that its writer was here in the days before vocational education was so much 
in vogue. It may be that what is sometimes called the "new Amherst" is, after 
all, only the "old Amherst" reawakening in response to a call that comes from the 
needs of present-day movements. H. W. Kiddek. 

1894 

Theology and Human Problems. By Eugene William Lyman, D.D. (Class 
of 1894). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 

The day is long past for any respectable thinker to pay heed to Macaulay's 
oracular dictum that theology is not a progressive science. The thing may have 
seemed true in his time, and to one so color-blind to the spiritual as was he. It 
requires the abysmal shallowness (excuse the paradox) of an Elbert Hubbard to 
see it so now. Dr. Lyman's book proves the contrary by marching in the fore- 



66 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

front of progress. In language and illustration eminently clear, pointed, and trans- 
parent, it brings the working philosophy of theology up to date, thus doing much 
to place it, where our age has been too slow to see it belongs, among the practical 
and verifiable sciences. 

There are human problems and problems. A casual glance at the title might 
lead one to anticipate some application of theology to the questions social, in- 
dustrial, economic, which have become the veritable obsession of our bewildered 
time. Its object is far more fundamental and therefore in the long run more ser- 
viceable. The book, which is the Nathaniel William Taylor Lectures given in 
1909-10 before the Divinity School of Yale University, calls itself "a comparative 
study of absolute idealism and pragmatism as interpreters of religion." As such, 
we may be sure Professor Garman, had he lived, would have rejoiced to see how 
one of his most esteemed disciples approaches and clarifies the movement, now 
filling the philosophic mind, which came into the field too late for him to tackle. 

By a kind of intertwined plan, in which three leading "highways of thought" 
and the paramount problems that confront the human soul are made successively 
to intersect with one another, the author has devised a skilful means of showing 
both the excellences and the limitations of prevailing philosophic systems in their 
practical applications to the religious life. It is much the same method employed 
by Rudolf Eucken on his larger scale in his book, "The Problem of Human Life," 
which our readers will remember received the Nobel prize for literature in 1908. 
These "highways of thought," which are briefly but luminously analyzed in the 
first chapter, are: "the highway of absolute idealism; the highway of the critical 
philosophy, or Kantianism (for that is the one along which the Ritschlian caravan 
is moving); and the highway of pragmatism." It is evident, as the author pro- 
ceeds, that, while not denying or belittling the services of the others, this last 
candidate for favor (pragmatism) is the one for which his book is the advocate, as 
the interpretation of life which not only secures the values of the other two, but 
does most to stop the gaps that they have left. This new philosophy of pragma- 
tism, which holds "that the truth of an idea is to be determined by its fruits for 
life," is, however, frankly acknowledged as a "highway in process of construc- 
tion," and not necessarily final; a report of progress rather, as befits its relation 
to the present stage of evolution, and already rich in vital results. 

Taking up the specific problems in the succeeding chapters and applying to 
them these three solvents in turn, the author first examines "The Experience of the 
Eternal" as represented in "mystical states of consciousness, or in historical reve- 
lation, or in the development of moral personality." In the third chapter, entitled 
"One Increasing Purpose," he next applies his tests of philosophies to: "changes in 
the conception of natural law; the growing universe; and standards of truth and 
value." Finally, in a chapter entitled "Moral Depths and Heights," he deals 
with the unending problem of moral evil, and draws a strong contrast between the 
moral heights of Christian theology to which pragmatism opens the way and the 
vaguely inconclusive conception in which absolute idealism leaves it. It will be 
noted that in this final chapter the Ritschlian via media has virtually disappeared, 
leaving the other two in sharper contrast to each other. Thus the whole book rolls 
up a very marked climax of plea for the new theory to which the present-day 
evolutionary philosophy so strongly inclines. And the style, clean, vigorous, 
abounding in familiar illustrations, is worthy of the subject. J. f. g. 



THE BOOK TABLE 67 

1889 

Cla.ss Teaching and Management. By William Estabrook Chancellor (Class 
of 1889). New York and London: Harper & Brothers. 1910. 

"The purpose of this book is to present the principles of class teaching in re- 
spect both to instruction and to discipline. This treatment of the theory and 
practice of class instruction is intended for use in teachers' reading circles and as 
a text-book in professional schools of education." It is the work of one who in 
many years of experience in the superintendency of schools and in lecturing in 
universities, normal schools, and teachers' institutes has lived intimately with 
every phase of his calling, and has brought to it a mind both analytic and con- 
structive. The highest and purest ideals are always kept in sight, in the convic- 
tion that "teaching is a delightful service, in itself richly worth while, a privilege 
beyond any other privilege among men." 

1899 

Poems. By Emery Pottle (Class of 1899). London: Methuen & Co. 

These poems are like gentle and somewhat reticent escapes of fancy, in the life 
of one who since his graduation has been a busy writer, and no stranger to varied 
and searching experience. Their sentiment is rather delicate than robust, with an 
undertone of wistful but not buoyant religious feeling. The sonnet entitled "The 
Return," p. 96, may be cited as fairly representative: — 

Oft I have spent the sweet, slow afternoon 
Amid the green and gloom of solemn trees, 
Where dwells the forest-heart in ancient ease. 

And marvelled that my soul so blessed the boon 

Of kinship, writ in God's mysterious rune, — 
The pools of gold on leafy, whispering seas. 
The hidden flow'r, the timid night-time breeze. 

The gladness of a little bird's low croon. 

Late through the forest's last dim aisle I go 
Where part the sudden boughs, to mark again 

The towns and traffickers that lie below; 
Full to my lonely heart there surges then 

The cry of them that strive, and striving know 
The grief and glory of a world of men. 

1878 

The Call of the Height.'^. Echoes from the Letter to the Philippians. By Ste- 
phen A. Norton (Class of 1878). Boston, New York, Chicago: The Pilgrim Press. 

In the prevailing unreadableness of Scripture commentaries nowadays, this 
little volume, vigorously and gracefully written, full of the wholesome spirit that 
is struggling for expression in our present-day religion, will be welcome to those in 
whom the love of the Bible is still vital. And the number of these is greater than 
we think. It cannot be that the flood of magazines and novels has swamped the 
desire for such uplifting literature. The beautiful print and binding add to the 
book's attractiveness. 



68 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

1891 

Recruiting for Christ. Hand to Hand Methods with Men. By John Timo- 
thy Stone (Class of 1891, D.D. 1909). Boston, New York, Chicago: Fleming H. 
Revell Co. 

Like Mr. Norton's book just mentioned, this book is, in its way, a healthy sign 
of the times. Full of that spirit of evangelism which never grows old-fashioned, 
yet it is wholly free from the hysterical methods of "got-up" revivalism, as also 
on the other hand from sentimental variations on the more or less disguised theme 
how good it is to be good. The day of these is providentially past. It represents 
the robust religion which is sure enough of itself to be positive and aggressive, — 
the religion which can recommend its values with all the confidence and enthusiasm 
of a man "talking business" to his neighbor. 

1900 

The Lure of the Antique. By Walter A. Dyer (Class of 1900). New York: 
The Century Company. 1910. Illustrated with 159 photographs. 

The zest with which Mr. Dyer, who is on the editorial stafiE of Country Life 
in America, has studied and treated of old furniture, china, silverware, pewter, etc., 
may be felt from the following quotation: "The presence of these old relics of 
bygone days, reminders of the intimate home life of our forefathers, creates for 
most of us a sort of atmosphere that can be more easily recognized than described. 
It is easier for us to picture the pouring of candles into their moulds than the gath- 
ering of the minute-men at Concord. The crackling of the back-log on the old fire- 
dogs is clearer in our ears than the ringing words of Samuel Adams. And to 
associate, day by day, with the household belongings of a past generation is a 
heart-warming and a heart-softening thing. Their influence is subtle, but it 
makes for joy and a chastened pride. It is good for us to set up our tabernacle 
among them." With this underlying feeling the author gives much sound and 
practical information, not omitting wholesome warning against the fakes and 
pitfalls that beset the way of the antique-fancier. "The story is current among 
collectors and dealers of a woman who was brought before a judge in England. 
Upon being asked her husband's business, she replied, 'He's a worm-eater.' 

" 'A what.'' exclaimed the judge. 

"'A worm-eater,' said she. 'He makes worm-holes in an antique furni- 
ture factory.'" 



COMMENCEMENT MEETING OF TRUSTEES 



69 



©fiftml nxxh Prrannal 



MINUTES OF THE COMMENCEMENT MEETING 
OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES 

June 27, 1911 



At the Commencement meeting of 
the Trustees of Amherst College more 
than a quorum of the Board was pres- 
ent, and several votes of general inter- 
est to the alumni were passed. 

The most significant report presented 
was that announcing the completion 
of a fund of $401,000, raised by a com- 
mittee consisting of Messrs. Arthur C. 
James, George A. Plimpton, and George 
Harris, for increasing the salaries of 
professors in Amherst College. Con- 
tributions to the fund have been made 
by the General Education Board 
($75,000) and by ten friends of the 
College. 

In view of this increase in the funds 
of the College it was voted to add 
$500 to the salaries of twenty-one 
professors, making the normal salary 
of a full professor $3,500. 

Announcement was made that Profes- 
sor Gilbert Murray, the distinguished 
Regius Professor of Greek of the Uni- 
versity of Oxford, had accepted an in- 
vitation to come to Amherst next 
spring for the purpose of promoting 
interest in classical studies. This 
notable visit has been made possible 
by the generosity of Messrs. John W. 
Simpson and Frank L. Babbott. A 
special committee of members of the 
trustees and Faculty was appointed 
to take charge of matters pertaining 



to Professor Murray's association with 
the teaching force of the College. 

The trustees approved the location 
of the new dormitory to be erected 
by the generosity of Mr. and Mrs. 
Charles M. Pratt. 

The difficult matter of college com- 
mons was considered, and it was voted 
that commons be continued for the 
next college year, and placed under 
the charge of the Treasurer of the 
College. An appropriation of $500 
was made for improvements in Hitch- 
cock Hall. 

Professors F. L. Thompson and H. C. 
Lancaster were chosen members of 
the Library Committee. 

The question of a club-room for the 
English, Romance, and German De- 
partments was referred to the Com- 
mittee of the Trustees on Buildings 
and Grounds, with power to act. 

Votes of thanks were passed express- 
ing the gratitude of the Board to the 
donors of portraits of Dr. Bliss, Mr. 
Maynard, Dr. Rolfe, and Professor 
Harris. 

Mr. Eugene H. Byrne was appointed 
an instructor in history for one year. 
On recommendation of the Faculty 
the customary degrees in course were 
voted, and conferred at Commence- 
ment. 

(Signed) Willtstox W.^lker, 

Secretary. 



70 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



THE ALUMNI 



THE GENERAL ALUMNI 
ASSOCIATION 

The annual meeting of the Society 
of the Alumni was held in Johnson 
Chapel on June 27. 

The chairman, Professor E. A. Gros- 
venor, vice-president of the society, 
appointed the following committee on 
nomination of officers for the ensuing 
year: — 

E. Fairley, '86, Chairman. 
J. N. Pierce, '02. H. F. Coates, '86. 

The following officers were elected: — 

President: 

Rev.J. N.Blanchard, '71. 

]' ice-Presidents: 

E. A. Grosvenor, '67. 
Collin Armstrong, '77. 

F. N. Look, '77. 
Henry P. Field, '80. 
John P. Cushing, '82. 

G. B. Mallon, '87. 

Secretary and Treasurer: 
Thomas C. Esty, '93. 

Executive Committee: 

Henry P. Field, '80. 
Joseph O. Thompson, '84. 
Arthur Curtiss James, '89. 
Herbert L. Pratt, '95. 
H. W. Kidder, '97. 
Dr. John S. Hitchcock, '89. 

Committee on Public Exhibitions: 

E. M. Whitcomb, '04. 

F. M. Smith, '84. 
H. A. King, '73. 

H. N. Gardiner, '78. 

Members of Athletic Board: 
C. A." Sibley, '87. 
A. E. Stearns, '94. 

Inspectors of Election: 
A. L. Hardv, '79. 
H. H. Bosworth, '89. 
N. P. Averv, '91. 



Mr. C. E. Kelsey, '84, reported for 
the committee on the Lawn Fete, and 
it was 

Voted, That the same committee be 
reappointed, and that they have power 
to add three additional members to the 
committee. 

At the annual dinner on June 28 the 
toastmaster was Edward H. Fallows, 
'86, and the speakers Mere President 
Harris, Starr J. Murphy, '81, and 
Daniel F. Kellogg, '86. Harold I. 
Pratt, '00, made the award of the re- 
union trophy, and Harry P. Kendall, 
'99, announced the gift of a fund to the 
Latin Department in appreciation of 
thirty years of service by Professor 
Cowles. 

THE REUNION TROPHY 

The reunion trophy cup was won at 
Commencement by the Class of 1896. 
The records of the reunion classes were 



as follows 


:- 


- 








Member- 


No. 


Percent- 


Class sfiip 


Present 


. oge 


1896 .... 133 


85 


63.9 


1908 








123 


71 


57.72 


1886 








80 


46 


57.5 


1901 








90 


46 


51.11 


1905 








107 


46 


42.99 


1871 








55 


19 


34.54 


1881 








77 


26 


33.76 


1891 








86 


28 


32.55 


1910 








155 


39 


25.16 



THE LOCAL ASSOCIATIONS 

AMHERST ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK 

Charles H. Dayton, Secretary, 

90 West Street, New York. 
The annual dinner will be held at 
the Waldorf-Astoria on Wednesday, 
February 21, 1912. 



THE CLASSES 



71 



THE CLASSES 



1845 

Francis A. March, professor emeritus 
of coiaparative philology and English 
literature at Lafayette College, died 
at Easton, Pa., on September 9. He 
was bom in Millbury, Mass., October 
25, 1825, and married Miss Mildred 
Stone Conway of Falmouth, Va., in 
1860. Having been admitted to the 
bar of New York in 1850, he taught law 
for three years at Fredericksburg, Va. 
Since 1856 he had been professor at 
Lafayette, retiring as a Carnegie hon- 
orary professor in 1906. Professor 
March had been president of the Ameri- 
can Philological Association, the Spell- 
ing Reform Association, and the Mod- 
ern Language Association. He was 
consulting editor of the Standard Dic- 
tionary, the editor of a number of 
classical texts, a member of many 
learned societies, and the author of 
several authoritative works, especially 
on Anglo-Saxon literatui-e; also the 
author of numerous articles on a variety 
of subjects in his field of work. 

Professor March received the hon- 
orary degrees of LL.D. from Princeton 
in 1870 and Amherst in 1871, of L.H.D. 
from Columbia in 1887, of D.C.L. from 
Oxford in 1896, and of Litt.D. from 
Cambridge and Princeton in 1896. He 
had four sons: Alden, on the editorial 
staff of the Philadelphia Press since 
1891; Francis A., Jr., professor of 
English literature at Lafayette since 
1891; John Lewis, a professor in Union 
College; and Peyton Conway, major, 
U.S.A. 

Professor March was the last sur- 
viving member of the Class of 1815. 



1866 

Herbert L. IJridgmax, Secretary, 
The Standard-Union, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Eight of the thirty-eight graduate 
and non-graduate survivors of '66 
gathered at Amherst upon the forty- 
fifth anniversary of graduation. Presi- 
dent Harris of the class and the college 
and Mrs. Harris received Judge William 
Belcher of New London, Conn.; Asa A. 
Spear and Herbert L. Bridgman of 
Brooklyn and N. Saxton Cooley of 
Windsor Locks, Conn., at his reception 
on Tuesday afternoon. J. Winslow 
W'ood of Allentown, Pa., and Herbert 
S. Morley of Newton Centre, Mass., 
joined them at an informal breakfast 
at the Amherst House on Commence- 
ment morning, and Rev. Albert H. 
Ball, D.D., of Westfield, Mass., was 
with his classmates at the alumni 
dinner in the Pratt gymnasium. Mrs. 
H. Humphrey Neill, whose late husband 
was so long head of the department 
of English literature, and Mather 
Neill, '05, M'ere among the guests at 
the '66 tent on the campus during 
the evening of the lawn fete. 

Sixty-six made no effort at a "dem- 
onstration," and expressly declined to 
enter the competition for the reunion 
trophy. During the breakfast on 
Wednesday morning letters were read 
from Rev. Messrs. Charles H. Park- 
hurst, D.D., of New York, and Royal 
M. Cole, D.D., of Oberlin, Ohio; Frank 
D. Sargent of Putnam, Conn.; J. 
Henry Bliss of Webster, N.H.; Eber 
W. Gaylord of Brickerville, Pa.; 
Henry C. Bradbury of Lincoln, Kan.; 



72 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



Vincent Moses of Newburyport, Mass.; 
Perez D. Cowan of Summit, N.J., 
and William P. Fisher of Londonderry, 
N.H.; Henry T. Peirce, M.D., Samuel 
H. Valentine, S. Walley Brown, and 
Samuel J. Dike of New York; G. 
Frederick Ziegler of Greencastle, Pa.; 
Charles R. Paine of Redlands, Cal.; 
Alfred E. Whitaker of Boulder, Col.; 
Pliny Bartlett and John A. Moody 
of Chicago; Joseph Board of Chester, 
N.Y.; Charles R. Roe of Oxford 
Depot ; and Henry V. Pelton of Pough- 
keepsie, graduates, and Edward N. 
Baker, Cortland, N.Y.; Charles J. 
Woodbury, Oakland, Cal., and Morris 
K. King of Norfolk, Va., non-graduate. 
The total "present and accounted 
for" was therefore 32, or 84 per cent, 
of the survivors. The president and 
secretary were re-elected, and Chairman 
Spear, of the alumni fund subscriptions 
instituted at the 1906 reunion, reported 
that he had turned over to the treas- 
urer of the fund a little over $1,100. 
Deaths since the fortieth anniversary 
reunion were reported of Julius A. 
Morrill (1-908), Rev. Henry F. Seiple 
(1908), Elisha H. Barlow (1909), and 
Rev. Erastus W. Twichell (1910). 

The faithful eight, after two days 
of exchanging memories and renewing 
youth, separated with the resolve that 
the semi-centennial of '66 in 1916 will 
be a "record-breaker." 

1870 

Cornelius G. Trow, Secretary, 
Sunderland, Mass. 

Charles Henry Ames died suddenly 
at Boston on September 9. He was 
born February 5, 1847, at Boscawen, 
N.H., and was married September 
21, 1887, at Lakewood, 111., to Miss 
Henrietta Burton Hunt, who with 
four children survives. 



Mr. Ames had been for many years 
a director of D. C. Heath & Co., and 
was also a director of the Prang Edu- 
cational Company. He was an active 
member of the City Club of Boston, 
and was ako a member of the Sierra 
Mountain Club of San Francisco, the 
Marama Mountain Club of Portland, 
Ore., the Boston Merchants Associa- 
tion, and the A. K. E. fraternity. 



1871 

Herbert G. Lord, Secretary, 
623 West 113th Street, New York. 

Hon. William T. Forbes of Worces- 
ter has been appointed by Governor 
Foss a member of the Lake Quinsiga- 
mond Commission. 



1875 

Levi H. Elwell, Secretary, 
Amherst, Mass. 

Frank A. Hosmer has been elected a 
trustee of the Massachusetts Agricult- 
ural College. He is also a member of 
the Hampshire County Republican 
Committee. 

1877 

George H. Utter, Secretary, 

Westerly, R.I. 

An address by Prof. John M. Clarke 
on "The Setting of Lake Champlain 
History" is printed in Volume X. of 
the Proceedings of the New York State 
Historical Association, recently issued. 

Frank N. Look died at his home in 
Florence, Mass., on September 9. He 
was born in Leominster, Mass., March 
22, 1855, and had lived in Northamp- 
ton since 1870. He married Miss 
Fanny E. Burr of Northampton, Octo- 



THE CLASSES 



73 



ber 29, 1888. Mr. Look had been a 
trustee of Amherst, a member of the 
Northampton school board, and since 
1880 treasurer and manager of the 
Florence Manufacturing Company. 
He had been a member of the common 
council of Northampton, and was also 
chairman of the finance committee of 
the Northampton National Bank. At 
the time of his decease the Springfield 
Republican said: "The loss of the 
services of Mr. Look from the varied 
interests of business, philanthropy, 
education, and the church, in which he 
had been prominent and always pro- 
gressive and efficient, will be greatly 
felt. He was not only at the head of 
one of the city's largest industries, but 
he stood for the best things in the com- 
munity and was always ready to lend 
to them his aid and influence, which 
proved of value to their advancement, 
and to the consequent welfare of the 
city. In return and in recognition 
of mental force and pleasing personal- 
ity, Mr. Look had the high esteem and 
sincere regard of the people of North- 
ampton and of all who knew him." 



1878 

H. N0RM.4.N Gardiner, Secretary, 
23 Crafts Avenue, Northampton, Mass. 

Rev. Joseph H. Selden has resigned 
from his pastorate at Greenwich, Conn. 



1879 

J. Fr.\nklin Jameson, Secretary, 
Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C. 

John J. Chickering has resigned 
as district superintendent of schools 
of New York City, and will hereafter 
live in Boston. 



1880 

Henry P. Field, Secretary, 

Northampton, Mass. 

Frederick J. Bliss is now dean of men 
in the University of Rochester. For 
the past fifteen years he has been en- 
gaged in research work in Palestine. 



1881 

Frank II. P.a.rsons, Secretary, 
60 Wall Street, New York. 

The headquarters of the class for its 
thirtieth reunion were on Amity Street, 
at the Prospect House, which in former 
times was owned by Mrs. Robisou. 
Though the house has been rebuilt and 
lost much of its old appearance, there 
is still something to remind one of its 
former estate, and it so happened that 
Murphy occupied the same rooms 
which were his in college days. The 
house was decorated with an '81 flag 
over the entrance, while aroimd the 
piaz/a rail were small flags, making 
with their effective display of twenty- 
five repetitions of '81 in white on purple 
sufficient evidence that '81 was in 
town. At night illuminated numerals 
made the same announcement, while 
stretched between two tall elm-trees in 
front of the house was a large purple 
flag with .\mherst displayed in white 
letters. 

The members of the class began to 
gather on Saturday afternoon, June 24, 
and soon filled the house and spread 
out to the neighboring houses. The 
following were present at the reunion: 
Abbott; Beelje; Brainerd, his daugh- 
ter Ruth and his son George; Chapin; 
Crittenden; Dwight; Forbes, his wife 
and his daughter Alice; Gibson; Good- 
rich and his wife; Hail, his wife, his 



74 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



daughter Frances, and his son Bartow; 
Martin and his wife; Murphy, his wife, 
his daughter Dorothy, and his son 
Starr J., Jr.; Parsons; Pond, his wife 
and his daughters MilHcent and Clara; 
Prince, his wife, his daughter Hilda, 
and his son Stanley; Richmond, his 
wife, his son Clinton, and his daughter 
Mary; Rugg and his sons Frank and 
Clarence; Sawyer and his wife; Sayles, 
his wife and sons Thomas and Richard; 
Sears; Shaw and his daughter Elinor; 
A. P. Smith; H. G. Smith, his wife, his 
son Henry, and his daughter Betty; 
Webster; Wells; Woodward, his wife 
and his son Stanley, — making a total of 
fifty-nine. Twenty-six of the class reg- 
istered for the reunion trophy, a per- 
centage of 33 7/10 per cent. 

There were many things in the 
exercise which particularly interested 
the Class of 1881, especially the Glee 
Club and the Dramatics. Some of its 
members were on the first Amherst 
Glee Club that ever made a Western 
trip, and college dramatics began with 
its production of the travesty of 
"Romeo and Juliet" thirty years ago. 
Two of the children of the class weie 
among the graduates. 

The class supper was held on Monday 
evening at the Graves-Croft Inn, Sun- 
derland, where A. P. Smith, one of its 
members, and his good wife, offer most 
satisfying hospitality. Twenty-three 
of the class went on a special car, and 
the evening was spent in the usual 
manner of such occasions. It was 
annoimced that six of the class had died 
since the last reunion. These were 
Cope, Hilton, Low, Mellen, Nason, and 
Thurston. The election of class officers 
was held, and R. S. Woodward was 
elected president, G. W. Brainerd vice- 
president, F. H. Parsons secretary 
and treasurer, and an executive com- 
mittee, consisting of R. S. Woodward, 



chairman, L. F. Abbott, B. W. Hitch- 
cock, S. J. Murphy, and F. H. Parsons. 

The Class Book, which ordinarily 
is distributed at the twenty-fifth re- 
union, was published at this time. It 
is a book of two hundred and fourteen 
pages with two hundred and twenty- 
three illustrations, and contains one or 
more pictures of each member of the 
class with only four exceptions. 

One of the most interesting events 
of the reunion occurred on Senior Night. 
After the fete was over, and most of 
those present had left the campus, the 
Class of 1881 remained in their tent and 
renewed their youth. It was surpris- 
ing how efi'ective was the rendering of 
the songs from "Romeo and Juliet" 
by Abbott, Woodward, and Hall, and 
most of all by Murphy. The chorus 
gave good account of themselves in 
"Gee Wlioa Dobbin" and the songs of 
the olden time until a large and appre- 
ciative audience had gathered to listen, 
though the hour was late. One of the 
younger alumni was heard to remark 
that he had always heard '81 was a good 
class, but had no idea until now what a 
class it really was. 

On Commencement Day '81 fur- 
nished some of the eloquence, Pond 
making the speech of presentation to 
the college of a portrait of Professor 
Harris, and Murphy speaking effec- 
tively at the alumni dinner, where, 
as usual, the class announced its pres- 
ence by its class yell, "'81, '81, rip it, 
skip it, that's the ticket, '81," and by its 
favorite song, "It's a cold day when we 
get left, whoop 'er up for '81," and Par- 
sons was appointed a member of the 
alumni committee to nominate a 
trustee for next year. 

Most of the class and their families 
left town on Wednesday afternoon of 
Commencement week, but before they 
departed they all agreed that this was 



THE CLASSES 



75 



the best reunion the class had ever had, 
})ut that the reunion five years hence 
should be, if possible, even more in- 
teresting. 

1882 

John P. CusiiixG, Secretary, 
New Haven, Conn. 

Fletcher D. Proctor died at his home, 
Proctor, Vt., on September '■21, 1911. 
He was born at Cavendish, Vt., 
November 7, 1860, the son of the late 
Senator Redfield Proctor, and married 
Miss Minnie E. Robinson of West- 
ford, \t.. May 2fi, 1886. He was 
president of the Vermont Marble Com- 
pany, the Proctor Trust Company, 
and the Barney Marble Company. 
In 1890, 1900, and 1904 he was a 
member of the Vermont House of 
Representatives, and its speaker in 
1900. He was governor of Vermont 
from 1906 to 1908. Governor Proctor 
received the degree of LL.D. from 
Middlebury College in 1908, and at 
the time of his decease was a fellow 
of that college. 



later became a partner of ex-Congress- 
man John R. Thayer in the firm of 
Thayer & Rugg, retiring from prac- 
tice when he was appointed a justice 
of the Supreme Court on September 1-1, 
1906. He was president of the com- 
mon council of Worcester in 1895, 
and city solicitor of Worcester from 
1897 to 1906, as well as assistant 
district attorney of Middlesex County 
from 1893 to 1897. Justice Rugg 
succeeds to the office recently filled 
by Marcus P. Knowlton and formerly 
occupied by Lemuel Shaw, Horace 
Gray, and Oliver Wendell Holmes. 
In commending the appointment, the 
Springfield Republican said: "Not the 
sharpest critic of the present governor 
will venture to speak unfavorably of 
his choice of a new chief justice. No 
political partisanship or personal fa- 
voritism can be discovered or alleged. 
The selection will be universally 
recognized as entitled to the public 
respect and applause." 

Amherst conferred the degree of 
LL.D. on Justice Rugg in 1908. 



1883 

WiLLL'i.M Orr, Secietary, 

State Board of Education, Boston, 

Mass. 

Governor Foss on September 13 
nominated Arthur Prentice Rugg to be 
chief justice of the Supreme Judicial 
Court of Massachusetts, and the nomi- 
nation was promptly confirmed by the 
executive council. Justice Rugg was 
born in Sterling, Mass., August 20, 
ISO^, and married Miss Florence May 
Belcher of Worcester in 1889. After 
graduating at Amherst, he attended the 
Boston University Law School, secur- 
ing his degree there in 1886 and be- 
ginning the practice of law the same 
year at Sterling and Worcester. He 



1886 

Charles F. Marble, Secretary, 
4 Marble Street, Worcester, Mass. 

A twenty-fifth class reunion is a 
significant and memorable occasion 
for alumni and non-graduates of every 
college. With ranks well filled, in the 
prime of manhood, the men return to 
revive memories of college days and to 
enter with earnest, sympathetic touch 
into the present interests of other lives. 
In this true spirit of reunion the men of 
'86 came back in large numbers and 
zestful mood. Many of the class, fol- 
lowing the custom of recent years at 
many colleges, brought their wives and 
children, so that the reunion partook 
somewhat of the nature of a house- 



76 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



party. Mrs. Wade's house, opposite 
the Common, was headquarters; and 
brilliant decoration of flags and '"86" 
in clusters of electric lights informed 
many visitors where they would find 
cordial welcome. 

Saturday and Sunday were spent 
in individual greetings, attendance at 
college functions, and trolley rides 
to adjacent towns, thus awakening a 
new appreciation of the beauty of the 
country about Amherst. On Monday 
more collective activities began with a 
trolley ride, in special car, through the 
Notch and South Hadley to Mount 
Tom, where a party of eighty-two, the 
class and their families, had luncheon 
and returned to Amherst via North- 
ampton in time to attend the Amherst- 
Dartmouth ball game. Tickets for 
Senior Dramatics for Monday evening 
were provided for the wives and chil- 
dren, while the men, to the number of 
forty-seven, had their class supper at 
the Amherst House. The supper was 
provided by the generosity of Frank 
J. Pratt, Jr., of '86, who himself, on 
account of illness, could not be present. 
Tuesday morning an excellent photo- 
graph of the class and families was 
taken in front of headquarters. Senior 
Night, the newly inaugurated college 
fete of Tuesday evening, is a beautiful 
and impressive spectacle, which fosters 
social opportunities and loyalty to the 
College. As the members of '86 re- 
turned from the campus that evening, 
they gathered in a widening circle on 
the lawn at Mrs. Wade's house, and 
stories of class-room jokes and escapades 
were told with vividness and listened 
to with keen amusement. A spontane- 
ous and fitting close to this evening 
will long be remembered. Forming 
three circles about the lawn, the chil- 
dren of the class within the centre, 
the ladies joining hands and encircling 



the children, and the men forming the 
outer circle, all cheered and sang 
heartily in loyalty to Amherst and each 
other. 

The alumni dinner on Wednesday 
brought special interest and pride to 
this class, for Edward H. Fallows of 
'86 presided with rare grace as toast- 
master, and Daniel F. Kellogg was 
one of the two alumni speakers, thrill- 
ing his audience by an address in which 
poetic reverie was finely blended with 
sound, practical counsel. c. f. m. 

Those in attendance at the '86 
reunion were: George M. Bassett, 
Rev. J. Brittan Clark, James C. Clarke, 
Hallam F. Coates, Lucien B. Cope- 
land, Rev. Allen E. Cross, Henry F. 
Cutler, Professor Edmund B. Delabarre, 
Rev. Josiah P. Dickerman, Osgood 
T. Eastman, Edwin Fairley, Edward 
H. Fallows, Herbert E. Flint, Warren 
D. Forbes, Charles B. French, Rev. 
Milo H. Gates, Professor John D. Hird, 
M.D., Clay H. Hollister, Daniel F. 
Kellogg, Rev. George F. Kenngott, 
Robert Lansing, George W. Lindsay, 
Henry A. Macgowan, Charles F. Marble, 
C. Todd MofFett, Fred L. Norton, 
Elmore G. Page, Maurice E. Page, 
Samuel S. Parks, Professor Fred B. 
Peck, Willard H. Poole, William G. 
Schauffler, M.D., Ralph H. Seelye, 
M.D., Charles M. Starkweather, Arthur 
W. Stuart, Professor Edgar S. Thayer, 
Allen T. Tread way, Rev. William A. 
Trow, William F. Walker, Professor 
Clarence H. White, William F. Whiting, 
Addis M. Whitney, Ira C. Wood, Walter 
C. Wood, M.D., Robert A. Woods, 
Rev. James S. Young. 

Robert Lansing is corresponding 
secretary of the Jefferson County 
(N.Y.) Historical Society. 

Dr. William G. Schauffler was re- 
appointed a member of the New 



THE CLASSES 



77 



Jersey Board of Education, being the 
only member of the old board re- 
appointed by Governor Wilson. 

Arthur W. Stuart, who has recently 
been teaching in the Toledo (Ohio) 
High School, will begin work as base- 
ball coach at Amherst, February 1, 
1912. 

1888 

Shattuck O. Hartwell, Secret art/, 

809 West Walnut Street, Kalamazoo, 
Mich. 

James G. Riggs, recently superin- 
tendent of schools at Orange, N.J., 
has been appointed superintendent of 
the training department of the Oswego 
Normal School, Oswego, N.Y. 

1891 

WiNSLOW H. Edwards, Secretary, 

Easthampton, Mass. 

The headquarters for the twentieth 
reunion were at Mrs. Hinckley's, on 
Maple Avenue, and all arrangements 
were perfected by the class president, 
Winslow H. Edwards. On Sunday 
afternoon the class went by special 
trolley to Mount Tom, where supper 
was served, followed by speeches, 
songs, and special features by members. 
On Monday the banquet was held 
in Red Men's Hall, with responses 
by all present and letters from many 
absentees. Edwards presided, Merrill 
was choregus, and Fleet, as of old, 
was at the piano. This was followed 
by a talk by Ludington, well illus- 
trated by slides made from photo- 
graphs taken in undergraduate days. 
Tuesday a trolley trip was taken to 
Hamp, South Deerfield, and Sunder- 
land. An account of the reunion, 
written by Sidney R. Fleet, has 
recently been published. Those in 



attendance were: Avery, Boynton, 
Brainard, Burrill, Cable, Chapin, 
Crocker, Cushing, Edwards, W. H., 
Fleet, Hastings, Hitchcock, Hyde, 
Jackson, Jones, Knight, Ludington, 
Lyall, Merrill, Miles, Morse, Sibley, 
Tarr, Thorp, C. N., Upton, Walker, 
F. B., Weston, Woodruff. 

Rufus M. Bagg, for the past four 
years instructor in geology at the 
University of Illinois, is now professor 
of geology and mineralogy and curator 
of the museum at Lawrence College, 
Appleton, Wis. 

Sartell Prentice received the degree 
of D.D. from Olivet College in June. 

1892 

Richard S. Brooks, Secretary, 
The Republican, Springfield, Mass. 

James S. Cobb has resigned as vnce- 
president of the Library Bureau. 

William H. Lewis is now an assistant 
attorney-general in the Department 
of Justice, Washington, D.C. 

1893 

William C. Breed, Secretary, 
32 Liberty Street, New York City. 

Charles D. Norton, formerly Presi- 
dent Taft's private secretary, is now 
vice-president of the First National 
Bank, New York. 

1894 

Heney E. Whitcomb, Secretary, 
Station A, Worcester, Mass. 

Rev. Albert S. Baker is now located 
at Kealakekua Kona, Hawaii. 

Warren D. Brown is treasurer of 
the Mitchell ]\Iotor Company of New 
York, 1876 Broadway, comer C2d 
Street, New York City. 



78 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



George F. Burt is now permanently 
located at 53 Grace Street, Auburn, 
R.I. 

Frank L. Clark, Ph.D., is professor 
of Greek at Miami University, Oxford, 
Ohio. 

Carlton E. Clutia is now assistant 
manager of the Western Department, 
Providence and Washington Insurance 
Company. Office, Manhattan Build- 
ing, Chicago, 111. 

Stephen P. Cushman has formed a 
law partnership with Hon. Josiah S. 
Dean, under the firm name of Dean & 
Cushman, 18 Tremont Street, Boston, 
Mass. 

Dr. Charles P. Emerson, formerly 
superintendent of the Clifton Springs, 
N.Y., Sanitarium, is now dean of the 
School of Medicine of the University 
of Indiana. 

Class dues should be sent to the 
treasurer, George F. Fiske, Roxbury 
Latin School, Boston, Mass. 

Frederick C. Herrick is now living at 
1906 East 84th Street, Cleveland, Ohio. 

Mark D. Mitchell is president of the 
Amherst Oil Company, Independence, 
Kan. 

Fitz Albert Oakes, M.D., is located 
in his new offices, at 26 Lincoln Street, 
Worcester, Mass. 

Charles O. Seymour is again in Lon- 
don, England, engaged in the paper 
business. His address has not been 
given to the secretary. 

Edward H. Stedman is agent for the 
Travelers' Insurance Company, and is 
located at 76 William Street, New York 
City. 

Henry E. Whitcomb has severed his 
connection with the Morgan Motor 
Truck Company, and is devoting his 
attention to a box and lumber business 
which he has owned for several years. 
Address, 6 Harvard Street, Worcester, 
Mass. 



1896 

Thomas B. Hitchcock, Secretary, 
P.O. Box 1057, New York. 

The quindecennial class occupied 
Hitchcock Hall again after five years, 
and was the first class to have it since 
its ten-year reunion. The decora- 
tions were the most effective seen at 
any Commencement. Firs and palms 
screened the grounds in front, and 
banners and electric lights were used 
freely, the entire main building being 
outlined by incandescents. 

The chief novelty of the display 
was a large dial, devised by Jaggar, 
showing the number of men registered. 
This finally reached 85, ten or fifteen 
less than were expected, but enough to 
win the cup. About twenty wives re- 
turned as well. 

The class took a conspicuous part 
in the Saturday night red-fire parade, 
with the '96 band and Gene Kimball's 
four property horses in the lead. The 
band was a regular feature of the 
reunion, and, with the horses, again 
appeared at the Dartmouth game. 

On Sunday evening the original 
'96 quartette gave a much appre- 
ciated concert on the headquarters 
porch to a large audience. 

The ball game with 1901 on Monday 
morning brought out the old classics, 
Gregory, Priddy, and Montague, and 
was won in near-'varsity form. The 
class pictures were taken that after- 
noon, and then all marched down to 
the Dartmouth game. That night the 
class went by special electrics to Hol- 
yoke for a dinner at the Hamilton, 
when Emerson presided as toast- 
ma.ster. 

Tuesday noon a sizable contingent, 
including most of the wives, went up 
to South Deerfield for lunch, and that 
evening every one attended the Senior 



THE CLASSES 



79 



lawn fele, — a new experience for most 
of the class. 

Those present at the '96 reunion, in 
the order of registration, were: Clarence 
E. Jaggar, Robert B. Metcalf, John W. 
Lumbard, J. Gilbert Hill, James B. 
Cauthers, \V. Eugene Kimball, F. S. 
Fales, F. B. I.oomis, Edward X. Em- 
erson, Jr., Charles J. Staples, Carlisle 
J. Gleason, Leonard Brooks, George 

D. Moulson, Joseph E. Merriam, E. S. 
Hall, T. K. Moore, N. Frederick Foote, 

E. T. Kimball, Chester T. Porter, Rich- 
ard R. Rollins, W. S. Thompson, T. B. 
Hitchcock, William E. Milne, John E. 
Priddy, William D. Stiger, Raymond 
J. Gregory, H. B. Patrick, George 'L. 
Crosby, Limond C. Stone, H. A. Halli- 
gan, F. E. Bolster, O. A. Beverstock, 
James W'. Woodworth, E. B. Robinson, 
Leonard Field, Jr., George E. Hyde, 
Frank B. McAllister, William K. Dus- 
tin, C. E. McKinney, Jr., A. C. East- 
man, H. E. Riley, A. I. Montague, 
Charles S. Ballard, Merrill E. Gates, 
Jr., Frank A. Watkins, Herbert L. 
Kimball, E. Kimball, E. W. Bancroft, 
E. C. Witherby, G. R. Bliss, Jr., S. P. 
Hayes, John T. Pratt, David C. Buck, 
Archibald L. Bouton, George F. Ellin- 
wood, Oren R. Smith, J. C. Blagden, 
George T. Pearsons, George H. Jewett, 
Robert H. Cochrane, Arden M. Rock- 
wood, E. F. Perry, T. C. Elvins, Charles 

B. Adams, John Reid, George H. Nash, 
L. I. Loveland, R. S. Mighill, G. Ernest 
Merriam, William A. Hudson, H. F. 
Houghton, E. F. Sanderson, William L. 
Corbin, E. C. Sharp, J. Van Kirk Wells, 

C. G. Brainard, Bert Leon Yorke, D. H. 
Bixler, Frank A. Lombard, Herbert A. 
Jump, Mortimer L. Schiff, N. D. J.,oud, 
W. Frank Davis, H. D. Tyler, Halsey 
M. Collins. 

The new address of Rev. G. Ernest 
Merriam is Puritan Church, Marcy and 
Lafayette Avenues, Brooklyn, X.Y. 



1897 

John M. Joxes, Secretary, 
24 Pleasant Street, Springfield, Mass. 

C. W. Cobb has resumed his position 
in the department of mathematics at 
Amherst after a half-year leave of 
absence, spent at the University of 
Michigan. 

Professor Raymond McFarland, of 
the department of pedagogy of Middle- 
bury College, is the author of a book 
entitled "A History of New England 
Fisheries," published under the au- 
spices of the L^niversity of Pennsyl- 
vania. The book deals with the fish- 
ing of the New England coast from 
1505 down to the present. 

Arthur F. Warren, who has served 
as professor in the Lawrenceville 
School for nine years, has resigned in 
order to become head-master in the 
oldest preparatory school in the 
country, the Collegiate School of New 
York City, founded in 1638. 

1899 

E. W. Hitchcock, Secretary, 
26 Broadway, New York City. 

Emery Pottle has presented to the 
College Library a copy of his volume 
of poems recently published by Me- 
thuen & Co., London. 

In Leslie's Weekly, September 7, 1911, 
is described the church in Proctor, Vt., 
of which Rev. Frederick W. Raymond 
is pastor. It is a union church, its 
membership of many nationalities and 
of various religious afBliations, "yet 
there has never been any friction 
between these various elements, and 
there is none to-day. As an example 
of an intelligent, satisfactory. Biblical, 
union church, the Proctor Church 
cannot be excelled, if it can be dupli- 
cated." 



80 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



1900 

Rev. Theodore Storrs Lee, several 
years a missionary at Satara, India, 
died at the Presbyterian Hospital, 
New York City, August 24, 1911. 

Walter A. Dyer, whose book, "The 
Lure of the Antique," is reviewed on 
another page, has an article in The 
Craftsman for September, 1911, on 
"A New Spirit in College Life: 'The 
Amherst Idea.'" 



1901 

Leonard W. Bates, Secretary, 

374 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, 
New York. 

Preserved Smith, whose new Life of 
Margin Luther is reviewed on another 
page, will edit the volume on Martin 
Luther in the Cyclopedia of Original 
Documents, to be published in the fall 
by the Columbia University Press. 



1902 

Eldon B. Keith, Secretary, 
Campello, Mass. 

Charles W^. Anderson and Miss 
Antoinette Tingley of Montclair, N.J., 
were married on June 12. 

Frank A. Cook, formerly secretary 
and treasurer of the Frank Shepard 
Company, is now sales manager of 
the American Law Book Company, 
60 VsaW Street, New York. 

Robert S. McClelland was married 
on October 11 to Mi.ss Margaret 
Holman at Southport, Conn. They 
will reside at Austin, Delta County, 
Col. 

D. N. Skillings, Jr., has moved into 
his new offices in the Masonic Building 
at Amherst. 



1903 

The engagement is announced of 
Donald G. Tead, ex-'03, to Miss Eva 
Spring of San Francisco. 

1904 

Karl O. Thompson, Secretary, 

19 Kalamazoo Avenue, Grand Rapids, 

Mich. 

Charles W. Beam and Miss Isable 
Wilson of Watertown, N.Y., were mar- 
ried on September 6. 

Professor Thomas C. Brown, formerly 
of the Faculty of Middlebury College, 
is now teaching in the School of IVIines 
of Pennsylvania State College. 

Dr. Isaac Hartshorne has removed 
his office from Poughkeepsie, N.Y., 
to ?^5 West 93d Street, New York. 

Rev. Karl O. Thompson's new ad- 
dress is 19 Kalamazoo Avenue, Grand 
Rapids, Mich., where he is still pastor 
of Plymouth Congregational Church. 

Alfred F. W'estphal, formerly of 
Mount Pleasant, la., is now in charge 
of the physical department of the 
Y. M. C. A. at Terre Haute, Ind. 

Ernest M. Whitcomb has again pre- 
sented cross-country-run trophies for 
the present season, consisting of a 
large, specially designed silver cup for 
the class championship and a smaller 
cup for the individual winner. 

1905 
John B. O'Brien, Secretary, 

309 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, 
New York. 

At the sexennial reunion, class 
headquarters were at the Pease Man- 
sion, corner Northampton Road and 
Parsons Street, and from Friday night 
to Wednesday evening the six-year 



THE CLASSES 



81 



class made things lively there. 
Forty-six of the class were back. 
Edward A. Baily of Brooklyn, N.Y., 
was chairman of the executive commit- 
tee, and to him in large part is due the 
success of the reunion. 

The reunion began in earnest on 
Saturday evening, when the big parade, 
led by 19 05 with Stevens' Band of 
twenty-two pieces from Chicopee, 
started the "ball a-rolling." This was 
followed by a concert at headquarters. 
Sunday the class attended the bac- 
calaureate sermon or went to Grace 
Church to hear their classmate, Edwin 
Hill van Etten, preach. 

Monday morning there was a base- 
ball game with 1908, which the '05 men 
generously allowed their ''JFreshmen" 
to win. This was followed by a lunch- 
eon to the class wives at headquarters, 
music being furnished by the Eureka 
Trio. In the afternoon the class 
paraded to Pratt Field, with the class 
wives marching in front, and helped 
cheer Amherst on to victory over the 
sons of Dartmouth. In the evening 
the class banquet was held at The 
Draper in Northampton, and at the 
same time the class wives dined at 
Boyden's. 

The class elected the following 
officers: president, H. H. C. Weed, 
St. Louis, Mo.; secretary, John B. 
O'Brien, Brooklyn, N.Y.; vice-presi- 
dent and treasurer, Ed. C. Crossett, 
Davenport, la.; chairman executive 
committee, Ralph C. Rollins, Des 
Moines, la. 

Tuesday and Wednesday the class 
attended the various Commencement 
functions, together with several special 
affairs of their own. 

A notable feature of the reunion 
was the presence of several men who 
have not been back to Amherst since 
graduation. 



The class suits also attracted great 
and favorable attention, consisting of a 
white duck Norfolk jacket with purple 
bands, a purple belt, and pur{)le arm- 
lets; white duck trousers with purple 
stripes along the sides, and white hats 
with purple bands, in which was 
inserted a large button bearing the 
figures "1905." 

The reunion of 1905 showed that 
the ladies can and should take a more 
prominent part in the Commencement 
festivities than they usually do. The 
class, with twelve wives back, inaugu- 
rated a reform last June, and the wives 
of 1905 were the greatest attraction 
of Commencement week. Not only 
did they join in all the Commence- 
ment festivities, but the^ also wore 
the class hats and were gowned in 
white with long purple sashes. They 
even had their own cheers, as well as a 
class song. Other classes should follow 
suit, and have their wives play a more 
prominent part in their reunion. 

Those present at the reunion were: 
Baily, Baldwin, Bennett, Bixby, Bond, 
Bottomly, Broder, Clark, Coggeshall, 
Crowell, Crossett, Cruikshank, Dyer, 
Ellis, Gaylord, Gilbert, Green, Green- 
away, Holmes, Hopkins, Judge, Lynch, 
Moon, Nash, Neill, Nickerson, Noble, 
O'Brien, Odell, Orrell, Ottley, Parsons, 
Patch, Pease, Rathbun, Rollins, 
Rounseville, Spaulding, Squire, Tay- 
lor. L'tter, Van Etten, Warren, Weed, 
Wing, Woods; and Mrs. Bond, Mrs. 
Crossett, Mrs. Coggeshall, Mrs. Ellis, 
Mrs. Greenaway, Mrs. Pease, Mrs. 
Rathbun, Mrs. Rounseville, Mrs. 
Spaulding, Mrs. Squire, Mrs. Weed 
and Mrs. Wing; and the class boy, 
Malcolm Graham Greenaway. 

Charles R. Blyth is secretary of 
Louis Sloss & Co., investment securi- 
ties, San Francisco, Cal. 

Winfield A. Townsend is now with 



82 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



the American Book Company, Wash- 
ington Square, New York. 

Edwin H. van Etten, who graduated 
this year from the Episcopal Theologi- 
cal School at Cambridge, is now curate 
at Trinity Church, Boston. 

1906 

Robert C. Powell, Secretary, 
20 Vesey Street, New York City. 

Frederick R. Behrends is practising 
law with the firm of Hardy & Sawyer, 
Portland, Ore. 

A son was born on May 12 to Mr. 
and Mrs. Gardner Lattimer of Colum- 
bus, Ohio, where Lattimer is secretary 
of the Lattimer Stove Company. 

1907 

Charles P. Slocum, Secretary, 

206 Summer Street, Newton Centre, 

Mass. 

Bruce Barton is managing editor of 
the Housekeeper, a monthly magazine 
published by Collier and Nast of New 
York. Since graduating from college, 
he has been connected with the Home 
Herald of Chicago and the Continent, 
two religious papers, and has also writ- 
ten various articles for other papers, 
including the Oittlooh and Human Life. 
His address is 443 Fourth Avenue, 
New York. 

Edward C. Boynton has resigned his 
position with Fernald & Co., bankers, 
of Boston, and is studying at the Divin- 
ity School in Cambridge. 

During the past summer John M. 
Waller headed a stock company which 
gave four performances a week at the 
Lyceum Theatre, New London, Conn. 

John L. Irvan of Siin Francisco is 
engaged to Mi.ss Edith Cameron of 
Alameda, Cal. 



1908 

Harry W. Zinsmaster, Secretary, 
Des Moines, la. 

Kenneth S. Curby died at his home 
in St. Louis, January IL As an under- 
graduate, he was prominent in class 
affairs, and was quarterback on the 
football team. He was a member of 
the University and Banquet Clubs of 
St. Louis. 

Horatio Elwyn Smith is now an in- 
structor in French in Yale University. 

Arthur H. Veasey of Haverhill was 
married on April 11 to Miss Persis A. 
Spencer of Chicago. 

1909 

Edw^\rd H. Sudbury, Secretary, 
Mt. Vernon, N.Y. 

Recent addresses of members of the 
class are as follows: — ■ 

Oscar Whedon Acer, 223 Centre St., 
Medina, N.Y.; travelling. 

Irving Howard Agard, Vermont 
Marble Co., Proctor, Vt. 

Henry Butler Allen, Greenfield, Mass. 

Lorenzo Moray Armstrong, care 
Lewis & Maycock, Chapel St., New 
Haven* Conn. 

Aspinwall Breck A.spinwall, Morris- 
town, N.J.; gold mining, Mexico. 

James Griffiths Bakrow, 23 W. 
83d St., New York City; with Miller 
& Co., brokers. 

Joseph William Ballantine, American 
Embassy, Tokio, Japan; student in- 
terpreter. 

Walter Everett Barnard, Occiden- 
tal College, Los Angeles, Cal.; hotel 
business. 

John Beecher, Prescott, Mass. 

Sidney R. Bennett Bainbridge, N.Y.; 
sugar business. 

James Silney Bernard, Colorado 
School of Mines, Boulder, Col. 



THE CLASSES 



83 



Mason Huntington Bigelow, 609 
West I'llth St., New York City, N.Y.; 
Columbia Law School. He was married 
at Poughkeepsie, N.Y., on September 
11, to Miss Elizabeth Denton Mac- 
Donald. 

Albert Whitney Blackmer, 7 Massa- 
chusetts Ave., Worcester, Mass.; Har- 
vard Law School. 

Carlton Reed Blades, 1219 Main 
St., Brockton, Mass.; shoe business. 
Alden Hooper Blanchard, 12 Avon 
Way, Quincy, Mass. 

Edward Jenkins Bolt, 5610 Bartmore 
Ave., St. Louis, Mo.; D'Arcy Ad- 
vertising Co. 

Roscoe William Brink, 209 Weir- 
field St., Brooklyn, N.Y.; North- 
western University. 

Arthur Edward Bristol, Glen Ridge, 
N.J.; Columbia Law School. 

Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur, 8 Mills 
Street, W^estfield, Mass.; Harvard 
University. 

Earl Amidon Brown, Millers Falls, 
Mass.; business. 

Raymond Nelson Brown, Danvers, 
Mass. ; teacher. 

Roswell Abbott Bryant, 905 O St., 
N.W., Washington, D.C.; George- 
town University. 

Raymond Joseph Burby, Chicopee 
Falls, Mass.; teacher. 

Asahel Bush, Jr., Salem, Ore.; 
banker. 

Frederic Marsena Butts, 120 Sum- 
mer St., Newton Centre, Mass.; Butts 
& Ordway Co., Boston, Mass., hard- 
ware. 

Walter Gary, W.R.U. Medical School, 
Cleveland, Ohio. 

Cyrus Augustus Case, Golden, Col.; 
Colorado School of Mines. 

Francis Morrow Caughey, Bcllevue, 
Pa.; J. S. & W. S. Kuhn, bankers, 
Pittsburg, Pa. 

Joseph Hart Caughey. Bellevue, 



Pa.; 2d National Bank, Pittsburg, 
Pa. 

Charles Porter Chandler, 23 School 
St., Montpelier, Vt.; College of Phy- 
sicians & Surgeons, New York City. 
Edward Luther Chapin, Southbridge, 
Mass.; cashier, Southbridge National 
Bank. 

Robert Crius Chapin, care Chapin & 
HoUister, Providence, R.L; jewelry 
business. 

DeWitt Atkins Clark, Montpelier 
Life Insurance Co., Seattle, Wash. 
. Merrill Fowler Clarke, 128 Henry 
St., Brooklyn, N.Y.; teacher. High 
School, Pottstown, Pa. 

Edwards Lynde Cleaveland, Roch- 
ester, N.Y.; N.Y. Telephone Co. 

Sherrill Atwood Cleaveland, 2196 E. 
87th Street, Cleveland, Ohio; Western 
Reserve University. 

Leonard Roys Clinton, 530 W. 
Water St., Elmira, N.Y.; Barker, 
Rose & Clinton Co., hardware. 

Maus Winigar Colebrook, 45 Lake 
View Park, Rochester, N.Y.; manu- 
factures candy. 

Daniel J. Coyne, Jr., 225 So. Hum- 
phrey Ave., Oak Park, 111.; commission 
business. 

Harold English Connell, 132 Wyom- 
ing Ave., Scranton, Pa.; optical busi- 
ness. 

Scott J. Corbett, 21 W. 6th Ave., 
Clarion, Pa.; merchant. 

Kenneth Reese Cunningham, 86 St. 
Nicholas Bldg., Pittsburg, Pa.; Pitts- 
burg University Law School. 

Minot Harold Danforth, 37 Keith 
Ave., Campello, Mass.; shoe talesman. 
Lester W. Dann, care Continental 
Coal Co., Louisville, Ky. 

Frederick Durand Davis, Westfield, 
Mass. 

Josiah Stuart Davis, Cedar Rapids, 
la.; Dist. Agent, Royal Union Mutual 
Life Insurance Co. 



84 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



George Van Duzon Dayton, 10 Will- 
iam St., Towanda, Pa.; business. 

Donald James Demarest, 599 6th 
St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Frank Amedee Deroin, Chicopee, 
Mass. 

Ezra Pope Dickinson, Ligonier, Pa.; 
doctor, 1709 Arch St., Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Hamilton Grinnell Disbrow, Morris- 
town, N.J.; twine and rope business. 

George Dowd, Morgan High School, 
Madison, Conn.; instructor. 

Sheldon David Dunlap, Batavia, 
N.Y.; wire business. 

Edward L. Dyer, 2d Lieut., U.S. 
Coast Artillery Corps, Fortress Monroe, 
Va. 

Robert Davy Eaglesfield, 3215 North 
Meridian St., Indianapolis, Ind.; 
lumber business. 

Ernest Lord Earle, 221 Main St., 
Athol, Mass.; teacher. 

Clarence Frank Edmunds, care Amer- 
ican Beet Sugar Co., Oxnard, Cal. 

Allen Dorset Eldred, 71 Park Ave., 
W. Springfield, Mass.; book binding 
business. 

James Silas Elting, 131 Main St., 
Whitesboro, N.Y.; Amer. Tel. & Tel. 
Co. 

George Stone Emerson, Bennington, 
N.H.; hardware business. 

Samuel Ballentine Fairbank, care 
Washburn-Crosby Co., Minneapolis, 
Minn.; flour. 

Norman Francis Faunce, 54 Savin 
St., Boston, Mass.; business. 

Richard Bradford Fisher, Gloucester, 
Mass.; chemist with Russia Cement 
Co. 

Patrick Joseph Foley, Amherst, 
Mass.; official league umpire. 

Elliott Orman Foster, Hartford 
Theological Seminary, Hartford, Conn. 

Alfred Swift Frank, Craigie Hall, 
Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Mass. 



John Leon Gardner, Jr., 51 Rutland 
Road, Brooklyn, N.Y.; teacher. 

Fred R. Gilpatric, New Britain, 
Conn.; hardware business. 

David Franklin Goodnow, 40 River- 
side Drive, New York City; Columbia 
Law School. 

Edward Nute Goodwin, 57 Living- 
ston St., Brooklyn, N.Y.; Columbia 
Law School. His engagement to Miss 
Lucy Bristol of Glen Ridge, N.J., has 
been announced. 

Clayton W. Guptil, Hempstead, 
Long Island, N.Y'.; U.S. inspector. 
Canal Zone. 

Cuthbert Hague, Western Electric 
Co., New York City. 

Gordon Robert Hall, 11 W. Walton 
Place, Chicago, 111.; Chicago Daily 
Neivs. 

Robert Norman Hamberger, 16 E. 
8th St., Erie, Pa.; business. 

Robert Hugh Hamilton, Jr., 116 E. 
19th St., New York City; New Theatre 
Company. 

Cyril Ray Hannah, Ontario, Cal. 

Herman Harvey, 1587 W. 52d St., 
Philadelphia, Pa.; real estate. 

William G. Hartin, Principal High 
School, Fultonville, N.Y. 

Charles Usher Hatch, Winthrop Hall, 
Cambridge, Mass.; Harvard Law 
School. 

Vogel Herbert Helmholz, 625 Van 
Buren St., Milwaukee, Wis.; Helm- 
holz Mitten Co. 

Thomas Richard Hickey, Sunder- 
land, Mass.; teaching. 

Townsend Cordell Hill, 443 W. 22d 
St., New York City; National Cloak 
& Suit Co. 

William Ely Hill, Corliss Ave., 
Pelham Heights, N.Y.; Art Students' 
League. 

Harold Wade Hobbs, 3 Summit 
Place, Utica, N.Y.; law student. 

Albert B. Houghton, 203 Park Ave., 



THE CLASSES 



85 



Council Bluffs, la.; wholesale furniture 
business. 

Alvin Loomis Hubbard, Windsor, 
Conn.; Yale Divinity School. 

Joseph Boardman Jamieson, Jr., 
superintendent Grant Yarn Co., Fitch- 
burg, Mass. 

Charles Clothier Jones, 8.'53 Land 
Title Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa.; Samuel 
A. Kirtpatrick & Co., investments. 

Wilbur Boardman Jones, 535 Clara 
Ave., St. Louis, Mo.; St. Louis Univ. 
Law School. 

Thomas Joseph Kalligan, 5ll4 
Elm St., Oneonta, N.Y. 

Clayton Edwards Keith, 1230 Mon- 
tello St., Brockton, Mass. 

Earle Barney Kent, 12 First St., 
Attleboro, Mass. 

William W'arren Kilbourn, 113 W. 
1st St., Fulton, N.Y. 

Edward Price Kimbrough, Greens- 
boro, Ala.; cotton planter. 

Philip King, 185 Davis Ave., Brook- 
line, Mass.; Andover Theological Semi- 
nary. 

William A. King, Jr., Gloucester, 
Mass. 

Paul Lantz Kirby, a graduate of Yale 
Theological Seminary, was married at 
Yonkers, N.Y., on August 9, to Miss 
Inez Hunter Barclay. 

Grover Cleveland Kirley, South Had- 
ley Falls, Mass.; law student. 

Ro.scoe Griggs Knight, 15 High St., 
W'orcester, Mass. 

Arthur Raymond Knowles, 772 Poto- 
mac Ave., Buffalo, N.Y. 

Levon Hampurtsum Koojumjian, 
L^S. Forest Service, Ogden, L'tah; 
lately resumed study in New Haven, 
Conn. 

Stoddard Lane, Hartford Theological 
Seminary, Hartford, Conn. 

Raymond De Forrest Leadbetter, 
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, 
Col. 



George Francis Leary, 11 Ashburton 
PI., Boston, Ma.ss.; Boston Univer- 
sity Law School. 

Edward De Witt Leonard, 4 Chapin 
St., Brattleboro, Vt.; Harvard Medi- 
cal School, Cambridge, Mass. 

Dunbar W. Lewis, Naugatuck Mal- 
leable Iron Co., Naugatuck, Conn. 

J. Marshall MacCommon, 72 Tabor 
x\ve.. Providence, R. I. 

Daniel Clothier McChmey, 41 Olive 
St., St. Louis, Mo.; commercial paper. 

Donald Dana McKay, Columbia 
Timber and Mining Co., 25 Broad St., 
New York City. 

Keith Fry McVaugh, 425 W. 160th 
St., New York City; cotton goods. 

Walter Raymond Main, West Haven, 
Conn.; Yale Law School. 

Clyde Bradley Marston, 48 Chestnut 
St., Campello, Mass. 

Richmond Mayo-Smith, Norwood, 
Mass.; Plimpton Press. 

James Bartlett Melcher, Newton 
Centre, Mass.; Harvard Law School. 

Harrison Walker Mellen, 291 Lake 
Ave., Newton Highlands, Mass.; lum- 
ber business. 

' Jones W'ilder Mersereau, care of But- 
terick Co., New York City. 

Morris Gabriel Michaels, 86 Clinton 
Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y.; New York Uni- 
versity Law School. 

David Raymond Mowry, Greenfield, 
Mass.; hardware. 

Percival Dole Nash, 605 W. 137th 
St., New York City; Vacuum Oil Co. 

Richard M. Neustadt, South End 
House, Boston, Mass. 

William Josiah Parmalee, Manhasset, 
N.Y.; Clinton High School. 

.\lbert Francis Pierce, Jr., Mt. Ver- 
non, N.Y.; tourist agent. 

George Edwin Pierce, 75 Linden St., 
Brattleboro, Vt. 

Francis F. Powell, University Ranch, 
Stevensville, Montana. 



86 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



Theodore Pratt, 241 Clinton Ave., 
Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Francis Louis Race, 319 So. State St., 
Kendallville, Ind.; Flint & Walling 
Mfg. Co. 

Charles Babbidge Rayner, Singapore, 
S.S.; Export Dept., Standard Oil 
Co. 

Fairfax Addison Reilly, 52 Wall St., 
New York City; lawyer. 

William Fenton Roberts, Lippincott 
& Co., Boston, Mass.; Special Educa- 
tional Department. 

Arthur Rose, 6217 Pleasant St., Oak 
Park, 111.; sales manager. 

Christian Alban Ruckmich, in- 
structor in psychology, Cornell Uni- 
versity. 

Howard Irving Russell, 41 Howe St., 
New Haven, Conn. 

Harold Taylor Sargent, Putnam, 
Conn.; telephone business. 

Joseph Long Seybold, care of Wells, 
Dickey Co., investments, Minneapolis, 
Minn. 

William A. Sleeper, 15 Colby St., 
Wellesley, Mass.; Worcester Poly. Inst., 
Worcester, Mass. 

Bert Nichols Smith, 620 Prospect' 
Ave., Kansas City, Mo.; telephone 
business. 

Harold Ladd Smith, assistant ' pur- 
chasing agent, Vermont Marble Co., 
Proctor, Vt. 

Harold Lyman Smith, Norwood, 
Mass.; Plimpton Press. 

Herbert Otty Smith, 56 Rutland Rd., 
Brooklyn, N.Y.; teacher, DeWitt Clin- 
ton High School. 

Ju.stin Burritt Smith, Saratoga 
Springs, N.Y.; teaching. 

Alfred Hitchcock Snook, 720 Acad- 
emy St., Kalamazoo, Mich.; Kala- 
mazoo Label Co. 

Henry Patrick Spring, 65 Cherry St., 



Northampton, Mass.; Lowell baseball 
team. 

Henry Stockbridge, 3d, 11 No. 
Calhoun St., Baltimore, Md.; Brown 
& Sons, bonds. 

Frank Abbott Sturgis, Current 
Literature Publishing Co., New York 
City. 

Edward Heron Sudbury, 154 Pros- 
pect Ave., Mt. Vernon, N.Y.; E. B. 
Sudbury & Co., hosiery and gloves. 

Frank B. Sullivan, 170 Bellingham 
Ave., Beachmont, Mass. 

David Thomas, Jr., 11 Marble St., 
Roxbury, Mass. 

Albert Otto Tritsch, Episcopal Theo- 
logical School, Cambridge, Mass. 

Clinton White Tylee, 9 Harvard 
St., Worcester, Mass.; business. 

Halton Eugene L^^nderhill, Munsey 
Co., Flatiron Bldg., New York City. 

Arthur Hammond Van Auken, prin- 
cipal. Leal School, Plainfield, N.J. 

William Auerbach Vollmer, 117 
Dean St., New York City; House and 
Garden magazine editor. 

Edwin Francis Wallace, 239 Stuy- 
vesant Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y^. 

Dr. Walter James WTaelan, 11 Elm 
Ave., Weymouth, Mass.; dentist. 

Ralph William Wiggins, Warsaw, 
N.Y.; Cornell University. 

Barrett Hansom Witherbee, editor 
Honesdale News, Honesdale, Pa. 

Watson Wordsworth, Hartford Theo- 
logical Seminary, Hartford, Conn. 

David Sanders Wright, 67 West St., 
Northampton, Mass.; teacher, Cas- 
well Academy, Fishkill Landing, N.Y. 
William Henry Wright, assistant 
sporting editor, N.Y. Tribune, New 
York City. 

Herbert Ashton Wyckoff, 274 Clin- 
ton Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y.; with House 
and Garden and Travel magazines. 



THE CLASSES 



87 



1910 

Claik S. Francis, Secretary, 
26 Broadway, New York City. 

C. W. Barton is now connected with 
Crofts & Read, wholesale soap manu- 
facturers of Chicago. Ilis address is 
228 N. Oak Park Avenue, Oak Park, 111. 

The engagement is announced of 
Harold S. Carter of Brooklyn, N.Y., 
to Miss Florence E. Hopewood of 
Minneapolis. 

Joseph D. Cornell is with the Penin- 
sular Oil Company of Seattle, at 236 
Arcade Annex, Seattle, Wash. 

Carroll S. Daniels is in business at 
1107 Cherry Street, Seattle, Wash. 

John Henry, Hitchcock Fellow dur- 
ing last year, played the entire season 
with the Washington team of the 
American League. 

John D. Howard is with the Western 
Dry Goods Co., Seattle, Wash. 

Neal C. Jaraieson (ex-' 10) is in the 
lumber business at Everett, Wash. 

The marriage of Ernest J. Lawton 
and Miss Fannie H. Haynes of Athol, 
Mass., took place on June 20. 

1911 

Dexter W'heelock, Secretary, 
75a Willow Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Twenty-two members of the class, 
who were back for the opening of 
college, met at Rahar's Inn for supper 
on September 21. Those present 
were Babbage, Ballard, Barnum, Boyer, 
Bravo, Corry, Cranshaw, F. C. Davis, 
Delatour, Jones, Kane, Levy, H. G. 
Lord, Patton, Stearns, Seelye, W. W. 
Smith, Treadwell, Weathers, Wheelock, 
Whitten, Young. 

Announcement has been made of the 
engagement of Miss Eva Fong of 
Portland, Ore., to Lloyd Bates. 

Carl K. Bowen and John J. Lamb are 



working for the Vermont Marble Co. 
at Proctor, Vt. 

William E. Boycr is working for 
the Plimpton Press at Norwood, Mass. 

Charles C. Campbell is with the 
Fort Orange Paper Co. at Castleton- 
on-the-Hudson, N.Y. 

Alfred H. Clarke, who has recovered 
from an operation for appendicitis, is 
with his brother's engineering firm in 
Portland, Ore. 

Beeckman J. Delatour has entered 
Johns Hopkins LTniversity to study 
medicine. He spent the summer work- 
ing under Dr. Grenfell in Labrador. 

Elmer W. Henofer is with the Corn 
Products Co., 26 Broadway, New York 
City. 

L'pton P. Lord is in the wholesale 
dry-goods business with M. E. Smith 
& Co. in Omaha. 

Edgar P. Maxson is on the staff of 
The Westerly Sv7i, Westerly, R.I. 

Walter H. Morton is with the Deane 
Steam Pump Co. in Holyoke. 

William W. Patton has entered the 
Andover Theological Seminary at 
Cambridge. 

Charles B. Rugg has entered Harvard 
Law School. 

Vernon Radcliffe and Edmund S. 
Whitten are pursuing post-graduate 
studies at Harvard, Radcliffe in Eng- 
lish and Whitten in German. 

The engagement of Miss Margaret 
Chase to John H. Stevens has been 
announced. 

Frederic W. H. Stott is with the 
McBride Publishing Co., 449 Fourth 
Ave., New York. 

During the summer the engagement 
of Miss Gertrude Lake of Evanston, 
111., to William F. Washburn was 
announced. 

George W. Williams is with the 
Leavitt & Johnson Trust Co., Waterloo, 
la. 



88 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



[By courtesy of The Amherst Student 
we are enabled to supplement the above- 
given names by those of the rest of the 
graduating class, with the work in 
which they are engaged. Names not 
given here are ah-eady mentioned above.] 

Frank P. Abbot, Jr., is travelling in 
the West and Canada. 

Richard P. Abele is with the engi- 
neering company constructing a large 
irrigation dam at Cashmere, Wash. 

Justin A. .\ltschul is at the Cin- 
cinnati Law School. 

John P. Ashley is in business in 
Texas. 

Lawrence W. Babbage is studying 
law at New York University. 

William J. Babcock is with the Rob- 
son Cutlery Co., Rochester, N.Y. 

Clifford B. Ballard is assistant in the 
geology department at Amher.st. 

William N. Barnum is completing un- 
finished work at Amherst. 

Carleton B. Beckwith is with the New 
Departure Manufacturing Co., Bristol, 
Conn. 

Carroll R. Belden is with Thomp- 
son, Belden & Co., Omaha, Neb. 

George W. Brainerd is with the 
American Pad & Paper Co., Holyoke. 

Hylton L. Bravo is studying forestry 
at the University of Michigan. 

Raymond M. Bristol is completing 
unfinished work at Amherst. 

William C. Bryan is studying at the 
New York Law School. 

Frank Cary is teaching in Japan, in 
the employ of the Japanese government. 

Chester F. Chapin is in business. 

Charles N. Chapman is travelling. 

Thomas S. Cooke is with the Stand- 
ard Oil Co., Whiting, Ind. 

William F. Corry is with the Mont- 
pelier, \i., Street Railway Company. 

Merton P. Corwin is teaching. 

Harold B. Cranshaw will enter scien- 
tific management this fall. 



Edmund K. Crittenden is in business 
in New York. 

Allen N. Ehrgood is studying law in 
New York University. 

Frank R. Elder is teaching and 
studying chemistry at Columbia. 

Alan M. Fairbank is teaching in 
Williston Seminary, Easthampton. 

Gordon T. Fish is with the Travelers' 
Insurance Co., Hartford, Conn. 

Robert N. George is with the Plimp- 
ton Press, Norwood. 

Arthur S. Gormley is with the Bul- 
lard-Gormley Co., Chicago, 111. 

Erastus O. Haven is with the Quaker 
Oats Co., Chicago, 111. 

George A. Heermans is with the 
Bankers & Brokers College, New York. 

Clayton B. Jones is in business in 
New York. 

Thomas L. Kane is in business in 
New York. 

Roger Keith is with the Brockton 
Webbing Co. 

Thomas F. Kernan is teaching at the 
Kingsley School for Boys, E.ssex Fells, 
N.J. 

Sherman C. Kittle is teaching mathe- 
matics at W. P. I. 

John J. Lamb is with the Vermont 
Marble Works, Proctor, Vt. 

Isidor D. Levy is studying law at 
Harvard. 

Philip N. Lilienthal, Jr., is in the 
California oil fields. 

Herbert G. Lord is with Potter, 
Choate & Prentiss, brokers. New 
York. 

George H. McBride is in the advertis- 
ing department of McCliire's Magazine. 
John L. McCague is with the Wilson 
Steam Boiler Co., Omaha, Neb. 

Edward H. Marsh is in the bond busi- 
ness with J. H. Adams & Co., San Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

Harry H. Maynard is studying for- 
estry at Yale. 



THE CLASSES 



89 



Harold S. Miller is in business in New 
York. 

Robert E. Myers is at home, hav- 
ing just returned from a tour of the 
West. • 

George B. Parks is assistant registrar 
at Amherst. 

Donald Parsons-Smith is studying 
law at Michigan. 

Arthur D. Patterson is in his father's 
dry-goods house in Findlay, Ohio. 

Arthur E. Pattison, Jr., is in business 
in New York. 

Randolph E. Paul is studying law at 
New York University. 

Eugene R. Pennock is studying law. 

Alfred E. Phelps is studying medi- 
cine at Johns Hopkins. 

John R. Pinkett is teaching at Jack- 
son College, Jackson, Miss. 

Frederick J. Pohl is teaching at Ohio 
Wesleyan University. 

William B. Powell is with the Sher- 
win-Williams Paint Co., Findlay, Ohio. 

Stanley H. Prince is in business in 
Cuba. 

Ernest M. Roberts is Hitchcock Fel- 
low at Amherst. 

Harold C. Roberts has an automobile 
pump agency in Utica, N.Y. 

Lawrence W. Roberts is in the auto- 
mobile business in Utica, N.Y'. 

George G. Sawyer is teaching at St. 
Paul's School, Concord, N.H. 

Richard B. Scandrett, Jr., is teach- 
ing in Pittsburgh High School. 

Laurens H. Seelye is general secre- 
tary of the Christian Association, 
Amherst. 

Waldo Shumway is with the Pata- 
gonia expedition. 

George N. Slayton is studying law 
flt Harvard. 

Walter W. Smith is in the College 
Library. 

Albert Stearns is studying chemistry 
at M. L T. 



John H. Stevens is with E. A. Wright, 
Phila.lclphia, Pa. 

William M. Stone is farming at Guil- 
ford, Conn. 

Leighton S. Thompson is teaching 
at Powder Point School, Duxbury. 

George L. Tread well is completing 
unfinished work at Amherst. 

Louis E. Wakelee is with the Ameri- 
can Telegraph & Telephone Company, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

Arthur H. Walbridge is studying 
naval architecture at M. L T. 

Lewis B. Walker is in the shoe ma- 
chinery business in Norwood. 

William F. Washburn is with the 
Walk-Over Shoe Company, Brockton. 

Brantly A. W'eathers, Jr., is reading 
law in Ocala, Fla. 

Dexter Wheelock is entering business. 

Harold A. Whitney is teaching in 
Oneida, N.Y. 

Leonard H. Wilson is in business. 

Laurence Wood is completing un- 
finished work at Amherst. 

William S. Woodside is in the bottle 
manufacturing business. 

George R. Yerrall, Jr., is entering 
business. 

Donnell B. Young is in the biology 
department, Amherst. 

SUMMARY. 

According to an early canvass of the 
members of the Class of 1911, practi- 
cally every man has started work. 
Business of course claims the largest 
number, with teaching following with 
twelve men. Eleven are studying law, 
while seven are taking other graduate 
courses. But one man is studying for 
the ministry. Several men are in Am- 
herst, either on the teaching staff or com- 
pleting unfinished work. The man who 
has gone farthest is Cary, who is in the 
employ of the Japanese government in 
Japan. Several are on the Pacific coast. 



90 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



VARIOUS OTHER THINGS 

Mount Emerson. — When Professor Emerson was in Northern Alaska 
with the Harriman Alaskan expedition, as a member of the "naming committee," 
he took part in the christening of two great glaciers at the head of a fjord as the 
Harvard and A'ale glaciers and the naming of four smaller cascading glaciers 
standing side by side, the Bryn Mawr, the Smith, the A'assar, and the Wellesley 
glaciers, and a similar one in row Vvith the others and touching the Harvard glacier, 
— the Radcliffe Annex. Facing these smaller glaciers, a great glacier was named 
by him the Amherst glacier, and the bay was called Glacier Bay. Recently 
the United States geologists, completing the survey of the region, have named 
other glaciers, in continuation of the former series, Barnard and Mount Hol- 
yoke glaciers, and have given the name Mount Emerson to the great snow-cov- 
ered mountain, 1^,000 feet high, in which these glaciers rise, which forms the 
divide between the Harriman and College fjords. 

The Chapel Doxology. — On April 12, 1910, it was announced in chapel 
that, beginning with the morrow, the regulation doxology would be sung instead 
of the one then in use. The next morning, accordingly, the " regulation doxology," 
"Praise God from whom all blessings flow," was sung with spirit and power, and 
has since then been in daily use. 

The abandoned doxology, which was sung daily in chapel services for twenty- 
two years, merits a few words of memorial. It was introduced into the chapel 
service in March or April. 1888, by Walter F. Skeele of the Class of 1888, who was 
then college organist. The words, which it is not easy to find in current hymnaLs, 
are attributed to Rev. Simon Browne, 1720, and are as follows: — 

"To Father, Son, and Spirit, ever blest, 
Eternal praise and wor.ship be addressed; 
From age to age ye saints His name adore. 
And spread His fame, till time shall be no more." 

It was sung to the tune "Filers," composed by E. J. Hopkins in 1869, — a stand- 
ard tune, but rather hard in one or two places for unison singing. One reason, it 
is thought, for its discontinuance was that the key (originally A-flat) had been 
lowered to F, and, while easier to sing, the tune had become heavy and lifeless. 
This doxology was never used in the Sunday service. 

An Old Landmark in a New Place, — Many alumni coming back to 
reunion will miss, and not without sadness, the old house across Northampton 
Road from College Hall, where Mrs. Davis of sweet memory "mothered" so many 
generations of college students. The house has been moved away in preparation 
for building the new Psi Upsilon house, and hereafter will be found, unchanged 
and facing in the same direction as before, in Kendrick Place. 



VARIOUS OTHER THINGS 91 

Art yielding to Utility. — A stained-glass window is good for the admis- 
sion of a "dim religious light," but, when the light required is intellectual, the dim- 
ness may impair, even banish, a true religious feeling, the more so when the art 
window which shuts out light also shuts out ventilation. The large, four-clustered 
window in the reading-room of the Library has accordingly been filled with ordi- 
nary glass, and provided with weights to raise and lower, to the great improvement 
of the room for its purpose, though we cannot but miss a long familiar object. 
The handsome stained-glass windows which were there before were a gift to the 
college from Mr. George Ayer, of the family of the well-known Dr. J. C. Ayer, 
of Lowell. They were richly colored and artistic, though of a conventional design, 
except that in the centre of each of the four was represented the historic printer's 
mark of one of the old printers of the time of Aldus and Caxton. It is to be hoped 
that these windows will not be overlooked when the time comes for an enlarged 
library building. 

A Propos of the Clyde Fitch Memorial.— The late Clyde Fitch once 
told his mother that he attributed whatever success he had largely to the fact that 
he went to Amherst College, and for three reasons: first, that, as he was naturally 
made up, if he had gone to a large college he would have gone to the dogs; secondly, 
that four years in the country was a great thing for him; and, thirdly, that a large 
part of such knowledge of men as he had started with his experiences in Amherst 
College, because, instead of knowing a dozen students whom he knew before he 
went to college, he became well acquainted with men from all over the country. 



ADVERTISEMENTS 



ALL AMHERST MEN 

SHOULD SUBSCRIBE TO THE 

Amherst 
Graduates' Quarterly 



IT BRINGS TO YOU 

1. A quarterly review of the life and growth of your college. 

2. News from Amherst graduates everywhere. 

3. A brief and authentic record of college sports. 

4. Articles of importance and general interest by Amherst 

men eminent in many fields. 

5. Memoirs of Amherst's most distinguished alumni. 

6. Critical reviews of the most important literary works of 

Amherst men. 

EDITORS OF THE QUARTERLY 

Editor-in-chief: JOHN FRANKLIN GENUNG, Honorary '89 

Editors: JOHN M. TYLER, 73 

WALTER F. WILLCOX, '84 
WILLIAM S. ROSSITER, "84 
H. A. GUSHING, •91 
FOSTER W. STEARNS, '03 

Executive Committee: HENRY P. KENDALL, '99 
ROBERT W. MAYNARD, '02 
ERNEST M. WHITCOMB, '04 

The AMHERST GRADUATES' QUARTERLY is pub- 
lished in October, January, April, and June. The annual sub- 
scription is one dollar; single copies, thirty-five cents. Foreign 
postage adds twenty-five cents to subscription price. 

Communications for the Editor should be addressed to 
Professor J. F. Genung, Amherst, Mass. 

All business communications and subscriptions should be 
sent to 

AMHERST GRADUATES' QUARTERLY 

AMHERST. MASS. 



1 




ARTHIK rKKNTICK RL GO. LL.D. 

ClIIKK Jl STICE, SlPREME CoURT, M ASSACHISETTS 

Class of 1883 



THE AMHERST 

GRADUATES' QUARTERLY 

Vol. I.— JANUARY, 1912.— No. 2 



THE COLLEGE WINDOW.— EDITORIAL NOTES 

1% "TOT many years ago readers were amused or otherwise 

% affected at the distress of a certain alumnus, not of this 

-*- ^ college, who expressed to his President the fervent hope 

that the latter was "not going to make of the dear old college an 

4 T ^.^ ^. , [adiectivel institution of learning." The 

An Institution of ,.''.,., ,r 

J . adjective, which was not comphmentary, 

floated the remark far and wide, and of 
course did more to reveal the mind of the perpetrator than the 
status of the college. But it spread a wave of effect through the 
country, turning the attention of the great irresponsible public 
on our American colleges; and for a while the new sensation was 
as good as a show. Like turns to like, and the response was vari- 
ous. The light-minded, who warm to a touch of the profane, 
were the first to raise their little laugh of mockery, and then were 
off to other things. Others, who knew their college from the 
inside, were stung to reflection. They did not say so much, but 
what they said was by way of turning their reflections to useful 
account. And many of us were responsive enough to the uncon- 
ventional remark to feel that more was meant by it, including 
the adjective, than met the ear. 

It was the light-weights who precipitated the matter, non- 
college men for the most part, who have considerable curiosity 
about what is going on at college, — a curiosity gratified only by 
newspaper reports of games and hazing pranks and social func- 
tions; and along with these, perhaps, here and there a graduate 



96 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

who never really got anything out of college but a diploma, and 
that to the standing wonder of himself and the world. These 
"cranked the machine," and forthwith a whirr and clatter of 
engines apprised the world that there was "something rotten" in 
the college domain. The truth of the matter was uncovered at 
last. What was there, after all, in the college, the vaunted 
college? Why, look and see; look, parents and patrons; look, 
men of the shops and streets. The parent has to work for a 
living: "there are his young barbarians all at play." Look at 
the tousled hair, the exaggerated — or attenuated — costume of the 
football field and the athletic track. Listen to the yawp of the 
college yell, — no, you do not have to listen, you are likelier to 
stop your ears. Observe the fantastic devil-may-care spirit of 
the crowd among them. Study the newspaper portraits of the 
heroes of the field — of course I do not mean Pratt Field — and 
consider whether they suggest comparison or contrast with the 
rogues' gallery. What is the first shallow inference? No, these 
outsiders say, college is not an institution of learning; it is an 
institution of high jinks. Parents and patrons are paying out 
good money to maintain a concern like that, and even this 
graduate wants to keep it so. 

But there were others on whom the remark made a deeper, if 
less demonstrative, impression. A momentary shock there was, 
indeed, in the implication it seemed to carry. The time-honored 
idea that the college is intrinsically an institution of learning, it 
seemed, was not universally taken for granted even by those to 
whom it is still "the dear old college." Some would keep it as 
it is, at the risk of reproach, rather than go farther and fare worse. 
But what was there in the college system which was incurring 
the reproach? The mere suggestion that a college may be dear 
on other grounds than learning, and that this ground of dearness 
may seem to eclipse the object for which college is presumed 
supremely to exist, calls for sober reflection. "Let not your 
good be evil spoken of," is not a bad counsel of perfection. This 
thought it was which left its impress on many loyal graduates, 
impelling them to a serious revaluation of college education and 
college life as these at present are. What makes them dear to 
memory? If not learning, then what? What lays their frontiers 



EDITORIAL NOTES 97 

open to the doubt, however hghtly held, whether they are institu- 
tions of learning at all? No earnest alumnus, who had perhaps 
worked his way through college, — nay, no alumnus become ear- 
nest who had loafed his way, — would be content to go on to the 
next sensation and leave this question unconsidered. In a word, 
there arose a wide-spread impulse to talk our ideals over and 
take an account of college stock. It was the uprise of health 
and sane reflection, applying itself to our higher educational in- 
stitutions. 

The result of the inquiry was to an extent disillusioning." We 
could no longer cheat ourselves with the easy assumption that 
colleges were in the full sense institutions of learning. The 
American college, Amherst with the rest, is not all that it should 
be. Nothing is, in which ideals are enlisted. It has allowed 
things to encroach into undue prominence which are only side 
issues, belonging to the play department. It has not been suffi- 
ciently watchful of the ill tendencies of the unlimited elective 
system. It has too many distractions, too little zest in the 
finer things of the mind. The true spirit of learning is too 
much the foreigner among us, or at best the patronized guest, 
not the cordial host and master of the place. Such evils call for 
remedy and readjustnlfent. But, too, the inquiry was not without 
elements of reassurance. The "dear old colleges," after all, were 
sound at the core, and not unmindful of their high calling. " Abuse 
them as we like," says Professor Woodbridge in his article, "they 
are the saving institutions of society, . . . abundantly worth while 
as they are." The question of improvement is not of making 
a bad thing good, but of making a good thing better. The col- 
lege has lapsed into too equivocal a repute. It needs to come 
out of its penumbra of doubt and be luminously, positively, an 
institution of learning. 

One suspects that the author of the remark which we have 
taken for text, if his language were translated from jest to earnest, 
would turn out to be a sincere sharer in this same desire. He, 
too, wants to have the dear old college an authentic institution 
of learning. But he does not want an institution of pedantry, or 
of fossilized learning. He does not want to see it a place where 



98 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

learning is an austerity instead of a joy, nor a mill where there is 
only the hum of grinding and no nourishing grist, — in other words, 
not an [adjective] institution of learning. Well, there are others, 
many of them, who do not want that. Make the college any of 
these, in some untempered zeal for reform or improvement, and 
you make it merit the adjective. Make it the home of the 
genuine article, where learning is a real enterprise and not a be- 
numbing task or a dead issue, and you may go fearlessly forward : 
you cannot reform too well. If this was our author's implication, 
we are inclined to shake hands with him; we thank him, indeed, 
for his thought-arousing adjective. 



WE are borrowing Carlyle's famous chapter-heading, but 
not his hero's truculence and defiance; and we are giving 
his words a different turn. We have to note the fact 
that, on the threshold of any reform or improvement, no matter 

The Everlasting No ^^^^* *^^^ ^^^^' ^*^ promoters are doomed 
to encounter an everlasting No. The 
no, the remonstrance, the kick, must needs be reckoned with 
before the field is cleared for the positive ideal, the everlasting 
Yea. This is not so much an error as a limitation. It is the limi- 
tation of those who cannot see beyond the fiegative. Any one not 
actively engaged in the improvement can say what he does not 
want: he can do that by simply consulting his memory or his 
natural inertia. He does not want a change, — does not want the 
risk of innovation and uncertainty : that is about what it reduces 
to. But that, so far forth, is merely a negation. It is putting 
the stopping-point before the starting. As long as you stick at 
that, you are like the Scotchman wdth his too mild dram, you 
are "not getting any forwarder." To stay with the negative, 
though you define and articulate it with all acumen and subtlety, 
is not to make achievement; it is only clearing the decks for 
action. It is critical, not creative; an indispensable process, to 
be sure, but not constructive. 

Our esteemed friend of the preceding editorial had gone as far 
as the negative, and that far quite emphatically. The saving 
element of his remonstrance was that he was not indifferent. He 



EDITORIAL NOTES 99 

could wreak sonic degree of passion (we assume his adjective was 
heartfelt and not an empty expletive) on the thought of what 
his college ought not to be. He had an emotional and not inap- 
propriate term for the undefined thing his soul abhorred, and a 
term no less emotional for the thing, the dear old unreformed 
thing, with which his soul was satisfied. That was something; 
in the hearty loyalty it showed it was a good deal. But, so far as 
his plea went, his ideal was barren, reactionary. Nay, it was no 
ideal at all, but a denial. The real thing, the positive constructive 
concept of what the college should be if it were improved at all, 
was not named or hinted. He had left this to be shaped by others, 
on lines subject to his restriction, and then had neglected to 
supply the lines. It was like projecting a building without plans 
and specifications. Perhaps he did not see them. If he had seen 
them, w^ould he have stopped wdth the negative.^ A negative, 
one may say, is definition without vision. And that is the point 
at which many, very many, leave their thinking. They are too 
myopic to see beyond the horizon where they stopped. 

Such remonstrance has one merit. It is in the open. You 
know where the maker of it stands, and you can reckon with 
him. Another form of the No we have to encounter, more dis- 
guised and no less everlasting. It is what one of our alumni 
the other day happily characterized as "mysterious insurgency." 
In every college constituency, we may suppose, there are many 
w^ho, when they meet at a luncheon or smoker, fall to whispering 
vaguely that there are unseaworthy elements in the old ship, 
rotten spots in this department and that, leakages and shrink- 
ages; and they see — or perhaps smell — all sorts of reactions ahead, 
and hint mysteriously that w^e shall soon see — what we shall see. 
There is a name for this sort of occupation, which our contem- 
porary The Philistine uses quite freely; but we do not care to 
quote it here. The present waiter has attended many gatherings 
w^here a self-induced abdominal pain was enjoyed as a luxury. 
It is stimulating — and amusing. JSIany of us like occasionally 
to take a turn at it ourselves. And it probably does no great 
harm to anybody, except to such as become obsessed by it so 
that it becomes their controlling habit. Indeed, the college, with 
heart set on its own steady way, can afford to welcome it, as a 



100 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

sign of healthy ferment, if not of progress: it is infinitely better 
than stark indifference, and many valuable pointers come from it. 
Still, we may remember that, while a man is kicking, he is not ad- 
vancing, and he is as liable to kick backward as forward. And 
he is furnishing a quota of the everlasting No which every work 
of faith and venture must encounter. 

At these phases of the everlasting No we can afford to be 
light-hearted, — nay, to smile and gird our loins a little tighter; 
for we know the sound heart that beats underneath. We realize 
the wholesome stimulus of a kick as soon as the afflicted part has 
stopped aching; and perhaps it is just as well if our amour-propre 
is occasionally jarred a little out of its too prevalent complacency. 
There is one more aspect, however, of graver sort: I mean when 
the No has congealed into an element of fixedness, rigidity, which 
means virtual stagnation. It is, after all, the noble business of 
education that we have at heart; and we lose its vital values, if 
we are satisfied to make it not a life and growth, full of spirit and 
vision, but an organized routine, a machinery, like Huxley's "clear 
cold logic engine," — which Matthew Arnold conjectured must 
have been not unlike a guillotine. If it gets to that congealed 
point, and stays there, it becomes a dead issue, a virtual ne- 
gation. This, I imagine, is what the spirit of our latest time is 
rising against, — this, as translated from negative to positive. The 
remonstrance is not confined to college, nor to America. An 
eminent English educator has lately been saying, "The entire 
system of education, both here and in America, seems to require 
reconstruction from bottom to top; it would be well, if I may 
say so, if we could scrap the whole academic show and start 
afresh." This too drastic proposal is directed against a system 
that, being stuck at a dead point, has become a colossal nega- 
tive; we may call it an uprise against educational orthodoxy, — 

" For who would keep an ancient form 
Through which the spirit breathes no more?" 

The demand itself, like all initial movements, is too blind and 
destructive; it sees its evolution only across a chasm of revolu- 
tion; but we can readily sift out the good of its plea from the 
iconoclastic. A. C. Benson's words in his recent book on Ruskin 



EDITORIAL NOTES 101 

sound audacious, merely because we have canonized orthodoxy; 
but there is good stuff for meditation in them. "In all prov- 
inces of life," he says, "which deal with vital and progressive 
emotions, the only people who are certainly wrong are the ortho- 
dox, because the orthodox are those who think that develop- 
ment has ceased, and that the results can be tabulated. And 
thus they resent any further development, because it interferes 
with their conclusions and gives them a sense of insecurity and 
untidiness, and the upsetting of agreeable arrangements." That 
is what the open-minded are beginning to say of education; how 
justly or not we leave unconsidered here. Fortunately, Amherst 
is in no danger of stagnation from the dread of disturbance and 
growing-pains: the '85 memorial and its answer prove that. She 
keeps herself well beyond that phase of the negative. 



AS educational institutions are situated in America, and as 
the system is becoming crystallized, there is an imperative 
call to differentiate between functions; to determine what 
the university shall stand for, what the vocational and tech- 
. _ nological school, and what the college. 

of Vision With such formidable rivals in the field, 

increasing in endowment and popular- 
ity, it was feared a few years ago that the college, and especially 
the small college without university aspirations, must go to the 
wall. The peril does not seem so acute now: men are getting 
a juster idea of the specific function of each. For they are com- 
ing to see that the differently typed institutions are not rivals, 
except in the generous emulation of doing their best in their own 
specific lines: rather, they are comrades in a common cause and 
campaign. They cannot afford to antagonize or efface each other 
as rivals : they need each other. We realize this as soon as we face 
the question what we should do if, for instance, the college were 
eliminated from the large body educative. The university, the 
professional school, needs college-bred men to give breadth and 
solidity to its more specialized pursuits. The college faculty, in 
its turn, needs university-bred men to keep its studies from 
fraying out into vague generalities or hardening into a projected 
school-boy task-work. Without the liberalized college insight the 



102 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

graduated technological student is merely the mechanic writ large. 
Without the stern sense of accuracy and thoroughness imparted 
by technical training, college studies are apt to be drifting, un- 
anchored to the exacting duties of life. Yes, they need each other 
at every point. They cannot reach their highest and finest aims 
alone. 

But what is the place of the college in this goodly fellowship.'' 
We graduates of Amherst, you know, are in the college belt, and it 
becomes us to maintain the high self-respect of our position. 
When a fully thesis-ed and diploma-ed Ph.D. comes to our faculty 
from Germany or Johns Hopkins, is he stepping down from a 
higher sphere to perpetuate his minute university specialties in a 
sciolist curriculum.'' Not so, — not at all so. If he comes with 
that idea, he has to unlearn much. He is stepping upward, rather, 
into a region where his specialized learning can come into larger, 
freer play. If in his investigative zeal he has been immersed in 
the tyranny of the conviction that trifles make perfection, he 
now has the opportunity to discover the complementary truth, 
that perfection is no trifle. In a word, the college, with its body 
of vigorous youth just confronting the pageant of life, is emi- 
nently, distinctively, the place for men of vision. It calls for 
a largeness, a depth, an all-roundness of outlook, which no other 
institution is so immediately adapted to promote. It is not so 
much so in the university, where minute and fundamental re- 
search for its own sake rules; not nearly so much so, hardly at 
all, in the technological or commercial school, where the liveli- 
hood problem and the applied science rule. The college is the 
fitting place for such men, the soil where their work may thrive. 
Their opportunity, according to their specific department, is to 
add the vision, the values for the sum of things. Their noble 
business is to place the college four-square with the movements 
of the time and the trends of truth. To do this adequately 
requires more than learning. It requires vision. 

We are speaking now, as we are well aware, in terms of the 
ideal, and an ideal is a thing that is never realized. But neither 
can the hopeful pursuit of it be abandoned. It is a disaster felt 
through the whole college organism when the teacher ceases to be 



EDITORIAL NOTES 103 

a student, still patient and enthusiastic before his unrealized 
vision. He cannot indeed follow out his vision to its frontiers. 
Time and the immaturity of his constituency forbid. But he 
can place his men in the attitude to follow it out for themselves, 
can place them at the point of view whence they can find their 
true way into the various lines of life and livelihood which are 
to be theirs. I need not enlarge on this. You can think what 
I mean when you think of Professor Garman and Dr. Hitchcock, 
not to mention colleagues still living and inspiring. When the 
collegian goes into law or medicine or ministry or teaching or 
business, he is to have something behind and underneath his 
A.B. degree which is a great deal larger than the fruit of technics 
or research, and yet as fundamental as the alphabet or the mul- 
tiplication table; and this something it is the college's function 
to furnish. It is not only to contain, but to make men of vision. 

You cannot judge a man of vision by his looks, nor the vision 
itself by the colors in which it is pictured. You do not need to 
associate it wdth trance, except such trance, such ingrained en- 
thusiasm, as has become the natural way of living. One thing is 
certain: it is not in the air or painted on the clouds, not outside 
of us at all; and another: when we find it, it does not look so 
much like a vision as like a duty, a mission, a responsibility. It 
is the sense of a great need, and of an obligation to meet it 
according to what is in us. We will let Carlyle, in his odd, 
rugged way, express it for us, as he sees how the England of his 
time has a newly demanded claim upon it. "To irradiate with 
intelligence," he says, "that is to say, with order, arrangement 
and all blessedness, the Chaotic Unintelligent: how, except by 
educating, can you accomplish this.'^ ... If the whole English 
people, during these 'twenty years of respite,' be not educated, 
with at least schoolmaster's educating, a tremendous responsi- 
bility before God and man will rest somewhere." The man of 
vision feels the weight upon him, according to his calling and 
station. He may not add greatly to the world's minute and 
technical information, — Carlyle did not, — but to do something to 
promote straight seeing, which is what Carlyle means by "order, 
arrangement and all blessedness," is to follow a vision worthy 
of anv man. 



104 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

When, fifty years ago, so many Amherst students left their 
recitation-rooms nearly empty to go to the war, the romance of 
their youthful adventure soon faded to sombre prose, and there 
was no glamour left in their vision. • But they did not flinch. As 
the order came from their officers, they marched, they bivouacked, 
they went down into the smoke of battle where they could not 
see their foe. The generalship of the battle, the plan of the whole 
campaign, the meaning of the whole movement, were not theirs 
to realize. These are still debated questions which their grand- 
sons are studying. But neither did they go into battle as machines 
or mere bull-dogs. The fundamentals of their patriotic vision 
were still with them, enabling them patiently to do the next 
thing. They were turned toward the grand objective, though 
they could not see far or see through. Such a central outfit 
may be the possession of every one, — the slow scholar, the com- 
monplace man with the rest. For in every vital organism there 
is a pulsing germ, throbbing with individual worth. Under every 
manhood action there is a heart beating on toward the summit 
of manliood. And, after all, manhood, in its height and breadth, 
is the surviving objective, which exempts no one from true and 
authentic vision. Of this ultimate ideal, college, justly valued, 
is the favored habitat. To prove this real, one needs but to con- 
tribute his part to make it so. Teacher or student, he can 
make it a home open to the light and sky, and needing no 
apology. And he is not apt to find so favorable a place else- 
where. As a recent newspaper comment put it, "The colleges 
are catching it from all sides, but it would be a fortunate country 
if things went as well outside the college walls as they do within." 



WHEN the new semester opened, twenty-six men of the 
class just graduated were on the ground, to greet the 
older fellows once again and to observe and welcome 
the new-comers. This was partly fraternity business, perhaps, 

^ , ' but not all. It was largely the delightful 

How It feels to be p ^ j- • i 

Ai ^,,0 consciousness ol standmg m a new rela- 

an Alumnus , ^ ,, ^ • 1 • . ^i 

tionto the College. Is it not a plain truth 

that there is an educational value in being the youngest 

alumnus.'^ I was talking with one of these latest graduates who 



EDITORIAL NOTES 105 

had stayed on here several weeks after Commencement. He 
spoke of the more rational and reverent feeling that came upon 
him during those weeks as he thought of the College more in its 
large significance than he had done as an undergraduate. Many- 
things that had bulked large to the student mind disappeared, 
wiped out as if by a sponge, — the sense of arbitrary administrative 
rules, of athletic restrictions and regulations, of cross-purposes 
between student enterprises and the austere demands of the 
Facult}'. Things seemed to have fallen into reasonable order and 
proportion, and the administrative wisdom of the College as a 
W'hole to stand out as a matter of course. From a game to be 
played as between opponents or a law to be obeyed or evaded, 
the College had become a wise and brotherly comrade, or rather 
an Alma IVIater, to be loved and revered; and this new feeling 
seemed to hide or extenuate its faults. 

Not all graduates get the feeling so early. Some become so 
speedily immersed in the exactions of their livelihood or profes- 
sion that they hardly experience it at all: the cares of life have 
choked its free play. Many have to pass their lives in surround- 
ings where the college sentiment is unknown or despised, and so 
the feeling which the four undergraduate years were so adapted 
to engender does not have a fair chance. Such indifference, how- 
ever, is but temporary, and perhaps as superficial as an over- 
heated enthusiasm would be. The best alumni feeling comes with 
age and the matured mind reflecting on its life values. Then the 
college as it was comes back to him: he thinks of classmates still 
living in the memory of common hopes and experiences; the col- 
lege as it now is, with perhaps his own boys there to take his place, 
becomes a very real and present thing, with himself still a constit- 
uent element of it. In the present Freshman Class thirty sons 
of alumni are studying where their fathers studied ; thirty parents 
have a special interest in another quadrennium of college added to 
their student years. And to their feeling of pride in and affec- 
tion for the old place is added a sense of care and responsibility, 
so far as they may enter into its affairs, for the College's welfare 
and advancement. They are contributing their influence to 
make college studies yield better net proceeds; are telling their 
boys not to neglect what they neglected. They are thinking of 



( 

T 
106 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

better conditions, higher standards, richer courses. It is the 
ahimni pubhc spirit, hke that of a citizen for his town and com- 
monwealth. And this is the spirit from which the College de- ^' 
rives hope and courage. They are her children who in matured ^ 
age have become in turn protectors and advisers. i 

'i 
;■ 
I 
( 



THE HONOR SYSTEM 107 



THE HONOR SYSTEM IN RUDIMENTAL 
CONDITIONS 

BY HALLAM F. COATES 

AT the twenty-fifth-year reunion of the Class of 1886 we were 
/% delighted to find in how many ways old Amherst is abreast 
-^ -^ of the times. Not only has her material condition been 
improved by added buildings, better equipment, larger grounds, 
not only has her curriculum been modernized and enriched, but, 
by no means least of her improvements, the Honor System has 
been established. To-day every student who enters Amherst 
College is put, or rather puts himself, upon his honor as a man. 
The college examinations are held without faculty supervision. 
Each student declares upon his honor that he will neither give 
nor receive assistance, nor require any one else to do so. In 
case a student is caught cheating, he is cjuietly told not to present 
his examination paper. The few who have violated this rule 
were requested to leave college or were suspended for a time, ac- 
cording to their offence. 

This is the true test which determines whether the student 
is a real man or a fraud. It is an appeal to his noblest, his honest 
self. Amherst College has always aimed to produce men, and 
as such the world has welcomed them. The world soon discovers 
a fraud, and Amherst forestalls the world's judgment by main- 
taining that the fraud has no place in the college. She is not 
alone in this, indeed; and yet, astounding as it may appear, there 
are some colleges which by actual vote of the student body have 
refused to accept the Honor System. One is tempted to ask, 
if they put so little value on their honesty of work, what value 
they put upon their degree. The diploma from such a college 
means nothing to the honest student, and does not indicate the 
proper standing of the dishonest student. 

The training of the student under the Honor System is an 
appeal to what lies back of education, and what alone gives edu- 
cation genuine value, — namely, character. It does away w'ith 
the heedless idea w^hich has sometimes infested the student body, 



108 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

that the teacher is the natural enemy of the student. It does 
away with the idea that college education is a game to be played, 
in which not the ablest, but the shrewdest man wins. It raises 
the student above the pernicious thought that he is expected to 
do good work only as long as he is watched. And all this because 
the college has committed itself to the principle that the surest 
way to prove a man trustworthy is to trust him. Thus it is a 
direct means of developing that self-respect which is a most valu- 
able asset to take with him into his professional or business life. 
It teaches him, or rather it takes for granted, that men of honor 
do not commit crimes. Nor do they, in the vast majority of 
cases, need precept or compulsion to call forth their sense of honor. 
They need only opportunity. Honor is born in men, and it 
always responds when properly inspired. 

It may seem invidious, when the conditions are so different, 
to suggest a comparison between college and a prison; but, where 
the sense of honor does not prevail, college life may be, for many, 
too much like serving a sentence, and the instructors may appear 
too much in the light of wardens and keepers. And, on the other 
hand, it is being proved in a wonderful manner, in some institu- 
tions of our land, that, where honor is frankly appealed to and 
trusted, a prison may be divested of many of its evil features, 
and become a place of normal relations and training in character 
and hope. Human nature is much the same, whether a man's 
work is study or tilling the ground. 

The writer of this paper, revisiting his. Alma Mater after 
twenty-five years, comes from the management of an institution 
where the Honor System is applied; and he is moved to tell his 
fellow-alumni something of its methods and success. 

At the Ohio State Reformatory at Mansfield, Ohio, it has 
been proved that the Honor System makes men of felons. When 
the honorable members of the International Prison Congress, 
which met last year in Washington, were on their visit to that 
institution, they were amazed to find nearly two hundred men 
at work on the farm outside of the prison walls, without armed 
restraint, except guards to direct them as foremen. 

A prison is at best an abnormal place in which to live. This 
fact, of course, cannot be overlooked. The prisoner comes to 
it under compulsion, with the shame and guilt of his crime upon 



THE HONOR SYSTEM 109 

him. But it is really the tendency to crime — the man himself — 
that makes the prison abnormal; and, the nearer it can be man- 
aged to meet the normal conditions outside, the sooner and the 
better will be fitted those who are expected to be released into 
society. To this end the prisoner is made aware from the begin- 
ning that the normal conditions of his prison life depend upon 
himself. Every prisoner who enters the reformatory is received 
and regarded not so much as a criminal as virtually a sick man, — 
a man to be treated physically, mentally, and morally with a 
view^ to sound recovery and fitness for society. When it is ascer- 
tained that he has developed sufficiently, the opportunity is given 
him to sign a bond'. The psychological time for him to be bonded 
as a "trusty" is when he confesses and shows by his own actions 
that he wants to regain what he lost when he entered upon crime; 
namelj^ his self-respect, or honor. 

Thus it will be seen that the prisoner is not treated on merely 
tender or sentimental grounds, — a thing which his self-respect 
would resent. He is simply treated as if he were not all bad; 
as if a man faulty in other ways, even to the extent of crime, 
might still be a man of his word. The bond has behind it the 
government against which he has offended, with its legal forms 
and precision. It takes him into partnership with law and order. 
It makes his honor a real and, so to say, a negotiable thing. 

The bond is highly valued by the prisoners, and, when they 
are released, it is used as a recommendation and proof that their 
trustworthiness has earned the respect and confidence of the 
officers of the institution. In nearly every case the prisoner who 
has made good under the bond does so when released under 
parole for citizenship. There is evidence that many value it, not 
as a certificate merely, but for the honor, the character, that it 
represents. In one instance, when a colored boy was being 
interrogated for the jjurpose of determining whether it would 
be safe to place him under bond, the following conversation en- 
sued : " Bob, if I place you out on the farm, would you run away ? " 
"No, indeed, Mr. Superintendent, ah comes into dis 'ere insti- 
tution honorably, an' ah wants you understand ah means to go 
out honorably." 

The following is a copy of the bond under which he is expected 
to conduct himself "as becomes a man and a good citizen." 



THE HONOR SYSTEM 111 

The Honor System at Mansfield was introduced seven years 
ago. Since that time about nineteen hundred prisoners have had 
the benefit of it, covering individual periods of one to eighteen 
months. The institution records show that ten men have tried to 
escape or break their honor bonds, but that only five succeeded for 
any considerable length of time, and all except one have been re- 
turned to the institution. During the past summer the number 
placed outside the prison on the seven-hundred-and-fifty-acre farm 
was increased to over two hundred and twenty-five. The results 
of their labor in farming was not only highly profitable to the State, 
but vastly more so to the individual and society, because it made 
it possible for the prisoner to demonstrate his trustworthiness, 
and thereby gain his freedom. 

Since the Reformatory was established twelve years ago, four 
thousand prisoners have been paroled on their honor. Of this 
number more than thirty -two hundred have not re-entered crime. 
Were it not for the Honor System, a large number of these men 
would now be behind prison bars as felons. The Honor System 
in a prison or reformatory cannot be decreed: it must be grown. 
An attempt to establish it in the penitentiary resulted in complete 
failure: nineteen trusties ran away in sixteen months. It must 
be the outgrowth of a hearty public opinion among the inmates. 
They must feel that success depends upon the individual worthi- 
ness of each prisoner. And the extent to which they respond, in 
all the acts and sentiments of free citizens, is a matter of great 
encouragement, even of wonder. It amazes even prison author- 
ities when they learn that more than seventy -five prisoners have 
been allowed to return home, wearing citizens'' clothing, without 
guard, to visit their sick and bury their dead. Not one of them 
has violated his trust, nor brought dishonor upon himself. Penol- 
ogists now recognize the efficiency of the system as the surest 
means of making citizens of felons. 

So satisfactory have these results been that the legislature 
has passed what is known as the "Suspended Sentence" law, 
which grants to the courts the power to place a first offender on 
probation without commitment to a penal institution. This 
affords the convicted man one chance to demonstrate to society 
that he can be law-abiding without the punishment of going to 
prison and the life stigma that attaches to that punishment. In 



112 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

Ohio six hundred and sixty-four young men received suspended 
sentence from the courts, and were placed on probation; that is 
to say, on their honor. These young men do not come to the 
reformatory, but report monthly by letter, and are seen at regu- 
lar intervals by a parole officer. Of this number, two hundred 
and seventy-five have made good, and have received their final 
discharge. At present one hundred and ninety are on proba- 
tion, doing well. There have been one hundred and thirty-one 
sent to the Reformatory for violation of their probation, and 
only sixty-eight have violated their honor and have not been 
returned. 

By the trusty system the internal prison morale is greatly 
improved, not only to individual prisoners, but in instances to 
the entire inmate population. It is the primal influence to raise 
the whole tone of this at best abnormal place toward the plane 
of the wholesome and normal. To this must be added, of course, 
education, both literary and practical, — the literary, in order to 
bring out and steady the moral understanding; the practical 
training, as given by the trades-school, the better to enable the 
discharged man to make an honest living, and so free himself 
from the necessity of crime. Nor does it do to make this edu- 
cational work a routine or perfunctory affair. The internal good 
morale in a prison can be promoted only by the square-deal plan, 
which includes fair courts of inquiry and appeal, schools of ethics, 
lectures, musicales, games, and religious meetings. These, with 
the help of the superintendent, the chaplain, and managers, in 
individual and group talks to the men, are amo'ng the means that 
make for the Honor System in place of the means devised by 
a cruel and antiquated system of punishment. 

The Honor System, although it has passed its experimental 
stage, is still comparatively new, and is not yet working under 
the most desirable conditions. The treatment of prisoners in our 
advanced penal institutions has far outgrown the old prison 
construction. Most of the reformatories are from one to five 
decades old, while the new Honor System has been developed 
within the last half-decade. In order to raise it to its highest 
efficiency, new prison conditions will be necessary. Instead of 
the large cell-houses now in general use, which preclude the ideal 
of segregation, the modern type of architecture will require 



THE HONOR SYSTEM 113 

houses for small groups of prisoners; and most of these houses 
will need neither cells nor bars. With such conditions secured, 
it is felt that the Honor System, having removed as far as pos- 
sible the traces of "man's inhumanity to man," will have taken 
a long step forward. 

All this, however, noble as it is and aspires to be, is a belated 
thing: it is like curing the disease instead of preventing it. In 
order to make the Honor System ideal, we must go back to the 
beginnings of education. It should be cultivated in the homes 
and in the primary grades of the schools. The truth should be 
made morally clear that it is just as wrong to crib or cheat in les- 
sons as it is to steal a pencil or a book. If this were emphasized 
through the grammar grades, it would eliminate from the Reform- 
atory many of the nominal prisoners. If insisted on through 
the high school until the sentiment of it became a matter of course, 
it would make unnecessary the attest of the college man to his 
examination paper. There is just a little jarring note in this 
last feature, as if there were still some whose honor were not so 
sure of itself as to go without certified mention, as if in some 
quarters the honor were valued for the credit it brings rather 
than for the virtue itself. This is said not for criticism. Human 
nature, even in the bracing atmosphere of a college, is not cjuite 
infallible yet. All hail to Amherst and her Honor System! but, 
when '86 comes back for her fiftieth anniversary, may the stand- 
ard of honor be so developed, so ingrained beyond a formal "sys- 
tem," that no pledge will be necessary. Perhaps by that time, 
too, the places where the system is most needed, where it is like 
health recovered with difficulty from the disease that has under- 
mined it, will show as great an advance in their way through the 
influence of a more humane and Christ-like prison system. 



114 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

TWO POEMS 

WILLIAM L. CORBIN 

Some time before the Quarterly was projected, the Editor obtained sight 
of a certain portfoHo, in which had been accumulated poems, one by one, imtil 
there were nearly enough to make a volume. Some have been published. These 
two have not. The first, however, was contributed to a private memorial presented 
by the Century Company, after Mr. Gilder's death, to Mrs. Gilder. — Editor. 

RICHARD WATSON GILDER 

The gentleness of old Italian skies, 

The strength of his beloved New England hills, 

The eagerness of childhood, and the charm 

Of dawn, all mingled in those radiant eyes 

Of his, — and more, for there was love that stills 

The poor man's cry, and fire that flames alarm 

To civic battle unafraid, and, far 

Beyond, the Olympian light of one fixed star. 



POE 

There fell upon the starless midnight hour 
A strain of love and longing; not of sea. 
Or land, or heaven, seemed its nativity. 
But in some dark domain where demons cower. 
Some sad ethereal gulf, some mystic tower. 
Wherein a great soul struggled to be free. 
Pouring its anguish out in melody 
So wildly sweet that autumn wind and shower 
Were hushed to hear. I listened to the strain, 
Awakened from the dream in which I lay. 
And at my window till the night was gone 
I felt the air all rapture and all pain, — 
And, when the haunting passion died away, 
On the familiar hills I saw the dawn. 



i 



SOUNDING THE KEYNOTE 115 



SOUNDING THE KEYNOTE 

A COMMENT AND AN EXCHANGE OF LETTERS 

"■"■ ^OR the appeal is lawful (though it may be it shall not be 
■H needful) from the first cogitations of men to their second, 
-*- and from the nearer times to the times further off." 
These words, in which readers will detect something of the same 
rich Baconian flavor, occur just after the passage of the "Ad- 
vancement of Learning," which Professor Woodbridge has chosen 
as the nucleus of his article on "The Enterprise of Learning," in 
the initial number of the Quarterly. The appeal, as amplified 
by our honored alumnus, has turned out to be potent in the same 
way that Bacon anticipated. It has provoked reflection. It has 
caused, or rather is causing, many of our alumni, who were, per- 
haps, a little too complacently acquiescing in things as they were, 
to launch out from first cogitations to second. Such a wholesome 
advance is surely lawful; in the present educational juncture it 
is more, it is needful. For over our academic horizon is opening 
up a vista, dim as yet and unarticulated, into "the times further 
off"; we need some calculation and clear sense of direction; we 
need foothold. The issue does not concern one college alone, or 
our particular administrative policy as compared with that of 
others; is not an issue between bright scholars and dull, or dili- 
gent students and loafers. Only in a secondary sense, indeed, 
is it a college issue at all. It takes us rather into the sphere of 
absolute values. It stands just where Bacon put it three hun- 
dred years ago; it is the spacious corollary of the Advancement 
of Learning. We are confronting not a new thing, but a new de- 
termination of an old thing; that, in fact, is our perennial plight 
in a world where there is nothing new, and yet where the constant 
pulsation is to make all things new. The world of learning, of 
adventurous reason, is feeling this pulsation to-day; and in this 
it is comrade and work-fellow with the world of religion, of social 
adjustment, of business and vocational activity. It is an undi- 
vided universe, after all, that we are living in; we divide it up and 
analyze it only to make its respective lines clearer. Each line, as 



116 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

it goes out through all the earth, has its own music and melody; 
it behooves us, as we address ourselves to each, to find its true 
signature and keynote. Here, as it seems to the present writer, 
is the eminent service that Professor Woodbridge has rendered us 
in his plea for the Enterprise of Learning. He has sounded the 
keynote. It is worth our while, therefore, if it is not clear to us 
at once, at least to pass from first cogitations to second. 

As the melody has hitherto been played in our academic con- 
certo, it has come to be much beset by overtones; has sometimes 
worked out its theme in fantastic figurations played to the gal- 
leries; has eschewed the austerities of pure form for the allure- 
ments, not to say the vagaries, of programme music. Or, to 
drop the figure, the enterprise of learning has too often clogged 
its purpose with the exactions of other enterprises, all legitimate 
in their way to be sure, and necessary to a full-furnished life, but 
tending, if unguarded, to undue usurpation. For this there seems, 
at first thought, to be no little warrant, as our educational insti- 
tutions estimate their ideal. Here are forward-looking young men 
from all ranks of life and with all varieties of career before them; 
we look at each as he comes, and cannot but think, 

"So many worlds, so much to do, 
So little done, such things to be. 
How know I what [has] need of thee. 
For thou [art] strong as thou [art] true.''" * 

What a multitude of claims are besieging them all at once, — 
vocation, religion, society, recreation, — and all so imperative! 
What can an institution of learning do with all these claims? 
how proportion and balance them, in the interests of the full- 
furnished man we are seeking to educate? President Lowell's 
view of "the high object of education, which may be briefly de- 
scribed as enlightenment and service," is also ours; it cannot be 
gainsaid. But how can the multitudinous strands that belong 
to such education be woven together? Can we deal with them 
all? Four years are short for the task. 

Professor Woodbridge's keynote is plain, — is it too plain, too 
exclusively delimited? This is the question left to our "second 
cogitations." His plea resolves itself into this: College is an in- 
stitutipn of learning; the one enterprise for which it is established 

*In the original of this quoted stanza the tenses are past. 



SOUNDING THE KEYNOTE 117 

and endowed is the enterprise of learning; and this, with all 
singleness of aim, it is bound to promote. The claims of other 
enterprises may be left to institutions adapted to them, or, since 
they are here, to the healthful course of human intelligence. 
They are here as problems of work and livelihood, worship and 
intercourse, are here and everywhere. But, while this treatment 
may seem to leave them to themselves, it really is not so, far from 
so. Rather, it gets in behind and beneath them. The enterprise 
of learning, of putting reason and intelligence as the bases of life, 
supplies the enlightenment which alone gives them true manhood 
value. It neither interferes with these claims nor ignores them. 
It works by its intrinsic potency to make them sane, intelligent, 
proportioned. 

It could not be expected but that so unequivocal a keynote 
would cut into the smaller strains of melody that have come to 
reverberate in the college symphony; yes, and the larger ones, 
too. It seems at first intention to invade the venerable college 
tradition which from the old-fashioned days has been in noble 
dominance. Especially insistent is what may be called the 
evangelical note so long dominant in the earlier days of a col- 
lege founded largely in the interests of the Christian ministry. 
The place of this in the new harmony — or discord — must be esti- 
mated, to say nothing of the many other interests which the im- 
mense broadening of college aims has brought into the field. We 
have noted the effect with great and sympathetic interest, and 
not wholly without a sense of the humor of the situation. It re- 
minded us of a certain time described in Scripture, when Deborah 
called on the tribes to declare themselves, thus sounding the key- 
note of a venturesome campaign, a larger unity of tune. But 
some were reluctant to leave their more agreeable arrangements; 
the pastoral tune sufficed them. 

" Why sattest thou among the sheepfolds. 
To hear the pipings for the flocks? 
At the watercourses of Reuben 
There were great searchings of heart." 

They got beyond the range of shepherd pipings in time, as we 
know; and perhaps it was just as well to be cautious until they 
were sure of their ideal. In the present case the "searchings of 



118 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

heart" have been eminently wholesome, directed as they have 
been to the question whether they were listening to the keynote 
of a smaller or a larger melody. For already the desire for the 
highest and most liberal values was in their heart. 

As showing the main point on which the discussion focussed, 
we are permitted to append here two letters, which we feel sure 
will do much to clarify our thoughts on the important educational 
issue that our time is confronting. Their occasion explains itself. 

November 17, 1911. 
My dear Professor Woodhridge: 

I was at Amherst a few days ago, and, meeting a group of 
professors at lunch, I introduced as a topic of conversation your 
article in the Amherst Quarterly, "The Enterprise of Learn- 
ing." A very lively and, on the whole, illuminating discussion 
followed, with a good deal of diversity of opinion. 

Several of the professors indorsed your position without quali- 
fication. One of them, at least, thought that you were speaking 
rhetorically in order to stress effectively your appeal for greater 
attention to the intellectual side of college life. Others seriously 
called in question your main position, as I must confess I did 
myself. 

Now I have always gone on the theory that, if you differ from 
a man, the best way is to tell him so, in the hope that the differ- 
ence may prove to be merely a misunderstanding. In this spirit, 
I am writing you on the subject. 

I may say that with the main drift of your article I find myself 
heartily in accord. The article is an exceptionally strong one, 
and calls attention to a serious defect in American college life. 
To this extent you have certainly placed all who are interested 
in college administration under great obligation. If it is simply 
a question of emphasis as between mental discipline and what 
you call the outside interests, including character building, then 
I am not inclined to take issue with you. If, however, it is not 
a matter of emphasis, but of aim in modern education, then 
there are statements in your article which cut across some of my 
most cherished ideals. Let me quote one or two sentences which 
have caught my attention. 



SOUNDING THE KEYNOTE 119 

On page 15, where you are giving us what amounts to an 
educational creed, you say: "He frankly beheves in the intel- 
lectual life as a better life for man than any other. He holds to 
the conviction that it is far more important to make young people 
intelligent, rationally alert and inquisitive, blest with a buoyant 
and trained imagination, than it is to make them efficient or to 
make them good." On the same page you state, "He is assured 
that the world suffers more from ignorance and folly than it does 
from vice and crime." 

Now the above statements put forth absolutely, as they are 
here, suggest to me the inquiry whether your ideal of education 
is not Greek rather than Christian. Does it not imply that the 
intellect is supreme in man rather than the spirit? If I gained 
anything at Amherst, it was that man must be considered pri- 
marily as a spiritual being. I remember the prominence Profes- 
sor Garman used to give to the Scriptural statement as to man 
being "a partaker of the divine nature." Should not this con- 
ception of human personality dominate our educational ideals.' 
I have always understood that Amherst stood for a spiritual 
philosophy as against mere intellectualism. 

Now I have little doubt but that you will say the same, and 
yet I do not find a basis for such a theory in your article. I 
find important qualifications here and there, as in the emphasis 
which you place upon rational thinking and in the illustrations 
which you use; but my eye keeps coming back to these bald 
statements as to the supreme importance of the intellect. 

Hence I have taken the liberty of writing you on the subject. 
This is a big question to discuss in a letter, and perhaps I should 
not expect it of you, but, if you can throw some light on the 
above quotations, I shall greatly appreciate the favor. 

One of the Amherst professors expressed the opinion that your 
ideal looked to building up a college primarily for students of 
exceptional intellectual ability rather than for the average man, 
and that as such your conception of the college was academic 
rather than practical. If that is not too much of a leading ques- 
tion, I should like to pass it on to you. Professor Genung told 
me that one purpose of the Quarterly was to stir up just such 
discussions as we enjoyed at this luncheon. 

I do rejoice in the splendid article which you have written 



120 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

and in the simply magnificent emphasis you place upon learning 
as an enterprise. I value the article so much for Amherst and 
for other institutions that it will be the keenest kind of disap- 
pointment on my part if I am obliged to find myself in funda- 
mental disagreement with your position. 

Very sincerely yours, 

Cornelius H. Patton. 



November 22, 1911. 
Dear Dr. Patton: 

Perhaps the best way to answer your very kind letter about 
my article in the Amherst Quarterly is to indicate a little more 
clearly the idea I mean to convey by stressing so emphatically 
the intellectual life. Let me first, however, express my very great 
appreciation of your kindness in writing me and of your interest 
in the article. 

I take it that intelligence is something added, as it were, to 
our natural instincts, emotions, feelings, habits, propensities, and 
conduct. It does not create these things; they are rather the 
natural outcome of our human needs. But the intellect may 
clarify them so that we perform our natural functions intelligently. 
I therefore desired to suggest such contrasts as the following: 
between morality and intelligent morality; between religion and 
intelligent religion; between spirituality and intelligent spirit- 
uality; between scholarship and intelligent scholarship. And 
I desired to give expression to my conviction that, unless edu- 
cation succeeds in carrying young men from the first half of such 
contrasts to the second, it fails, no matter how much of the first 
it succeeds in promoting. It has seemed to me, further, that our 
Americaii colleges have not been marked by such an appreciation 
of the significance of the intellectual life. In stressing character 
and service and efficiency, for instance, they have too frequently 
lost sight of the fact that young men can be drilled as soldiers 
in the performance of even heroic duties without, however, at any 
time reflecting on what they are doing. They may be made so 
patriotic that they are willing to die for their country in any 
cause whatsoever. It seems to me unlikely that young men 



SOUNDING THE KEYNOTE 121 

trained after such a manner will be prepared to meet the emer- 
gencies of their own lives or of the nation with wise foresight or 
constructive statesmanship. I suppose I might put the central 
point of the essay as simply as this: The only reason that we have 
mind is that human life may be rationally construed. The enter- 
prise of learning is consequently the attempt to bring all the rest 
of our life within the domain of reflection, so that, whatever we 
do or enjoy or believe, we do and enjoy and believe as intelli- 
gent beings. 

I think, therefore, you will appreciate that, while the ideal of 
education thus suggested is Greek, — and naturally so, because 
it is Greece that has educated the world, — it involves no contrast 
with Christianity as a religious faith. It does not ask whether 
men are Christian, but w^hether they are intelligently Christian. 
I have no desire to further the promotion — indeed, I am radically 
opposed to it — of anything like intellectual snobbery. My desire 
is rather to encourage an appreciation of human life that will be 
at once sympathetic and rational. 

Very truly yours, 

Frederick J. E. Woodbridge. 



From this exchange of letters, in which, doubtless, many of the 
alumni are disposed to make Dr. Patton their own spokesman, 
we are simply brought back to the article itself, as thus expounded 
by its author. We are not called upon to take sides, but to con- 
sider and strike a just balance of values. One may presume that, 
if Professor Woodbridge were to dictate the reception of his 
plea, he would merely add to his quotation from Bacon the next 
sentence: "As for my labors, if any man shall please himself or 
others in the reprehension of them, they shall make that ancient 
and patient request, Verbera, sed audi; let men reprehend them, 
so they observe and weigh them." 

"Alas! the great world goes its way. 
And takes its truth from each new day; ... 
Does that the whole wide plan explain.' 
Ah, yet consider it again!" 



122 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



SI)? Aml)?r0t JUuBtrwufi 



THE visitor to the Harvard Memorial or to the Hall of 
Christchurch, Oxford, finds himself, not without a deep 
feeling of veneration, surrounded by a distinguished com- 
pany, whose very silence is eloquent beyond words. There, look- 
ing out serenely from their frames, are the portraits, freshly 
limned or mouldered with time, of men whom age and vicissitude 
have ceased to touch, who have become world-factors in learning, 
literature, public affairs, history, and whose works do follow them. 
Few of them, perhaps, are known tp him, for most of their work 
has been reticent and hidden; but he knows from the fact that 
they are thus honored there that their life's effect still abides in 
the place where they have studied or taught, and that the place 
itself is made illustrious by their reflected lustre. If this is true of 
a casual visitor, it is doubly so of those whose daily lives are passed 
in silent converse with men who in their time have been students 
in those very halls, as youthful and merry as they, or have min- 
istered of their wisdom and personality in the lecture-rooms 
where now successors are unconsciously storing up like honors. 
It is a noble impulse which in these later years has moved the 
alumni of Amherst to furnish the College with portraits of her 
distinguished sons. Already the chapel walls are well furnished 
with such memorials. Four portraits were presented at the last 
Commencement. From this growing portrait gallery we draw 
this month for our Amherst Illustrious, beginning with one, still 
living in honored age, whose vigorous and trenchant work, done 
here at Amherst, will be recalled with a sense of its unique power 
by many a graduate, and going on to some account of two world- 
known scholars, whose work done elsewhere has yet had power 
in Amherst class-rooms and has greatly enriched the cause of 
learning and literature in the world. 



/t3 




ELIJAH PADDOCK HARRIS, Pr.D., LL.D. 
Amhkkst, 1855; Professor Emkritis of Chemistry, Amhkrst College 

From Painting by Eduin B. Child, '90 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 125 



ELIJAH PADDOCK HARRIS 

PRESENTATION ADDRESS 
george gilbert pond 

Gentlemen of the Faculty, of the Trustees, Fellow Alumni 
AND Friends: 

It is a pleasant duty and a valued privilege which falls to me 
at this hour to be permitted to return to my Alma Mater as the 
representative of several hundred loyal Amherst alumni for the 
purpose of presenting to the College this portrait of Elijah Paddock 
Harris. 

In the performance of this duty it is no part of my intention 
to enter into any history of Professor Harris's career or to at- 
tempt, even in epitome, a sketch of his connection with the Col- 
lege, nor yet to point to his unique influence on the life and 
thought of Amherst men. 

This is neither the time nor the place for eulogy. Who can 
tell the measure of a man, or who indeed can place a gauge upon 
the influence of a life.'' 

Of Harris the character, however, I may say a passing word, 
for it is fitting that those of his students who join with the artist, 
also an Amherst alumnus, in perpetuating these features on can- 
vas, should make tribute of their true regard and love for him 
to whom they owe so large a debt. 

Professor Harris, more than any other American chemist of 
his day, has for years instilled into his pupils the spirit of Fried- 
rich Wohler, that great master at whose feet he sat as a youthful 
student of natural science in the University of Gottingen, now 
well towards six decades ago. 

Modest, unassuming, yet ever kindly, though forceful and 
incisive, and positive withal, always commanding sound, hard 
work on the part of his pupils, yet proceeding with his instruc- 
tion in absolute defiance of all so-called method, he impresses his 
personality upon all who come in contact with him, and he has 
imparted to his students for half a century that love of science 
for science's sake, and that inherent love of teaching which so 



126 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

characterized his illustrious preceptor, and at the same time he 
has engendered a spirit of avoidance of the too great allurements 
of the almighty dollar, which Friedrich Wohler so cordially 
despised. 

Others have claimed, and may claim, the title of "Father of 
Chemistry in America," but to Harris, more than to any one else, 
I believe, belongs the title "Father of American Teachers of 
Chemistry." His influence and his inspiration reach not only 
to the first generation of his pupils, but to the second and third 
generation, for his academic grandchildren and even great-grand- 
children are disciples of Wohler to-day, through that subtle influ- 
ence which Harris wields, though many of them may be entirely 
unconscious of the fact. 

Professor Harris has placed an unusual number of teachers of 
chemistry in various colleges and universities throughout the 
land, — a fact which is frequently commented upon. Without 
exception he holds a warm place in the hearts of all who have 
truly known him, nor does he ever forget them. No college 
teacher anywhere was ever called the "Old Man" with greater 
measure of affection and esteem than he. 

Such are the considerations, gentlemen, which lead us to 
place this dear face upon these academic walls, together with 
those of Seelye and Mather, and Tyler and Hitchcock, and Root 
and Garman, and many others, as a constant reminder to oncom- 
ing generations of students that our lives have been better because 
we were permitted to know such noble souls as these. 

President Harris, I now have the honor, on behalf of the 
donors, formally to place this portrait, fresh from the skilful hand 
of the artist, Mr. Edwin Burrage Child of the Class of 1890, in 
your official hands for safe keeping so long as colors and canvas 
shall endure. 



I^■1 




FRANCIS A. MARCH, LL.D. 

AMHf.Ksr, 1H43 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 129 

TWO AMHERST PHILOLOGISTS 

FOSTER W. STEARNS 

RECENT years have witnessed a tremendous development 
in American higher education. This is seen not merely in 
the increased number of colleges and universities and in 
the swelling enrolment lists that nearly all report: the develop- 
ment on the material side is even more marked. Vast sums of 
money have been invested in bricks and mortar — to say nothing 
of granite and marble — for the proper housing of Alma ]\Iater 
and her ever-growing brood, ^^^le^e our fathers witnessed experi- 
ments in "natural science" performed on the professor's desk 
with the simplest of home-made apparatus, the present genera- 
tion does its own experimenting in light and airy laboratories, 
equipped with every device in the way of chemical or physical 
apparatus that the purse of the college or of its benefactors can 
afford. The first laboratory of Amherst College is now the 
furnace-room under the chapel. 

With this development, as with all good things, a danger has 
gone hand in hand; the danger, namely, in this case, which is so 
common to the American people, of lapsing into a simple, child- 
like faith in the potency of material equipment and the sufficiency 
of material prosperity. To be sure, every college-educated man 
must know better than this, in his inmost heart; but, after all, 
we are the children of our age, and it is easy for the best of us to 
make spiritual surrender to the silent but pervasive influences 
that surround us. We know and admire President Garfield's 
definition of a college, but, if we were starting a college ourselves, 
we are very sure that the material equipment would be repre- 
sented by something more elaborate than a log. 

When one's spirit is oppressed by the material world in any 
department of human endeavor, there is no surer relief than to 
turn to the lives of those who have triumphed over material 
obstacles, and vindicated the eternal supremacy of man's spiritual 
nature over all such outward handicaps. And in the realm of 
education there is nothing more inspiring than to read of the 



130 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

early struggles of the older American colleges, and witness the 
results that were produced under circumstances that to the well- 
equipped regularly (if not heavily) paid teacher of to-day would 
seem well-nigh hopeless. 

All this a propos of the fact that the two men who are grouped 
in the title of this article were the product of the darkest days 
in the history of Amherst College. Francis Andrew March en- 
tered college in 1841, when no one knew if the college could sur- 
vive from term to term; William James Rolfe, in 1845, when a 
new day was just dawning, and all its friends were hoping against 
hope that the new President Hitchcock might succeed in putting 
the institution on its feet again. Professor Tyler has passed over 
lightly, in his History of the College, what he knew of that dismal 
period. It is only from old letters of the time that we can 
realize the mental and even physical sufferings of the Faculty, as 
they declined to receive their salaries, and lived along from hand 
to mouth as best they could, in order that the college to which 
they had devoted their lives might keep its doors open. A hope- 
less task, a useless struggle, the materialist would have said. 
Yet they fought on for the sake of the ideal that they had at heart. 
And what better vindication could they have than the names of 
Seelye, March, Rolfe, — men who went through the dark days 
with them, and passed out to carr\^ on in wider spheres the schol- 
arly devotion that had marked their lives? Surely, those of that 
steadfast little band who lived to watch their pupils take their 
place in the world might say, "We have seen of the travail of 
our soul and are satisfied." 

Francis March came to college from Worcester at the age of 
sixteen, well qualified to make the most of the opportunities that 
were offeretl him, and already well started in the knowledge and 
love of English literature that was to be at the foundation of his 
long life's work. Although the foundation was thus early laid, 
however, Amherst College was to give the edifice a new and 
vitally important stimulus. Noah Webster, who had been a 
leader in the founding of the college, was still living in Amherst 
when young March entered college; and, although he was not a 
member of the Faculty, he lectured on English subjects. Profes- 
sor Fowler, too, son-in-law of Dr. Webster, did much to turn the 
student's interest in this direction, introducing him, for example. 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 131 

to the study of Anglo-Saxon. March graduated with high stand- 
ing in 1845, and spent the next four years in what was ultimately 
to be his life-work, teaching. In 1849 he entered upon the study 
of law, and practised for a time; but, ill-health forcing him to 
give up the hope of a legal career, he sought a warmer climate, 
and taught for three years in Virginia. In 1855 he went to 
Lafaj^ette College at Easton, Pa., as tutor, and two years later 
he was appointed to the Chair of English Language and Com- 
parative Philology. The title shows that he had found his life- 
work. 

It does not show, however, what a range his incidental work 
covered. He first attracted attention by philosophical articles, 
while at one time or another he was called on to teach philosophy, 
Greek, Latin, French, German, political economy and botany, — 
and all this in the face of continued ill-health. Called on to face 
crises in the growth of Lafayette similar to those he had seen so 
bravely met at Amherst, he was not unworthy of his preceptors, 
but took a leading part in the struggle against unpaid salaries 
and faculty dissensions, remaining loyal to the college in spite 
of tempting calls to larger work at Princeton and elsewhere. 
His reward for this self-sacrifice came in the devotion of succes- 
sive generations of Lafayette men and in the esteem of the 
people of Easton, who came to look upon him as their first and 
most distinguished citizen. 

This, however, was only one side of his distinction; for he 
gained his widest fame not as a teacher nor as a citizen, but as a 
student and writer in the field of English philology, of which he 
was almost the pioneer in this country. While still in college, he 
had conceived the idea of teaching English classics, like Greek 
classics, by a thorough study of the text, word by word, studying 
also the life and times of the author for the light they could throw 
on the interpretation of the w^ork. This method he applied while 
teaching school immediately after his graduation; and, when he 
wxnt to Lafayette, he extended and developed it, making it the 
distinctive feature of his work, and training up pupils who carried 
the system into other institutions, making it widely known. 

During the first fifteen years of his life at Lafayette he was 
laboring steadily toward the completion of his "Anglo-Saxon 
Grammar," published in 1871. The fruit of a profound study 



132 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

of all that German scholarship could afford, this epoch-making 
book was the first thoroughly scientific Anglo-Saxon grammar 
in the English language; and it at once gained for its author a 
world-wide reputation among philologists. The great distinction 
of this, as of his teaching, lay in the recognition of the principle 
of Comparative Philology; and so near is this to being the heart 
and core of his life's work that it may be well to quote his concep- 
tion of it in his own words : — 

"A thorough method of philological study plainly has questions 
to ask of psychology, since the general laws of language are on one 
side also the laws of mind; it includes the study of the history and 
character of a race and their language, and of the nature in which . 
they have lived; ... it includes the study of the life and times, 
and of the character of the author, since his idiotisms are a result- 
ant of the influences of the age and his own genius; it implies the 
study of many books in many languages, since it is only by a com- 
parison of works of different nations and ages that we can find out 
the peculiarities of each nation, age, and person. . . . The science 
of language (Comparative Philology) has a still wider range; it 
seeks to know and reduce to system all the facts and laws of speech, 
and to ground them in laws of mind and of the organs of speech: 
there is no nook of man's mind or heart, or will, no part of his 
nature or history, into which the student of language may not 
be called to look." "To have been the apostle of this gospel," 
says Professor Bright, of Johns Hopkins University, "is to have 
imparted a new and virile vitality to English Scholarship." 

Of all the vast volume of work that followed the "Grammar" 
we have not room to speak : the merest outline must serve to show 
on how many sides he touched life in his work as a philologist. He 
was from its inception the president of the Spelling Reform Asso- 
ciation, the editor-in-chief of the Standard Dictionary, the Ameri- 
can editor of the great Oxford Dictionary, several times president 
of the xA.merican Philological Association and the Modern Lan- 
guage Association of America, the only honorary member of 
the Philological Society of London. He died September 9, 1911, 
in his eighty -sixth year. 

The quotation from Professor March will serve to show the 
secret of his wide vision and large achievement. He philosophized 
his subject. It is no mere incident that his first distinction was 



/33 




WILLIAM J. ROLFE, M.A., Litt.D. 
Amherst, 1849 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 135 

gained by philosophical writing; nor is it to be overlooked that 
a thorough drill in the narrow curriculum of a moribund New 
England college led very directly to the vigorous grasp and broad 
outlook which made him at once the reviver of a forgotten litera- 
ture and the militant champion of spelling reform. 

Perhaps Dr. Rolfe would not be classed at first thought as a 
"philologist"; and yet his literary work was marked by a scien- 
tific regard for detail and exactitude which shows him the scholar 
and not the mere "man of letters." The outward details of his 
life are cjuickly told. He entered college from Lowell, Massa- 
chusetts, with the class of 1849, numbering among his classmates 
President Seelye and Dr. Hitchcock. He was unable, however, 
to complete his course, and left college at the end of his Junior 
year to spend twenty years as a teacher. The college gave him 
his degree "as of the class of 1849" in 1871. After the first four 
years all his teaching was done in the public high schools of his 
native State, he being head-master successively at Dorchester, 
Lawrence, Salem, and Cambridge. He evidently early gained dis- 
tinction in his chosen calling, since in 1859 he received the honor- 
ary degree of A.M. from Harvard College, being described in his 
diploma as "egregium preceptorem, bonis Uteris deditum." 

In 1865, however, he took the first step which led to his aban- 
donment of teaching, by publishing, in collaboration with J. H. 
Hanson, a "Handbook of Latin Poetry." This was followed by 
a volume more in the line of his ultimate life-work, an American 
edition of Craik's "English of Shakespeare"; but his next publi- 
cation was a far remove, being "The Cambridge Course in Phys- 
ics," in six volumes, edited in connection with Professor J. A. 
Gillett. These various topics, together with the fact that he was 
for a time editor of the "Boston Journal of Chemistry," suggest 
the omniscience that is too often required of the secondary school- 
teacher; but with the editing of the "Craik" his attention w^as 
directed particularly to the field of English literature, and in 1870 
he began the series of editions of Shakespeare with which his 
name is chiefly associated. 

From that time on he lived a quiet life in Cambridge, adding 
from time to time a volume to his "Shakespeare," revising the 
earlier issues and writing constantly for learned and popular 
periodicals on Shakespearian and other literary subjects. In 



136 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

1868 he visited Europe for the first time; and after that it became 
his custom to cross the ocean nearly every summer, visiting not 
only the scenes chiefly associated with English literature, but 
nearly every other part of Europe. The fruit of these journeys 
was his "Satchel Guide to Europe," first published in 1872, and 
revised annually with the same painstaking care that marked 
his Shakespearian work. This little book is intended to assist 
those to whom a trip to Europe is the event of a lifetime to make 
the most of their opportunity, and to see the treasures of the Old 
World thoroughly and at the same time inexpensively. It would 
be interesting to know what the share of this "Guide" has been 
in the remarkable increase of American travel in Europe, and 
especially in the summer exodus of teachers which has become such 
a feature within the last few years. 

Besides his edition of "Shakespeare," comprising forty vol- 
umes, Dr. Rolfe edited selections or single w^orks of Milton, 
Goldsmith, Gray, Wordsworth, Scott, Browning, and Tennyson. 
Like Professor March, he died at an advanced age, on July 7, 
1910. 

As compared to Professor March, Dr. Rolfe was essentially a 
popular writer. Starting in their teaching each with the theory 
of scientific and exact study of the English classics, it is interest- 
ing to notice how this common idea led them into very different 
paths. With Professor March the language early took first place, 
and its classical examples were merely drawn upon to illustrate 
the history or the development of usage. He came to devote 
himself almost wholly to the field of "exact scholarship," and his 
writings were chiefly such as were known only to those concerned 
in the same line of study. Dr. Rolfe, on the other hand, was 
concerned chiefly with literature, — not only with expression, but 
with thought. His editorial work was intended to bring school- 
children and other readers into the closest possible touch with 
the mind of the author. But, despite the different scope of his 
work and the wider audience, the spirit was much the same. He 
drew, as Professor March has told us the philologist must, on 
psychology, on history, on the life and times of the author, as each 
was needed to elucidate the work under consideration; he added 
to Professor March's studies only the further step of applying his 
studies always to the concrete detail of a given play or poem. 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 137 

His work was one involvin<i; infinite detail; and he worked 
patientlj^ for years revising, correcting, bettering his comments. 
It was one which called for self -suppression; and he kept himself 
and his subjective imjiressions studiedly out of his notes. It was 
a work which looked perhaps like hack-work, requiring little 
originality or f orcef ulness ; but its distinction and power are shown 
by the great and continuous sale that the edition has had, and by 
the great number of young people who have learned really to know 
and to love Shakespeare under the guidance of Dr. Rolfe. 

The very contrast between the two men, — the one known 
chiefly to scholars, but to them the world over; the other known 
in every high school of the land, — this very contrast in their mode 
of work serves only to show the more clearly how united they were 
in the thoroughness and exactitude of their studies; it shows that 
an Amherst education, even in the days when the College was at 
its weakest in all material things, stood for sound scholarship and 
conscientious devotion; it shows, in fact, why the College did 
not die. 



From the Amherst Days of an Old Graduate. — Our 

readers will be glad to read the subjoined letter from a graduate 
of the Class of 1847, now eighty-three years old, whose name 
occurs very early in the Address List. The "Ed" addressed is 
Dr. Hitchcock, and the occasion of the letter explains itself. Its 
interest, however, is not merely personal, but for the glimpse it 
affords of the old-time days when Amherst, just because it was 
doing its work so well under very humble conditions, was truly 
"illustrious." 

New Castle, Pa., May 23, 1908. 
My dear Ed: 

Here I come, with the rest, to mingle my congratulations with 
theirs on your arrival at the mature age of eighty. I was eighty 
on the 14th March last. I thought you were a little older than 
I. I remember the first time I saw you. It was in 1840, when 
I went up from the farm to be a student at the academy. I was 
standing watching the boys as they came, knowing none of them. 
After a while a boy a good deal bigger than I came up from the 



138 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

street, and, throwing down his hands, turned the most awkward 
somersault, his head down and his heels against the brick wall 
of the building. That boy was yourself at twelve years of age; 
and that awkward somersault is evidence that there were then 
in you natural impulses, that have kept you in the line of your 
life's great work, making you the famous professor of hygiene 
and physical education, ever growing in usefulness and in public 
esteem, until the younger alumni and all the undergraduates most 
reverently and affectionately call you "Old Doc." 

I was born in Amherst. My ancestors for two generations, 
my two brothers and a sister, are sleeping in one of its sacred 
cemeteries. As I go back in memory, it is difficult to stop at 
either my college or my academy days. I hasten past them both 
to childhood and infancy : — 

"a time when meadow, grove, and stream. 
The earth, and every common sight, 
To me did seem 
Apparelled in celestial light, 
The glory and the freshness of a dream." 

In 1843, when I entered college, our dear Alma Mater was but 
twenty-one years of age. None of her sons had become famous 
or renowned. Professor Snell, of the first class, was only twenty- 
one years out of college, and Professor Tyler only thirteen years. 
I believe every college or institution of learning, like every person, 
will have its individuality, its own peculiar character. If I were 
to describe the principal characteristic of our college, that which 
most distinguishes it from other American colleges, I should say 
it was the aesthetic culture prevailing there, received by and 
ever manifest in the Faculty, the students, and the alumni. 

This was the result of great influences which were there at 
the beginning and in the early life of the College. 

Among these was our situation, beautiful ever to the eye. 
We could not dwell four years, in the budding time of life, amid 
the charms of that delightful place without their natural and 
proper influences upon the spirit. 

"I live not in myself, but I become 
Portion of that around me." 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 139 

Then there was Dr. IIum])hrey, President of the College from 
18^23 to 184:5, who by his familiar lectures, his taste in writing, 
and his example tended to inspire in the students everything 
that was lovely and charming and beautiful in human character. 

And Professor Tyler, entering upon the Greek Professorship 
in 1836, thenceforward to the time of his death brought to bear 
in the aesthetic culture there everything that was beautiful in 
the poetry, the philosophy, and the literature of Greece. In his 
recitations there was no "drilled dull lesson forced down word by 
word," but the constant glow of emotions, as he made us feel 
and see the beauties in the language which Cicero said Jupiter 
would use if he should speak to men. I shall never forget how he 
set our hearts aglow, as in his lectures he show^ed us the beautiful 
in Homer and Socrates and Plato. 

Professor Snell made us feel, in the class-room, that even the 
pure mathematics are not without their proper beauties. 

And then there was from almost the beginning the mighty 
presence of your illustrious father. Great worshipper of Nature! 
He shone by no borrowed light. His soul was aflame wdth its own 
inherent fires, the radiance of which enkindled in all about him 
the same intense love of the beautiful. 

I remember on one summer's day how, in the presence of our 
sisters from Mount Holyoke and our students from Amherst, as- 
sembled on the top of the highest peak of the mountain range that 
divided us from them, the sky above us and the panorama of beauty 
below, stretching away as far as the eye could reach, with what 
eloquent speech he described the scene; and we never questioned 
his authority w-hen he sprinkled the mountain's aged brow, and 
gave it the new name of Norwottuck. 

And again I remember, in the dreary winter, deep snows upon 
the land. Nature so breathed upon that whole region as to cover 
everything with purest ice. Forest, tree, and shrub gleamed in 
the sun or displayed their more exquisite beauties under the softer 
light of the full moon. This continued for several days. Before 
the next Sunday morning it was all dissolved and gone. We 
went to the college church, expecting nothing. Your father was at 
the desk, his spirit still aglow; and for a sermon he delivered to us 
the "Coronation of Winter." 

These were some of the influences that made for our peculiar 



140 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

culture. May it continue forever! As we grow in beauty, we 
grow in power. As was said by Keats, — 

"'Tis the eternal law 
That first in beauty shall be first in might." 

In my college days there were no means whatever for care of 
the health of the students nor for their physical education. I 
remember as early as my Freshman year how lamentably your 
father deplored this condition, and how he endeavored in some 
measure to do something toward supplying the great want. He 
even left the high range of the sciences that most delighted him, 
and made special studies in anatomy and physiology, that he 
might give us lectures on these subjects. He formed us into 
companies for marching, and even recommended as a means to 
health and better vigor the art of fencing. Many of us procured 
foils and grew skilful in their use. 

I take great pleasure in reflecting that what your father so 
desired has been more than accomplished by his son. I am glad 
that what he so feebly began and so longed for you have so com- 
pletely realized. He lived to see the beginning of your great w^ork, 
but was not permitted to see its full success. And I am glad that 
our native town, as well as its old academy and our College, shall 
have the honor of what you have accomplished in your profes- 
sion, not only for our College, but for the cause of physical edu- 
cation the world over. 

In our college days Amherst College had little history, and 
as I have said no famous or illustrious sons. Wordsworth in 
the "Prelude" mentions among the great influences at Cambridge 
the ever continuance there of "generations of illustrious men": — ■ 

"I could not lightly pass 
Through the same gateways, sleep where they have slept. 
Wake where they waked, range that inclosure old, 
That garden of great intellects undisturbed." 

He laughed with Chaucer, was familiar with Spenser, and poured 
out libations and drank to the memory of Milton in the very 
room once occupied by the great epic poet. 

Such influences are now, and will ever be, more and more at 
Amherst. How manv famous and illustrious men! We need 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 141 

not mention their names. They will be ever present there. Our 
imaginations will be utterly asleep if we do not see them. 

Long may you be spared to greet us as we go back to Amherst 
and to call us by our familiar names! And may you now enter 
upon the most blissful decade of your life! And, if some day 
there should come between us a rivalry as to which of us should 
have the honor of being the oldest living alumnus, I hope it will 
provoke no bitterness, and that the victor will utter no note of 
triumph, but drop a tear for the fallen. 

I hope to see you oftener in the coming years. 

My son Richard, of the Class of 1895, joins me in congratu- 
lations and in all good wishes, begging me to assure you of his 
grateful memories. 

With pleasantest memories, reaching back to that morning 
in 1840 I have mentioned, and with kindest wishes for yourself 
and all most dear to you, I remain, 

Your sincere friend, 

S. W. Dana. 



142 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



®lt^ Qlolbg? ttt tl|^ i^mrtn 



BY WAY OF CHRONICLE 

THE EDITOR 

THE first thing to call for chronicle is the hardest, not to say 
the impossible, thing; and yet to the many alumni who 
have been advised of a new movement of things at Amherst 
some attempt at record is due. Something, however general, 
must needs be reported at the outset, if only to clear the way for 
the rest. 

The Prevailing Spirit. — Doubtless some are asking, How 
is the College responding to the ideal which the Class of 1885 pro- 
posed and which the Trustees so largely took steps to make reaLf* 
Another inquiry we may look for, too: How is the curriculum of 
to-day, as Professor Tyler outlined it in the last number of the 
Quarterly, working in practice toward obviating the defects of 
yesterday? These inquiries, we take it, are not after greater or 
diminished numbers, not after administrative rules and regula- 
tions. They seek rather the response which manifests itself in 
prevailing mood and sentiment; above all, in underlying energy 
and work. They assume for the nonce that Amherst is like what 
the humorist said of Boston: it is not a locality, it is a state of 
mind. 

Well, it is obviously too early to begin digging up the seeds 
to see if they are growing. We, of the teaching and administra- 
tive force, can only emulate the man in the parable, who "should 
sleep and rise, night and day, and the seed should spring and 
grow up, he knoweth not how." It was quite natural, perhaps, 
that the seeming plethora of new projects should cause some 
bewilderment in the student body; the fact was confessed, indeed, 
in a recent editorial of the Amherst Student, and the conjecture 
was added that the Faculty shared in the same doubtful feeling. 



IH-Z 




Iq.i 




146 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

Very likely the guess was right. Meanwhile there was nothing 
for it but simply to do the next thing, and use the light which that 
gave for the next. And the way in which teachers and students 
are steadily working together by no means evinces a spirit of be- 
wilderment or reluctance, nor is there thought of antagonism. It 
seems to the present writer that the sense of a new era opening 
for Amherst, which the movements of the past year or two have 
awakened, has been of decided tonic and enlarging influence. It 
has removed us many steps beyond the irresponsible school-boy 
stage toward the self-directive and scholarly. This has been ap- 
parent not only in the ready responsiveness to tasks, but no less 
notably in the courtesy and manliness pervading class-room, 
campus, and street, in which latter respect the older alumni 
would, we are sure, see a gratifying change from the college 
manners of some former days. The prevailing spirit is sound, 
serious, healthy; and there seems to be just as much fun in it as 
if the men were in a sour or satirical mood, as students have been 
known to be. 

If habitual conduct and demeanor are a valid test, — and the 
atmosphere these create is always present with us, — our report of 
conditions is eminently one of courage and cheer. 

The New Dormitory. — We can well put up with the incon- 
venience that is sometimes caused by the noise of the engines and 
cement mixers sounding through the class-room windows, when 
we see the growth of the handsome new dormitory building, as it 
daily reveals the structure that is to be. The architect has kindly 
furnished us elevations and plans, which are reproduced herewith. 
The building, in a style of the Colonial somewhat new to Amherst, 
is yet not so foreign as to be out of keeping with the other edifices 
of the place. The question of the appropriateness of the site, 
which naturally has been much debated, will solve itself, and 
the present writer thinks favorably, when the building stands 
complete. Especially to be commended is the thoroughness of 
the construction, no expense being spared to have the best ma- 
terial and workmanship, not omitting the dignity and beauty of 
every part. One of the contractors with whom I was talking 
remarked that, whereas in buildings of this kind about a thousand 
dollars was reckoned for each occupant, the present building was 



BY WAY OF CHRONICLE 147 

calculated for twice as much. He mentioned by contrast a cer- 
tain dormitory now going up in another place, which he called a 
"fire-trap," three times as large and costing only a few thousands 
more. 

The following is the architect's description of the new dormitory : 





"The building is composed of three distinct dormitory build- 
ings in one, with fire walls between the sections. There is, how- 
ever, on the first floor a corridor running lengthwise of the build- 
ing, so that the Social Room is available for each section of the 
dormitory. This hallway is protected by fire doors, so that it 
will be impossible for fire to travel from one section to 
another. 

"The building is fire-proof throughout in every respect, — the 
floor concrete, the walls tile, and the roof reinforced concrete and 
slate. 

"The suites of rooms are composed of central study for two 
boys with separate sleeping-rooms on each side. Each study is 
fitted up with a window -seat, a built-in bookcase at the end, 
and a wood-box built in near the fireplace. 

"On the first floor is a large Social Room, giving the privilege of 
a Library Room for general meeting in the evenings or for social 
gatherings upon occasion. The room is to be of English design, 
with high wainscoted sides of oak panel-work, oak beams in the 
ceiling, and a large open fireplace. This Social Room opens out 
at the rear upon a tiled loggia with granite coping, and there is 



148 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

an approach by private halls from the rear of the building towards 
the Commons. 

"The exterior is a simple adaptation of the Dutch Colonial 
style of architecture, enriched with Indiana limestone entrances. 

"The finish throughout is oak, and the hallways are laid up 
with enamel brick." 

Nor is the dormitory alone in its inspiring suggestion of the 
growth of Amherst. At nearly the same stage of construction 
and of somewhat similar style of architecture, the new lodge of the 
Psi Upsilon Fraternity is in course of erection nearly on the spot 
where Mrs. Davis's house used to stand. The corner-stone of the 
building was laid with appropriate ceremonies, followed by a 
luncheon and speaking, on December 16. We shall have a further 
account to give of the edifice in a future number. 

The Resignation of President Harris. — At the meeting 
of the Trustees held in Amherst on November 16 a very pleasant 
sequel of the business session was a luncheon at Hitchcock Hall, 
in which the Trustees and the Faculty had an hour or two of inter- 
course together. Acquaintance was formed and perpetuated, and 
many topics of live and learned interest were informally dis- 
cussed; but one secret was closely kept. It was not until an extra 
bulletin of the Student (that day being its regular publication 
day) was issued in the late afternoon that the cardinal event of 
the Trustees' meeting was known. The President had resigned. 
It came as a surprise to all, especially to the student body, who 
were not aware that the President had been meditating this step 
at some not distant date. The account of his resignation, with 
his explanatory letter and the Trustees' answer, will be found on 
a later page, in the minutes of the Trustees. We are planning to 
make, as a main feature of the Commencement number of the 
Quarterly, a i)roper record and recognition of President Harris's 
eminent services to the College and to the world. That is why we 
leave it with so brief mention here. Along with our sincere sorrow 
at his contemplated removal from us, we congratulate ourselves 
that the separation is not immediate, — that he is to be with us 
until the end of the year. Of the lively speculations as to who will 
be his successor, which naturally fill the college air, it is too early 
to speak. One thing is certain: he must be a man of eminent 
wisdom, ability, and power, to take President Harris's place. 



BY WAY OF CHRONICLE l^O 

The Expedition of Professor Loomis. — The alumni are, 
doubtless, generally aware that Professor Loomis's class, the Class 
of 1896, as their reunion fund placed at his disposal a generous 
sum for the purpose of making an expedition to Patagonia in 
the interests of biological research. He already stands high 
among scholars in such discoverj^ having conducted several 
very successful expeditions of the sort in the Far West; and 
he knew well the value and promise of the country which 
he was thus enabled to explore. With two assistants from his 
classes he set out for his chosen field some time before Commence- 
ment. Several letters have been received reporting his prepara- 
tions and equipment and the conditions he encountered, and a 
few days ago a letter in which he begins to announce the attain- 
ment of his object, which letter we here append: — 

October 28, 1911. 

Dear Professor Tyler, — We have at last found a bone bed, and for over 
two weeks have been raking the bones in as fast as I ever did. It is only a pocket; 
but we have now four more or less complete skeletons, fifteen skulls, and thirty to 
forty jaws, besrdes a hundred miscellaneous specimens of teeth, bones, etc. Lots 
of it is new, and all unknown in the United States. I shall be there another week, 
and then go on south. A week more will finish it. We came over to get more ma- 
terial to work with, a day and a half across the Yampa, and brought some seven 
hundred pounds of specimens. There will be as much more next time. It is 
Eocene, — horse, elephant, notostylopus, rodent, primate, etc. Several new ideas 
in it. In haste, Fred. 

Professor Loomis has promised the Quarterly a full account 
of his expedition, with its contributions to biological science, on 
his return. 

The Hitchcock Memorial. — As we go to press we note that 
the great clumsy board and timber structure, which for several 
years has reared its unsightly bulk on the campus, has just been 
put up for the winter uses of the running squads, as we trust and 
hope for the last time. The noble field at the south of the Gym- 
nasium, as the alumni know, will in the near future be the fully 
equipped place for this and all sorts of outdoor exercise. Surveyors 
are at work on plans, locations, contours, all the arrangements 
necessary to make it thoroughly furnished. There is not much to 
show for their work yet : generous and permanent plans must take 



150 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

their time. We understand, however, that a toboggan slide is 
under contemplation, and already in the early stages of prepara- 
tion. The true significance of this Hitchcock Memorial must not be 
missed. It is not merely an overflow from Pratt and Blake Fields, 
as if the multiplicity of sports must needs annex the whole coun- 
tryside. It is not merely the means of doing a larger proportion of 
the college physical exercise in the open, though this is a most 
desirable feature of it, greatly enlarging, as it does, the usefulness 
of the work in the physical department. Its true function is to 
make feasible what Amherst, true to her traditions, has long had at 
heart, — to make the games and sports in which the true zest of 
exercise is enlisted activities open to the whole student body, and 
not merely to the eleven or nine men who are upholding the col- 
lege glory on gridiron and diamond. Bleachers and cigarettes, for 
the majority who watch the games, are rather imperfect substi- 
tutes for exercise, and even the singing and cheering bring only a 
few muscles, and those not the most important ones, into play. 
Hitchcock Memorial will remedy this, — will, by its interclass and 
interfraternity games and its numberless grouped and individual 
activities, enable every man to find his physical training in the 
sport he can most profit by. Meanwhile it is pleasant to chron- 
icle the generous support that the alumni are furnishing to make 
the Memorial an actuality, and especially to report that over 
five thousand dollars, in sums greater or less to which nearly 
every man in College is contributing, have been pledged to the 
object by the undergraduates. 

The Henry Ward Beecher Lectures. — These lectures are 
given this year by Professor H. Morse Stephens of the University 
of California. This is his second visit to Amherst in this capacity, 
as he was the Henry Ward Beecher lecturer three years ago. His 
subject is "The French Revolution: History and Legend," and 
his aim, as the title intimates, is to present the real— but not neces- 
sarily the cold — facts of that momentous movement, as disen- 
tangled from the fanciful accumulations and excrescences that 
have gathered round the subject. Incidentally, — but not quite 
incidentally, either, — he holds a strong brief for the latest phase 
of historical method, which he characterizes as "psychological 
history"; and in the exposition of this his lectures have been 



AMONG THE CLUBS AND SEMINARS 151 

luminous and stimulating. Professor Stephens is a universally 
acknowledged master of this period of history. We understand 
that stormy old Thomas Carlyle, and many others, have fared 
rather hardly at his hands. The nine lectures of the course have 
drawn out large and enthusiastic audiences, consisting in about 
equal numbers of collegians and townspeople. 

College Journalism. — It is by no means fanciful to note that 
Mr. Fallows's hearty appreciation of the students' achievements, 
in their undergraduate journalism, which he expressed in his 
Commencement pamphlet, has given a vigorous impulse to the 
journalistic activities of the year. The Amherst Student, pub- 
lished semi-weekly, and the Amherst Monthly, the vehicle for the 
more ambitious literary work, are earnestly endeavoring not only 
to maintain a type of journalism adapted to all classes of readers, 
but to address themselves to the larger interests and problems of 
the college world. Truly, the Quarterly feels it no small matter 
to keep even in the trio; and, fellow-alumni, we must look to our 
laurels! It would be invidious to specify details. Mention may 
not unfittingly be made, however, of an editorial on "Intercollegi- 
ate Athletics" in the November number of the Monthly, which 
has had the enviable fate of provoking very vigorous discussion 
pro and con, with an underlying feeling, even from the con, of 
hearty respect for the courage and insight which would w^ite such 
an article. 



AMONG THE CLUBS AND SEMINARS 

GEORGE B. PARKS 



M' 



"EX cannot exist on courses alone. These are such a brief 
part of the day's round that one must keep in life and in 
excitement by finding things to do. It is not surprising, 
therefore, to discover that every conceivable interest is organized 
and regularly provided for. From organizations maintained by 
professorial supervision to purely undergraduate affairs, there 
reaches out a multiplicity of interests w^hich, in disentangling, 
touch nearly every individual. One glances down the columns of 



152 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

the Student, discovers the announcements of ckibs, associations, 
societies, — literary, linguistic, oratorical, musical, scientific, and 
athletic, from the Aero Club clear round the circuit to the Tobog- 
gan Club, — and throws up his hands with a gasp. The unpreju- 
diced observer has ceased to wonder at the lack of interest in the 
main circus-, when its visitors are so diverted by the tin whistles 
of the side-shows. 

The prepotency of the athletic event in this little plaster world 
obviously overshadows the effect of even the minor organizations 
(to leave out of the question, with the average undergraduate, 
the mere curriculum). Saturday afternoon, the apparent half- 
holiday from the bustle of five days and a half of these so 
numerous expenditures of energy, goes, by universal sentiment, 
to the greatest diversion of all, — the fashionable major "sport," 
according to season. Moreover, such is the natural effect upon 
the mind of the undergraduate that the athletic event, far from 
taking an hour or two from a leisure period, occupies the thought 
and concerns the conversation of the entire day. Behold the 
precious rest-day, which might go for numerous diversions, spent; 
and thus the minor affairs, which dare not compete with the 
tyrannical football or baseball, are crowded back into the ever- 
increasing duties of the work-days. 

Let us take a week, and see how the pilgrimage proceeds. 
Classes and athletics are performed in the daylight, plus a few 
anxious events, like class meetings and rehearsals, crowded in 
after lunch. Comes Monday evening, and the Student appears, 
which means a previous hustle and bustle on the part of reporters 
to get the news, a scratching of editorial pens to make copy, a read- 
ing of proofs on the part of some one throughout Monday morn- 
ing, and a mailing of the issue Monday afternoon. At seven will 
be the Oratorio practice, which permits no conflict. 

Tuesday evening, hurried in before the fraternity engage- 
ment, will be a meeting of the German Club. The latter is an 
organization for the attainment of insight into German language 
and customs and habits of thought, and is provided, by way 
of material, with a Maennerchor and a miniature orchestra, 
various German periodicals and song-books, and perhaps some 
twenty men. A club membership rarely rises above that num- 
ber. Nearly everybody, one would think, is connected with 



AMONG THE CLUBS AND SEMINARS 1.53 

some such affair; and twenty men, multiplied by twenty -five 
clubs — 

Wednesday night will come the Romance Club, which for lack 
of material and of object is waning, as was the German Club 
some years ago. A curious phenomenon is the periodicity of 
clubs. The cause is probably that in the general ferment of in- 
terests one bubble will grow large, and then, as suddenly, make 
room for another. Clubs rise when some enthusiastic person feels 
inclined to urge them, wane w'hen he leaves. So it is with several 
clubs this year, and so with the ebb which stranded the History 
Club some years since. Wednesday afternoon and evening will 
also see in College Hall a number of wearily prosaic figures re- 
hearsing what seems an impossible pantomime before an indig- 
nant coach. ISIr. Hart's reputation as a producer is, however, 
more than sufficient to guarantee a successful presentation of 
"Twelfth Night," — which is the play selected for this year. 

Thursday night — now that there is no more prayer-meeting — 
furnishes opportunity for a number of events, including another 
Student, more Oratorio, an Economics Seminar, a Civics Club 
perhaps, an Aero Club, and others of various nature. The Orato- 
rio has become an institution, and needs no words. The Eco- 
nomics Seminar, open to the intelligently interested, bids fair to be- 
come likewise an institution. It deals with side-lights on questions 
of economic importance. The Civics Club revives perennially, 
after some wondering in the columns of the Student as to what 
we are going to do about it. It has bloomed this year as an 
affiliation of the Intercollegiate Civics League, and, following the 
suggestions contained in the address of Mr. Jessup of New York 
City in December, plans to study the conditions of government 
in Amherst and in surrounding towns and cities, discovers the 
spirit of party platforms, and by general educational campaign 
aims at the making of intelligent citizens. Allied in general 
purpose is the Socialist Club, newly formed under the impulse of 
the visit of Harry W. Laidler, Wesleyan, 1907, organizing secre- 
tary of the Intercollegiate Socialist League. The club studies 
the development and theory of socialism, with the idea later of 
procuring prominent socialists to give addresses. 

Friday night marks the meeting of the English Club, perhaps 
the most freciuented of any one organization. The club holds 



154 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

open monthly meetings, addressed by well-known outside speakers, 
and intermediate meetings, provided with undergraduate material. 
On last year's list of speakers were included Professor Perry of 
Williams, Dan Beard, Professor Wright of Columbia, Ellis Parker 
Butler, and other well-known writers and teachers. This year 
opportunity has so far been furnished to hear Professor Erskine, 
now of Columbia, and Professor Baker of Harvard. Professor 
Erskine opened the year's proceedings on November 10 with an 
address on "The Mind of Shakespeare," an important contribu- 
tion to the study of Shakespeare's life. On December 9 Professor 
George P. Baker of Harvard, the guiding influence in the Har- 
vard renaissance of drama, addressed the club on the possibilities 
of the career of a dramatist. The purpose of the club is two- 
fold: to encourage interest in writing, which aim is met by the 
writing of stories and exercises for the intermediate meetings; 
and to encourage interest in modern literature. The success of a 
club of this kind is naturally limited, as is even the case with 
an institution like Professor Genung's Symposium. "One really 
hasn't time, you know," and the wonderful impression left by the 
enthusiasm of the professor's voice lasts only as a memory, and 
the ideas suggested get lost and are not followed up, even to the 
extent of opening the books so warmly introduced. 

We have reached the end of the week, and still the tale remains 
largely untold. What shall we say of Debating, the Musical 
Clubs, Press Club, Chess Club, Aero Club, which, w^orking irregu- 
larly below surface, appear on occasion before the public.^ The 
Musical Clubs have a standard value, which seldom fluctuates 
below a certain high level : it is understood that they are to accom- 
plish a definite purpose, and they seldom fail. The occasional 
local concerts this fall were followed by the Thanksgiving trip 
to New London, Rutherford, and South Orange, where enthusi- 
astic alumni backing assisted their own successful effort. The 
joint concert with W illiams on the eve of the Sophomore Hop was 
as successful as usual. The Triangular Debating League between 
Amherst, Williams, and Wesleyan held its annual contest in the 
three colleges on Friday, December 15, on the general subject of 
the popular election of senators, the result going to Wesleyan. 

The total effect of these dazzlingly manifold activities is be- 
wildering. Add to a curriculum indicating a minimum of intel- 



MAKING CHRISTIAN WORK EFFICIENT 155 

lectual effort (a minimum seldom willingly increased) an engross- 
ing interest in the all-important athletics; to that a milder interest 
in the contests of the major public exhibitions, to that again a 
slight individual interest in the intellectual activities of the clubs; 
and to that again, if more were needed, must be premised frater- 
nity distractions and social necessities. It is no Avonder, then, that 
the interest in clubs is sporadic, and that the only individuals 
who have to bear in mind their inducements are the officers; for 
it is truly a source of wondrous discipline to keep a non-com- 
petitive organization en marche. Then, as a last resort, there is 
always the opportunity of escaping the ennui of the vacant mind 
by fleeing desperately to the next outgoing car. 



MAKING CHRISTIAN WORK EFFICIENT IN 
COLLEGE 

LAURENS H. SEELYE 

AMHERST COLLEGE is situated in a uniquely favorable 
position for a Christian Association. The town is small, 
^ and there are few extra-college activities to distract the 
students. Although not a city, there are manufacturing enter- 
prises which, to some extent, correct the social asceticism of the 
academic life of the College. One can still look out from the retreat 
and breathe the breezes of the country, or can in an hour tramp in 
the solitude of the Pelham hills. In another direction Northamp- 
ton, Springfield, Boston, and New York are easy of access; and 
they readily provide not only opportunities for work, but also men 
who can lend for a moment the "breeze and tang" of touch with 
national questions and world visions. Outlying country towns, 
which are fossils in the strata of past traditions, dwindle away 
because of the lure of the city. Here, however, are still some 
touches of those intense, money-laden, soul-killing relationships 
of the commercial aspect of society. Here, too, is the quiet and 
peace which nurtures idealism. This exceptionally balanced 
dualism constitutes a unique situation for the Christian Asso- 
ciation. 



156 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

To meet such a situation, the Association must be efficient. 
Mere business efficiency is proving itself inefficient. The x\sso- 
ciation must be scientifically efficient: it must meet the problem 
of the individual and of society by the most judicious interrelat- 
ing of the two. It is not interested in "building character." 
Character academically built may be valuable for the aesthetic 
contemplation, but it lacks moral efficiency. The aim should 
be rather to charge character, to vitalize and energize it. Ordi- 
nary ethics may conduce to making others happy or strong or 
hopeful; and, to such an extent, ethics are efficient. To a like 
extent also a good meal or a warm coat, or the song of a bird or 
an autumn sunset, is efficient. They, too, may contribute to make 
one happy and strong and brotherly. Such may be business 
efficiency. But scientific efficiency demands more. It demands 
that I serve, not in order that others may become happier or better, 
but that they in turn may become centres of service. From this 
it goes onward: they serve that still others may become dynamos 
of spiritual power. The old simile that man's infiuence is like the 
ripples that radiate, never-ending, from the stone that has dropped 
into the water, expresses what is far too often the truth. Such 
an infiuence is, indeed, something, but it lacks that reproducing 
power which is essential to the highest efficiency. It has in- 
fluence, but does not create centres of influence. To be efficient 
with the individual, the Christian Association must enable him 
to be a dynamo of power, that others may not simply absorb, but 
themselves become charged with the passion for service. Such 
at least is the aim which, with whatever success or defect, the 
Christian Association sets before itself. 

Jesus Christ, as we firmly hold, is the most potent factor that 
is known in the realm of ethics, or morality. One could spend 
hours and days suggesting to others in various and subtle ways 
the Ten Commandments and their daily supplements, and even- 
tually in some degree influence men's lives. On the other hand, 
one can epitomize the whole project, without need of revision 
or supplement, by presenting to a man the categorical impera- 
tive of the Christian life, — "Live Christ." If efficiency means 
accomplishing the maximum results with the minimum of loss 
and shrinkage, this is the most efficient method. 

In such a way the matchless personality of Christ must be 



MAKING CHRISTIAN WORK EFFICIENT 157 

presented to men. Nothing can take the place of this. In lieu 
of the life itself, however, Bible study, mission study, and personal 
work are indirect means of promoting attention to the life. This 
fall a special effort was made to engage men in several classes which 
would show the effect of Christ's personality and its power in 
changing lives, nations, and continents. The classes include "Un- 
occupied Mission Fields in Africa and Asia," "China," "Medi- 
cal Missions," "Christianity and Social Problems," and "A Com- 
parative Study of Religions." An enrolment of over a hundred 
men was secured as a result of prospectuses and a personal canvass. 
All of the classes are led by undergraduates, with the exception 
of the last, which is conducted by the Secretary. In the Bible 
study all the group leaders meet once a week with Professor 
Genung as a normal class in the subject of "Old Testament Per- 
sonalities." These leaders, then, on Sundaj^ conduct classes 
in their various fraternity houses, and in the dormitories, for 
which latter there are four groups, and two for the non-frater- 
nity men. After church on Sunday mornings there is a series 
of "Talks on the Bible," led by Professors Tyler, Westhafer, 
Parker, and Olds, and President Harris. 

More important than any of these, however, is the personal 
work. It is neither feasible nor desirable to discuss its problems 
and methods here, but its pivotal position in the work of the Asso- 
ciation cannot be emphasized too strongly. As a result of some- 
what intimate acquaintance, I know that there is a deep and real 
religious experience in the lives of undergraduates, more than 
some will admit or than can possibly be discovered by one en- 
gaged in a less personal touch with the men. The great problem 
is to bring this out, to make it permeate a man's whole personality, 
so that he shall not be ashamed of it, but realize that he has the 
biggest, the hardest, and the best proposition that can be offered 
to men, — the proposition that the eternal life is "to know Thee as 
the only true God, and him whom Thou didst send, even Jesus 
Christ." 

Ordinary college life furnishes a complex of opportunities in 
which the individual may manifest the strength and love of his 
character. Consequently, particular branches of so-called "social 
service" are not imperative. Still, they furnish definite, constant, 
and consistent lines of work, auxiliary to the irregular and unrec- 



158 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

ognized opportunities of curriculum and outside life. Accord- 
ingly, the Association enlists and supervises the work of men in 
Amherst and near-by towns with men and boys. The Amherst 
Boys' Club is conducted two nights a week in the college Gymna- 
sium by some of the men. Each man is tied up to a group of the 
boys; and it is his duty and privilege really to know those in his 
group, through the medium of "hikes," "feeds," etc. Several men 
are spending a night a week with the boys of the Holyoke Boys' 
Club, helping in the gymnasium and the manual training depart- 
ment and telling stories. Work with the Employed Boys in the 
Northampton Y. M. C. A. has just opened up. Two men are work- 
ing there, and there will be opportunities for several more as the 
work develops. In Northampton also a number of men are teach- 
ing in the People's Institute. It aims to give cultural and technical 
education to its members, and utilizes undergraduates from Smith 
and Amherst Colleges as instructors. All sorts of men are dealt 
with here. One Amherst man has a Hindu graduate of the Uni- 
versity of Calcutta under instruction in elocution and English. 
Others are teaching English to Poles who can neither read nor 
write in their own language. One man has a similar class with 
the Italians in Amherst. In Hadley the Association conducts a 
Polish school two nights a week, where English, civics, and 
history are the subjects taught. Aside from this concerted en- 
deavor a man is leading a "Xnights of King Arthur" in one of 
the Holyoke churches, and a couple of men are leading and teach- 
ing Sunday-schools in Amherst. The "Freshman Quintet" is 
the result of a telephone message from Pelham for some enter- 
tainment at a church chicken-pie supper. They worked up some 
vocal and mandolin selections, and some vaudeville stunts, and 
since then have been of great service in entertaining. The Glee 
Club Quartet has also given its services in entertainment. 

The deputation work provides the same sort of opportunity 
as the social service, but along a somewhat different line. Men 
have been sent to most of the outlying country towns. Phillips 
Andover, and high school and Y. M. C. A. boys' clubs in Worces- 
ter, Monson, and Pittsfield, have also been visited. xA.side from 
this individual deputation work a squad of four men was organ- 
ized, which held a series of meetings for three days before Christ- 
mas in South Deerfield. By means of social and athletic life they 



MAKING CHRISTIAN WORK EFFICIENT 159 

approached the lives of the men and boys there, and finished with 
a religious meeting, in which they presented the claims of a spirit- 
ual and muscular Christianity and the need of service. In this 
speaking with men, perhaps more than in the social service, men 
have a chance to impress upon themselves the convictions of the 
Christian life by expressing them. After a talk on "The Man- 
liness of Religion," one Boys' Work Secretary said of the speaker: 
" We have had men from different colleges here before, but they 
seemed afraid to get right down to the biggest questions of a boy's 

life. I am going to do my best to have him speak at ." 

It doesn't matter whether the subject is "Athletics," "College 
Life," "The Positive Life," or "The Manliness of Religion": it 
means much for a college man to clarify and compress his ideas, 
so as to make them grip the boys to whom he is talking. 

Technically, all these may be "Community Service"; but one 
cannot forget their reflex effect on the individual. The religion 
of Christ must manifest itself in service, and service in turn 
strengthens and energizes the individual character. The college 
man does not often see himself as a determining factor in his en- 
vironment. If he can be given a chance in which he can see that 
his personality is accomplishing something, his faith in himself, 
and, consequently, his realization of his personal responsibility, 
will be deepened. 

No hard-and-fast line can be drawn between the effect of sub- 
jective activity — thought, prayer, worship — and the effect of 
objective activity of service on the character of the individual. 
With the humility of childhood and the energy of manhood the 
slogan of the x\ssociation is the slogan of the Christian life, — "Pray 
as though work were needless, and work as though prayer were 
useless." 



160 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

ON FIELD AND TRACK 

E. MARION ROBERTS 

Football. — The 1911 football season, which closed on No- 
vember 18 with the Williams game at Williamstown, is regarded 
by the undergraduate body with considerable disappointment. 
This feeling is owing not alone to the fact that Amherst scored 
but thirty-four points, while her opponents secured fifty-eight, 
but also to decisive defeats in all the important games, and 
particularly to that administered by Williams. 

At the beginning of the season the available material for the 
team seemed superior to that of the preceding year. Ten letter 
men from last year's team were on hand to start the season. In 
addition to these there were eight members of the Sophomore 
Class, who later were on the 'varsity squad, five of whom won the 
football A. 

The ineligibility of Creede, through deficiency in scholarship, 
was a severe loss to the team. His exceptional ability as a punter, 
added to his sure ground-gaining ability even within that much- 
discussed twenty -yard zone, made him of inestimable value to the 
team. He is making every effort to be available for next year. 

The first game proved very encouraging with its 3-0 victory 
over the strongest team in the history of Springfield Training 
School. But one other game showed the team to advantage. 
This was the contest with Harvard, during the greater part of 
which Amherst played her opponents to a standstill. The re- 
mainder of the season was filled with individual theories of what 
ailed the team. 

At no time did the team show^ experienced conditioning. When 
one pauses to investigate the preponderance of disappointing 
seasons during the last five years, one is certain to observe the 
rapid change of the coaching staff employed. In each case the 
coach has been a man just out of college. Such men can teach 
football, but men who can condition teams are rare. Amherst is 
particularly fortunate in having a man, in Professor Nelligan, who 
is a master at placing teams on the track in perfect physical trim. 
It is difficult to understand why a man with his ability should be 



Amherst . . . . 


... 3 


Amherst . . . . 


... 


Amherst . . . . 


... 


Amherst . . . . 


... 


Amherst . . . . 


... 15 


Amherst . . . . 


... 6 


Amherst . . . . 


.10 


Amherst . . . . 


... 



ON FIELD AND TRACK 161 

peniiilled, by those in authority, to l)e ignored or evaded by in- 
experienced coaches, when he could be of so great vahie to the 
football team. 

^Yith proper handling the men remaining in College could be 
welded into a football machine which would bring honor to Am- 
herst on the gridiron next year. B. J. Connolly, '13, has been 
elected captain for next year. 

The scores of the season were as follows : — 

Springfield Training School ... 

Wesleyan 

Trinity Vi 

Harvard 11 

Norwich 

Dartmouth 18 

Worcester Polytechnic Institute . 8 

Williams 8 

On the Track.— Track athletics this fall have been confined 
to the usual cider meet between the Sophomores and Freshmen, 
and the cross-country run. Interest in both these events ran 
unusually high while the weather permitted work of any value. 
Professor Nelligan had out an imusual number of likely-looking 
candidates, practising sprint starts and doing general developing 
work. The field-work of the Freshman Class was more efficiently 
organized this year than ever before. The class was divided 
into squads, each of which was placed under the charge of the best 
man in college at his particular event. Thus high jumping, 
broad jumping, sprinting, low hurdling, or distance running, was 
taught in a thorovighly efficient manner. The average gain in 
ability for the men this year was a record-breaker. The cider 
meet went to the Freshmen by a score of 97| to 84 1 points for 
the losers. The work of Warner and Cole for 1915 was notable. 
The former won the 440, half-mile, and mile in intercollegiate 
style. Cole easily carried off the sprints and took second in the 
440. 

Huthsteiner was an excellent point-getter for the Sophomores. 

A new course was selected for the cross-country run this year. 
Cobb, '13, was an easy winner of first place in very fast time, and 
also led his class to victory with the highest number of points. 
Nineteen men in all scored in the race. Mr. Ernest M. Whit- 



162 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

comb, '04, again presented the trophy cup for the winning class 
and a beautiful cup for the winner of first place. 

Prospects for an excellent relay team this winter seem very 
bright. 

The alumni are, doubtless, weary of appeals of all sorts, but 
surely one more for the love of Amherst can be borne. We need 
athletes who are students, — not only students in college, but in 
preparatory schools; and we depend much on the alumni for 
getting on the track of these. 

Cross=country Running. — This merits some mention by 
itself. Within a few years a new branch of track athletics has 
been successfully brought into Amherst, — cross-country running 
between the classes. During the fall months regular practice is 
held over the courses laid out in the vicinity of the College to pre- 
pare for the preliminary races and the final run, which took the 
form of a steeple-chase this year. Owing to the kind interest of 
one of Amherst's loyal alumni, Mr. E. M. Whitcomb, '04, two 
beautiful prizes — -silver loving-cups — are offered each year to 
the successful individual winner and to the class winning the 
greatest number of points in the* race. These prizes have been 
successful in bringing out a goodly-sized squad of men interested 
in this cross-country running, bvit as yet not sufficient ma- 
terial is developed to give the College a team strong enough to 
represent it at the annual intercollegiate cross-country races. It 
is the wish of all interested to have a 'varsity team that can fitly 
enter that meet, and so make this branch of athletics a per- 
manent fixture in Amherst College. You alumni who wish to see 
the purple banner in the front rank, lend a hand by seeing that 
your local athlete is not only coming to Amherst, but that he is 
doing the sort of work in his school which will admit him to this 
College. Do this, and you need not worry about winning teams. 



THE BOOK TABLE 163 



®b0 look ®abb 



Some Recent Books by Alumni. — The word "some" in 
this heading calls for a degree of stress. It is only some, by no 
means all, of the literary work done by our graduates that 
comes to our knowledge; for this we crave allowance, and invite 
cooperation on the part of our writers. But also a goodly num- 
ber of books is already on our Book Table awaiting review; 
some came too late for review in this number, some are post- 
poned for other causes. 

1874 

Introduction to General Chemistry. By John Tappan Stoddard, Ph.D. (Class 
of 1874), Professor of Chemistry in Smith College. New York: The Macmil- 
lan Company. 1910. pp. xviii+432. $1.60. 

The first agreeable thing about this new text is the size of the volume. It 
contains little more than one-half the number of words contained in similar texts. 
And yet the subject-matter enclosed by its covers is sufiicient, with a good teacher, 
to keep a college class very busy for a year. Of course, one is curious to know 
how the author can have accomplished his purpose within such limits. It is 
stated that the book "is designed as an introduction to advanced study, provid- 
ing a foundation which shall be both broad and thorough." Although we might 
expect from such a programme a crowding of the page, ease and dignity seem to 
stamp the work. All the essentials are introduced, and yet there is plenty of 
room. In explanation of how this is possible and how the high purpose of the 
author has been successfully carried out, we note, first, that great importance is 
attached to all those generalizations which, after taking root in the history of the 
science, have surrounded themselves with a hedge of succinct and very convenient 
phraseology. Then, when the newer and less universally accepted theories, phys- 
ical or mathematical, are introduced, they are presented simply, with no de- 
fence, and with the chemical bearing exclusively emphasized. The size of the 
book is affected somewhat by the omission of all pictures. The author is strongly 
of the opinion that illustrations are unnecessary and at times misleading, and he 
has bravely decided to omit them all. 

As reflecting the attitude of the teacher, we read in the preface, "Above all, 
I have tried to help the student to enter into the spirit of chemistry and to acquire 
the scientific point of view." One path towards this purpose is by free use of 
the quantitative method. Thus the important laws of chemical combination are 
presented from the student's ex-perimental results and the quantitative relations 



164 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

are emphasized, but not without the data for illustration. Dr. Minot has just 
said at Minneapolis, and well said: "Mathematics cannot give any comprehensive 
expression of complex relations. . . . For our accuracy it is necessary often to have 
a number of data presented to our consciousness at the same time." So, for the 
student's assimilation to proceed with an accuracy of which mathematics is inca- 
pable, the statement of the quantitative law must always be accompanied by the 
illustrative data. 

Again, the plan and spirit of the book are reflected by the statement: "So 
far as is possible, the progress is from the familiar to the unfamiliar, from the known 
to the unknown." This has been a guiding thought with the author, and has 
strongly regulated the choice of material and the order of its presentation. The 
advantage of following the periodic system is considered minor to that of proceeding 
from the familiar and important. This gives an arrangement somewhat unfamil- 
iar to the older chemist. Sulphuric acid is made the basis for the study of all acids, 
and is introduced very early; and, in general, the substance, element, or com- 
pound which is most important is for that reason presented first. 

The language is clear, and it is convincing because it is simple. A few errors 
exist, but only such as may be easily corrected in the future editions. The me- 
chanical construction of the book is Macmillan's best. A. J. Hopkins. 

1900 

The Richer Life. By Walter A. Dyer (Class of 1900). Garden City, New 
York: Doubleday, Page & Co. 1911. 

Devout old George Herbert, in his parish at Bemerton, took to writing relig- 
ious poetry with the confession, as he says, that 

"A verse may find him who a Sermon flies. 
And turn delight into a Sacriflce." 

Verse does not seem to be so alluring a waj^ to men's regards in these days as it 
was in his. They are just as ready to fly the sermon, perhaps more so, at least if 
it is called a sermon or is associated with ecclesiasticism. Take away these solemn 
connotations, however, and the essential sermon may be found to have as vital a 
function as ever. It is charmingly so in this little book of Mr. Dyer's. He takes 
care, however, to issue a gentle caveat against the ungenial things that a sermon is 
apt to mean for readers. The opening chapter, and indeed the whole book, is not a 
sermon, but a "preachment," and a lay preachment at that, the layman for once 
assuming the function ordinarily authorized by ordaining hands. And he has de- 
livered his preachment with extraordinary good sense, weightiness of counsel 
under lightness of touch, and graceful literary taste. Our preachers may well take 
pointers from it for their own art: it might lead to a less prevalent disposition to 
fly the sermon, if they would. 

The book, consisting of articles reprinted from The Craftsman, of which Mr. 
Dyer is an editor, is a plea for the enrichment of life which is open to every man 
by the emancipated play of the creative instinct and vision in all phases of arts and 
craftsmanship. For most of the chapters the writer has chosen a kind of parable 
form, — a symbolic tale beginning, "Once upon a time," after the manner of the 



THE BOOK TABLE 165 

fairy tale, followed by a section of application, the preachment of which the parable 
is the text. He seems to heed the principle that 

"Truth embodied in a tale 
Shall enter in at lowly doors," 

the "lowly doors" being the receptive ears of the common man, who, no less truly 
than the leisured and well-to-do, has the privilege to make life livable. It will not 
do to conclude, however, that by his simple fairy-tale framework he is essaying to 
talk down to a lowly audience. They are called to be nature's noblemen after all. 
The writer would modestly disclaim high academic distinction, or scholarship as 
expressed in terms of Phi Beta Kappa: still, the book breathes much of what we 
may call the fragrance of scholarship. The authentic college atmosphere pervades 
it. It is noteworthy, for instance, how many of the figures and illustrations are 
echoes of science, especially biology. A specimen of his college reminiscence is 
given on another page. A kind of work-day psychology, too, which goes deeper 
than one would deem from its lightness of touch, is one of the book's happy merits. 
We may append a specimen, quoted from "The Vision of Anton": — 

" There is a wide difference between Dreams and a Vision, though they are 
related. Both are dependent upon that attribute of the human mind which we 
know by the name of imagination. Imagination is a gift without price. The 
beasts of the field have no imagination; the Man with the Hoe has little; the great 
men of all ages, from Abraham down, have been men of vigorous imagination. 
Imagination has been a mighty force in the development of the human race. Jeru- 
salem and Rome were imagined before they were built. Without imagination 
there can be no upward striving. 

"In some people imagination takes the form of Dreams, and Dreams are but 
the fluttering of the imagination. A Dream makes no far and lofty flight. It 
vanishes before it is captured. It is the aimless wandering of the spirit. Some 
poetry has been built on Dreams, but little else. 

"Now a Vision — a creative Vision — is a pictured goal. There is purpose and 
vigor in it. It is productive of results. And the loftier the Vision, the higher the 
attainment." 

We may sum up the purpose of Mr. Dyer's book, and to a gratifying degree its 
accomplishment, by saying it is a reduction of high values of life and work to 
simple terms. J. F. Genung. 

1896 

The Public Life of Joseph Dudley. By Everett Kimball, Ph.D. (Class of 
1896), Associate Professor of History in Smith College. Longmans, Green & 
Co. 1911. 

This work presents a very fine example of the results of modern methods of 
research in history. One finds on every page the evidences of painstaking indus- 
try in examination of the sources. The author, however, is not content to exhibit 
merely this rather commonplace quality of the research student, but justifies the 
expenditure of so much labor and energy by basing upon their results some very 
novel and attractive views on New England colonial history. 

The book is a very clear account of the public activities of the most important 



166 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

figure on the colonial stage during the years 1682-1715; but it is also much more 
than that, for it throws new light on the changing motives of political action both 
in the colonies and in England. Dudley's birth into one of the great families of 
Massachusetts, his early life, his services in subordinate office until he shared the 
downfall of Andros, his behavior as chief of the Council of New York, when he took 
a leading part in the prosecution of Leisler, his career in England as deputy governor 
of the Isle of Wight and later as member of Parliament, and finally his return to 
Massachusetts in triumph to serve as governor from 1702 to 1715, — these matters 
are clearly set forth in order, while into the narrative is woven the distinctly new 
view that the policy of the later Stuarts had, for its main object, not the imposition 
of a more intolerable tyranny on New England, but the establishment of a more 
business-like and beneficial government. This was the end sought in the tamper- 
ings with colonial charters and in the constant endeavors to enforce the royal 
prerogative. "To England the territory of the several colonies seemed small, and 
their conflicting claims petty. The Committee was weary of listening to disputes 
over boundaries and titles that were comparatively imimportant. It was difficult 
to deal with nine separate governments and to enforce a harmonious policy in five 
separate assemblies. A consolidation of these territories and the establishment 
of a government easily controlled by the crown seemed desirable. Not only would 
the petty disputes cease, but the administration of the law of England and her 
colonial policy would be effective. In addition the military advantages were 
obvious." In constantly thus emphasizing the idea that the home government 
had this statesmanlike purpose and not a desire to be merely disagreeable to the 
colonists, Mr. Kimball differs widely from the older historians and helps us to a 
truer understanding of the relations which existed between the mother country 
and the colonies. Furthermore, we are left with the interesting impression that, if 
at this early period Dudley could have been more successful in the accomplish- 
ment of his designs, many causes of misunderstanding would have been removed, 
and the separation delayed, if not prevented. 

There is a critical list of the sources and authorities used and an excellent 
index. Copious foot-note references support the statements made in the text. 
The book is unquestionably a most useful and scholarly contribution to the litera- 
ture of the period with which it deals. F. L. Thompson. 

1901 

A Defence of Old Age (Cato Major, De Senechde). By Marcus TuUius Cicero. 
Done into English and with an Introduction by Herbert Pierrepont Houghton 
(Class of 1901). New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, The Knicker- 
bocker Press. (The Ariel Booklets.) 

The object of the series in which this translation appears is to present "the 
world's most famous classics" in popular form. Professor Houghton's object in 
his translation is "to obtain the best there is in the treatise for our use in life, for 
our thought, for our reflection." This, truly, he has done, and for it he has all 
credit due him. Success in the main attempt is granted: the points raised here are 
such as need not be raised outside of academic circles. 

There is a phrase in the preface which alludes to the "imitation of the grace 



THE BOOK TABLE 167 

and proportion of a classic temple," which, though it is not used to characterize 
the attempt the translator has made, suggests what he might have had in mind. 
The proportion of the book in English is not to a hair as Cicero formed it: two 
omissions have been made with a view to presenting the argument more clearly. 
As for grace, the style is familiar, designedly so to represent the discourse of an 
old man among his intimates. We are not to expect the "Ciceronian" periods of 
the orations. In such a style the grace should consist in a sureness of touch, a 
precision, that is not always felt in Professor Houghton's translation. On page 61, 
for example, his style is more forensic than familiar, more oratorical even than the 
Latin. In other instances it goes too far toward the colloquial. Phrases like 
"grand old man" (p. 40), "splendidly preserved" (p. 59), "war to the knife" (p. 
78), should be carefully scrutinized before they are put on the pen of Cicero and the 
lips of Cato. And, if ■pilain is rendered "baseball" (p. 92), why should not cursu 
be "sprint" or "hundred" or "two-twenty".'* In comparison with the Latin, too, 
one feels what might be called a dilution of the style by numbers of seemingly un- 
necessary small words, as when nt Themisfocles fertvr Seriphio is rendered, "I am 
reminded of the well-known anecdote of Themistocles and the Seriphian." Prob- 
ably these things are done to avoid the stiffness that is apt to attend on the classics. 
But simplicity need not mean lack of grace. 

Doubtless, no one knows all this better than Professor Houghton. He might 
remind us that other translations are to be had, that of Dr. A. P. Peabody, for ex- 
ample, which follow the Latin more closely in some respects, and that these, however 
readable, are not read. Let us put Cicero's message, then, in any form in which 
it shall reach the present age. If this translation come to the legions to whom it 
would be of use in life, it is without reserve well done. R. P. Uttek. 

1895 

The City that never was Reached, and Other Stories for Children. By Jay T. 
Stocking. Boston, New York, Chicago: The Pilgrim Press. $1 net. 

In this tastefully printed volume Rev. Mr. Stocking, who is a pastor in New- 
tonville, Mass., has with what seems to us remarkable success essayed one of the 
most difficult things in the world to do, — if you do not believe it, try it once, — to 
write stories for the little children, — stories, we mean, of sound Christian fibre and 
influence, yet not at all didactic or unchildlike, nor, on the other hand, assuming 
the vapid inconsequence of the cheap fairy-tale. One notes in these stories, no less 
than in work of a more ambitious sort, how our age has advanced in healthy relig- 
ious sentiment. It is a far cry from such tales as these to the old-fashioned Sun- 
day-school books, in which to be good was to be goody-goody and to invite prema- 
ture death, or to such reactions from these as were either modelled on the pirate and 
Indian or peopled the child's world with brownies and goops and golliwogs. It is al- 
most dismaying to think what the child's eager imagination has been called upon to 
digest in times not yet long past. It was the little ones who perhaps were imposed 
upon the most; for the older children had Stevenson and Kipling and Eugene 
Field, and these were not unwholesome, if not alarmingly pious. But, when writers 
for the toddlers betrayed a nervous dread both of the didactic and the religious, 
the result was apt to be a rather sorry mess, suggesting nothing so much as the 



168 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

book-maker's endeavor to get his goods (at a round price) on the Christmas-tree. 
These stories of Mr. Stocking's are at polar remove from the hoUday or depart- 
ment store "job lot." They are for the younger minds, for the little ones about 
their mother's knees, whom every parent is concerned to have receive the kingdom 
of heaven as a little child and miss no essential stage of it. And, while they do 
not assume the r61e of the teacher or talk down to the child at all, they are per- 
vaded by an atmosphere in which all that is sweet and kind and helpful, with 
complete ignoring of the ugly or evil, is a matter of course, and so the greatest 
values of religion infused into the natural way of living. 

From the constructive point of view one is impressed by the fine literary skill 
evinced even in stories so simple, in the management of the narrative, and in the 
ease of its movement under modern literary exactions. It is a skill that derives 
genuinely from our prevailing regard for natural cause and effect and for the felt 
distinction between fact and fancy. There is complete absence of the magical 
or monstrous or grotesque. If the child is to be transported to the scene of 
some fancy world or to hold converse with some super-earthly being, one notes 
that he is always placed in a situation where the natural event is a dream, and in 
a dream, of course, any wonderful thing may happen; but the transition into the 
dream and the emergence from it are managed so deftly that one is hardly aware 
that this well-worn literary device has been employed at all. Other devices, such 
as letting Uncle Zeb, the shoemaker, tell the story, or going back to a time long, 
long ago when the Earth King wanted a messenger, are, of course, natural escapes 
into the imaginative realm. In one case a side incident, a thing that might well 
have happened, is added to a familiar Bible story, — in the vein of Dr. Van Dyke's 
well-known "Story of the Other Wise Man." 

On the pure and limpid style in which all is told, conformed to the pace of 
the fresh young mind, childlike, but never childish, one need not dwell: it com- 
mends itself. J. F. Genung. 



OFFICIAL AND PERSONAL 



169 



©^rtal anJi Prraonal 



THE TRUSTEES 



The autumn meeting of the Board 
of Trustees of Amherst College was 
held in Amherst on November 16. 
The members of the Board were glad 
to welcome the opportunity thus 
furnished of seeing the College and of 
meeting with the Faculty, and one of 
the pleasantest features of the occa- 
sion was the luncheon in Hitchcock 
Hall in which the Trustees and Faculty 
met for the promotion of mutual 
acquaintance and informal discussion 
of the interests of the College. 

The Trustees present at the meeting 
were Messrs. Plimpton, Harris, Walker, 
Whitcomb, AVard, Pratt, Simpson, 
Patton, Stearns, Rounds, Gillett, Will- 
iams, and Woods. 

The annual elections for officers and 
committees of the Board resulted in the 
choice of Mr. Plimpton for president 
and Mr. W^alker for secretary; Messrs. 
Simpson, WTiitcomb, Pratt, and James 
as the Committee on Finance; Messrs. 
W'ard, Walker, Rounds, and Williams 
as the Committee on Instruction; 
Messrs. Stearns, Patton, Gillett, and 
Woods as the Committee on Buildings 
and Grounds; and Messrs. Kelsey, 
Allen, Robbins, and W'oods as the Com- 
mittee on Honorary Degrees. Accord- 
ing to the rules of the Trustees, the 
president of the Board and the Presi- 
dent of the College are ex-officiis 
members of these committees. 

The most significant business of 
the meeting was the presentation of 
the resignation of the presidential 



office by President Harris in the fol- 
lowing letter: — 

November 15, 1911. 
To the Trustees of Amherst College: 

In 1899 I assumed the presidency of 
the College, and am now, therefore, 
in the thirteenth year of service. These 
passing years, gliding pleasantly and 
rapidly on, have brought me from 
middle life to the age when one should 
retire from active leadership. Before 
the next Commencement I shall be 
sixty-eight years old. 

Although a particular limit, as 
seventy or sixty-five years, cannot be 
arbitrarily fixed for all men as pre- 
cisely the time when they cease to have 
the effectiveness and initiative of young 
and middle life, yet it is inevitable 
that, as the seventh decade nears com- 
pletion, there cannot be the impulse, the 
zest, the momentum of earlier years. 
And although, for myself, I am not 
conscious of any impairment of physi- 
cal health, nor, if I may say it, of any 
dulling of intellectual perception, and 
do not feel old, yet I am aware that the 
passage of time has brought me toward 
or even to the end of the period when 
one can render the most efficient 
service. I therefore offer you my 
resignation of the presidential office, 
expecting it to ta^ effect not later 
than the next Commencement. I 
seize this occasion to express my ap- 
preciation both of the unfailing support 
and the cordial friendship of every 
Trustee. The Board has harmoniously 
and earnestly worked to promote the 
best interests of the College. There 
have been healthy growth, higher 
standards of scholarship, and an im- 
proved morale of students, and sub- 
stantial strengthening of equipment. 
The Faculty have taught faithfully 
with the object of educating thoroughly. 



170. 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



and in all important matters have 
been in accord with me in advancing 
the intellectual and moral welfare of 
the students. Of the successive gen- 
erations of undergraduates I can speak 
only in terms of gratitude for their 
unvarying good-will and earnest co- 
operation. The alumni, of whom one- 
third of those living have been gradu- 
ated during my presidency, are seldom 
critical, and are universally devoted to 
their College. The noble traditions of 
Amherst have not been dimmed,— 
traditions of a liberal education which 
hold fast that which is good, tradi- 
tions of preparing men by discipline 
and character for rendering worthy 
service. 

I esteem it a privilege and an honor to 
have been president of Amherst Col- 
lege, and it is, I must confess, not with- 
out regret that I relinquish my official 
association with Trustees, Faculty, 
students, and alumni. Yet it is with 
the conviction that the bonds of many 
friendships are not broken nor weak- 
ened. With great respect, I am, sin- 
cerely yours, 

George Harris. 

After informal expressions by the 
Trustees of the affection and esteem 
in which President Harris is personally 
held, and of gratitude for what his 
notable administration has accom- 
plished for the College, in which the 
individual members of the Board par- 
ticipated, it was 

Voted: 1. That the resignation of 
President Harris be accepted to take 
effect, as he suggests, at the next Com- 
mencement, and that in accepting it 
the Board gratefully acknowledges the 
indebtedness of the Board and of the 
College to President Harris for his 
very notable services, and expresses 
the Trustees' hearty appreciation of 
the kindness, courtesy, and considera- 
tion on his part which have marked all 
his relations with the Trustees, and 
assures President Harris of the affec- 



tion and honor in which all the mem- 
bers of the Board hold him. 

2. That a committee, consisting of 
Messrs. Simpson, Ward, Williams, 
and Walker, be appointed to give more 
adequate and fitting expression to the 
feelings of the Trustees in the form 
of a letter in reply to the President's 
letter of resignation. 

Announcement was made to the 
Board of the death of Walter M. How- 
land, Esq., of the Class of 1863, long 
Trustee and Treasurer of the College, 
and it was 

Voted, That Mr. Williams be re- 
quested to prepare a minute expres- 
sive of appreciation of the character 
and services of the late Mr. Howland, 
and that it be forwarded to his family. 

Announcement was made that a 
fund of $20,000 in memory of the late 
Clyde Fitch of the Class of 1886 had 
been received, to be known as the 
Clyde Fitch Fund for the furtherance 
of the teaching of English literature 
and of the dramatic art and literature. 
It was 

Voted, That the disposition of the 
income of the Clyde Fitch Fund for 
the present academic year be referred 
to the Committee on Instruction, with 
power. 

The purchase of the remarkable col- 
lection of slides illustrative of places 
and scenes connected with English 
literature, which was made by the 
late Andrew George of the Class of 
1876, was authorized by the Board. 

It was also decided to procure 
academic gowns for the members of 
the College Choir. 

WiLLisTON Walker, 

Secretary. 



THE FACULTY 171 



THE FACULTY 

Following is a list of books, articles, and reviews published by- 
members of the Faculty during the years 1910 and 1911: — 

Professor B. K. Emerson 

"The Cirques and Rock-cut Terraces of Mount Toby." Bulletin of the 
Geological Society of America. 

"Helix Chemica: A Study of the Periodic Relations of the Elements and their 
Graphic Representation." American Chemical Journal, Vol. XLV, p. 161. 

" Concerning a New Arrangement of the Elements on a Helix and the Rela- 
tionships which may be usefully Expressed thereon." Science, November 
10, 1911. 

"Adamas: or the Symmetries of Isometric Crystals." Popular Science 
Monthly, December, 1911. 
Professor John INI. Tyler 

"The Physical Education of Girls and Women." American Physical Educa- 
tion Review, November, 1911. 
Professor David Todd 

"An Open Air Telescope." American Journal of Science, July, 1911. 

"The Science of Aeronautics To-day." Country Life in America, July 15, 
1911. 

"On Standard Time System." Resolution presented to the Pan-American 
Scientific Congress held at Santiago, Chile, January 5, 1909. 

"The Spectroscope in Astronomy." The Monthly Evening Sky-Map, Decem- 
ber, 1911. 

"Re\'iew of Astronomy for the Year" (co-author with Mabel Loomis Todd), 
in Appleton's American Year-Book for 1910. 

"Review of Astronomy for the Year" (under owTi name). Appleton's Ameri- 
can Year-Book for 1911. 

Professor John F. Genung 

"This Man Coniah." Biblical World, February, 1911. 

"\Miy the Authorized Version became an English Classic." Biblical World, 
April, 1911. 

"My Lowly Teacher." Harper's New Monthly Magazine, May, 1911. 

"Meaning and Usage of the Term n^tyiri." Journal of Biblical Literature, 
1911. 
Professor Arthur L. Kimball 

A College Text-book of Physics. New York: Henry Holt & Co. 1911. 
Professor George B. Churchill 

Reviews in Jahrbuch der deutschen Shakespeare-Gesellschaft. Berlin. 

In 1910:— 



172 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

Was Shakespeare a Gentleman? By Samuel A. Tannenbaum. 

Die Sage von Heinrich V. bis zu Shakespeare. Von Paul Kabel. 

The Stage History of Shakespeare's King Richard the Third. By Alice I. P. 

Wood. 
Hymenseus, a Comedy acted at St. John's College, Cambridge. Edited by 

G. C. Moore Smith. 
In 1911:— 
Laelia, a Comedy acted at Queen's College, Cambridge. Edited by G. C. 

Moore Smith. 
Fucus Histriomastix, a Comedy acted at Queen's College, Cambridge. 

Edited by G. C. Moore Smith. 

Professor Arthur John Hopkins 

"Specific Gravities of the Elements considered in their Relation to the Peri- 
odic System. ' ' Journal of the American Chemical Society, XXXIII, 7, 
July, 1911. 

Professor James W. Crook 

Review of " Investment and Speculation," by Conway and Atwood. Ameri- 
can Economic Review, September, 1911. 

"The Interstate Commerce Commission under the Old and the New Law." 
North American Review, December, 1911. 
Professor H. P. Gallinger 

Review of Dr. Preserved Smith's Life of Martin Luther. Amherst Graduates' 
Quarterly, October, 1911. 

Professor H. Carrington Lancaster 

Review of "Mario Schiff," by Marie de Gournay. Modern Language Notes, 
April, 1911. 

"A Classic French Tragedy based on an Anecdote told of Charles the Bold," 
in Studies in Honor of A. Marshall Elliott, Vol. II, pp. 159-174, July, 
1911. 
Associate Professor Stanley L. Galpin 

"Guillaume de Deguileville and the Roman de la Rose." Modern Language 
Notes, Vol. XXV (1910), pp. 159-160. 

" On the Sources of Guillaume de Deguileville's Pelerinage de I'Ame. Publi- 
cations of the Modern Language Association of America, New Series, 
Vol. XVIII (1910), pp. 275-308. 

"The Influence of the Mediaeval Christian Visions on Jean de Meun's Notions 
of Hell." Romanic Review, Vol. II (1911), pp. 54-60. (A paper read at 
the meeting of the Modern Language Association of America, New York, 
December, 1910.) 

"Danglers li Vilains." Romanic Review, Vol. II (1911), pp. 320-322. 
Associate Professor O. Manthey-Zorn 

Fulda, Der Talisman. Edited, with introduction, notes, questions, and vo- 
cabulary. 1911. 
Assistant Professor William A. Stowell 

"The Etymology of Bacheler," in Studies in Honor of A. Marshall Elliott, 
Vol. I, p. 225, June, 1910. 



THE FACULTY 173 

Assistant Professor Charles H. Toll 

Die erste Antinomic Kants und der Pantheismus. 1910. 
Assistant Professor John M. Clark 

Standards of Reasonableness in Local Freight Discriminations. 1910. 

"Rates for Public Utilities," in Avierican Economic Review, September, 1911. 
Associate Professor Richard F. Nelligan 

"Keeping in Training." Covntry Life in America, August, 1911. 
Assistant Professor Herbert Pierrepont Houghton 

A Defence of Old Age: Cicero's Cato Maior de Senectute translated with 
an Introduction, pp. vi + 126. New York and London: G. P. Put- 
nam's Sons. 1911. 

Review of " Cumont's Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism," in the Amherst 
Monthly, XXVI, 5, 170-171. 
Assistant Professor Charles W. Cobb 

A Type of Four-Stress Verse in Shakespeare, New Shakes peareana. Vol. X, 
No. 1. 
Dr. Preserved Smith 

The Life and Letters of Martin Luther. Boston and New York: The Hough- 
ton Mifflin Company. 1911. 

"Luther and Henry VIII." Article in The "England Historical Review. 
London. No. 100, October, 1910. 

"The Methods of Reformation Interpreters of the Bible." Article in The 
Biblical World. Chicago. Vol. XXXVIII, No. 4, October, 1911. 

The Lives of Nicholas V, Pius II, and other popes, in the Encyclopaedia Brit- 
annica. 11th edition. Cambridge University Press. London and New 
York. 1910-11. 

"Notes from English Libraries." Article in the Zeitschrift fiir Kirchenge- 
schichte. Band xxxii.. Heft i., March, 1911. Gotha: F. A. Perthas. 

"Notes on Luther's Letters." American Journal of Theology, Vol. XIV, p. 280. 

Review of Mrs. Henry Cust's "Gentleman Errant." Ibid., p. 470. 

Review of Stokes's "Epistolse Obscurorum Virorum." Ibid., p. 471. 

Review of Boehmer's "Luther im Lichte der neueren Forschung," in American 
Journal of Theology, January, 1910. Chicago. 

Review of "Luther und Lutherthum," by H. Denifle und A. M. Weiss (5 vols.). 
American Historical Review, January, 1910. Washington. 

Review of "Lettres de Jerome Aleandre," ed. J. Paquier, in American Historical 
Review, January, 1910. 

Review of "Briefe an Erasmus," ed. J. Forstemann und O. Gunther, in Ameri- 
can Historical Review, July, 1910. 

Review of "Opus epistolarum Erasmi," ed. P. S. Allen (2 vols.), in American 
Historical Review, July, 1910. 



174 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



THE ALUMNI 



THE LOCAL ASSOCIATIONS 

AMHERST ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK 

Chahles H. Dayton, Secretary, 
90 West Street, New York. 

The association held a very success- 
ful smoker on Friday, December 8, at 
Keen's chop-house, 70 West 36th 
Street. Professor William P. Bigelow, 
'89, spoke most interestingly on the 
condition of the College and of its 
educational history during the last 
three administrations. Mr. Richard 
S. Outcault (originator of "Buster 
Brown") entertained the gathering 
with some humorous anecdotes, and 
there was singing by Mr. Reinald 
Werrenrath, New York University, 
1905, and Mr. George Harris, Jr., 1906. 
There was an unusually large and en- 
thusiastic attendance. 

The annual dinner of the association 
will be held at the Waldorf-Astoria 
on Wednesday, February 21. Alumni 
who have recently moved to the city 
should send their addresses to the 
secretary. 



association of central new YORK 

Halsey M. Collins, Secretary, 
Cortland, N.Y. 

The annual dinner of the association 
was held at the Hotel Onondaga, 
Syracuse, on December 29. The speak- 
ers were President Harris, Professor 
Newlin, and Edwin Duffey, '90. 



northwestern altjmni association 

Jos. L. Seybold, Secretary, 

Care Wells & Dickey Co., Minneapolis, 
Minn. 

The association held its fall luncheon 
at the Minneapolis Club, Minneapolis, 
on Thursday, October 19. The guest of 
honor was President Rush Rhees, '83, 
of the University of Rochester. J. R. 
Kingman, '83, was elected president 
of the association. 

ALUMNI association OF SAN FRANCISCO 

WiLLARD P. Smith, Secretary, 
1700 Can Bldg., San Francisco, Cal. 

This association was organized at a 
dinner held at the St. Germain Res- 
taurant, San Francisco, on December 
15. Professor William A. Merrill, '80, 
of the University of California, was 
elected president. It is planned to 
hold semi-annual dinners. The mem- 
bership includes alumni from the Class 
of 1866 to the Class of 1903. 

ASSOCIATION OF ST. LOUIS 

Luther Ely Smith, Secretary, 
Pierce Building, St. Louis, Mo. 

The annual fall reunion and dinner 
of the Amherst Alumni Association of 
St. Louis and vicinity took place Sat- 
urday evening, December 16, at the 
University Club. In the absence of 
President Robbins, '63, owing to ill- 
ness. Secretary Luther Smith presided. 
This is the first meeting Mr. Robbins 



THE ALUMNI 



175 



has ever missed, but he kept in touch 
with the diners by telephone. Arm- 
strong, '60, detained by the serious ill- 
ness of his son, was also absent for 
the first time in the history of the 
association. The programme included 
speeches by Judges Homer and Mc- 
Elhinney, topical songs by the Am- 
herst Quartette, and impersonations by 



members. Those present were: W. B. 
Homer, '71; McElhinney, '72; Smith, 
'9-1; Storrs, '99; Ford, Whitelaw, Wil- 
son, '02; Burg, R. M. Homer, '03; 
Bixby, Weed, '05; Love, More, Scud- 
der, Semple, '06; Hall, R. J. Jones, 
Little, Locke, Walbridge, W'illiams, 
Wyman, '07; Burg, '08; W. B. Jones, 
'09; Bamhart, Finlay, '10; Wall, '11. 



176 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



THE CLASSES 



1853 

Rev. George W. Clark, D.D., died 
on November 10, 1911, at his home 
in Hightstown, N.J. He was born at 
South Orange, N.J., in 1831. After 
graduating from Rochester Theological 
Seminary, he was ordained in 1855 and 
filled many pulpits in New York and 
New Jersey. For twenty-five years 
he was financial agent of the American 
Baptist Publication Society. He wrote 
the "History of the First Baptist 
Church of Elizabeth, N.J.," the "New 
Harmony of the Four Gospels in 
English," and "Notes on the Four 
Gospels." 

1855 

Elbert Eli Farman, LL.D., died at his 
home in Warsaw, N.Y., on December 
30, at the age of eighty-one. He was 
born in New Haven, Conn. After 
leaving Amherst, he studied interna- 
tional law in Berlin and Heidelberg. 
In 1876 he was appointed diplomatic 
agent and consul-general at Cairo, a 
position he held until 1881. In 1878 
he accompanied General Grant on the 
voyage up the Nile. In 1880-81 he 
was a member of the international com- 
mission on the revision of the judicial 
codes of Egypt, and from 1881-8-1 he 
was a member of the international 
commission, which among other duties, 
fixed the indemnity for the bombard- 
ment of Alexandria. It was through 
the activity of Judge Farman that the 
Khedive of Egypt presented to New 
York City the obelisk known as 
"Cleopatra's Needle." He was the 
author of "Along the Nile with Gen- 
eral Grant," "Egypt and its Betrayal," 



and an exhaustive genealogy of the 
Farman family. Judge Farman was 
an officer of the imperial order of the 
Medjidieh and a member of the Union 
League Club of New York. 

Rev. Martin S. Howard became 
pastor emeritus at Wilbraham, Mass., 
on October 29, 1911, having served 
forty-three years. 

John Orne, Ph.D., died at his home in 
Cambridge, Mass., on December 1, 
1911. After leaving Amherst, he taught 
in Newburyport, his native town, and in 
Salem, and for about twenty years in 
the Cambridge High School. He was 
a member of the American Oriental 
Society and the Harvard Biblical Club, 
and was widely known for his proficiency 
in the Arabic language, having served 
for several years as curator of Arabic 
manuscripts at Harvard. Dr. Orne 
is survived by a widow. 

1856 

Professor Charles H. Hitchcock, 
LL.D., of Honolulu, has published a 
second edition, with supplement, of 
his book on " Hawaii and its Volcanoes," 
a book described in Science as "the 
most satisfactory source of information 
on the subject, because compiled with 
care and with the aim of completeness." 
The book is published by the Hawaiian 
Gazette Co., Ltd. 

1857 

Rev. William Crawford, D.D., of 
Port Deposit, Md., formerly of Hol- 
yoke, Mass., has been elected mod- 
erator of the Newcastle Presbytery. 



THE CLASSES 



177 



1859 

Richard Morris Wyckoff, M.D., 
died at his home in BrookljTi, N.Y., 
on November 11, at the age of seventy- 
three. He graduated in 1864 from the 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and 
in 1865 was commissioned an assistant 
surgeon in the United States Navy. 
From the close of the war until he re- 
tired, about fifteen years ago, he 
practised in Brooklyn, and was suc- 
cessively inspector, register of vital 
statistics, assistant sanitary superin- 
tendent, and deputy commissioner in 
the Department of Health. He had 
been secretary of the Kings County 
Medical Society, and was active in the 
affairs of the New York State Medical 
Society. Dr. Wyckoff was unmarried. 

1863 

Judge Edward W. Chapin of Hol- 
yoke, Mass., is the author of a volume 
entitled "Evenings with Shakespeare, 
and Other Essays," containing essays 
on OUver Wendell Holmes, Alexander 
Hamilton, Robert Louis Stevenson, and 
Oliver Goldsmith. 

Walter Morton Howland, Esq., Treas- 
urer of the College from 1903 to 1908, 
died at his home in Amherst on October 
22, 1911. Born in Conway, Mass., a 
descendant of John Howland of the 
"Mayflower," he prepared for college 
at Williston Seminary. After leaving 
Amherst, he enlisted in the army, and 
served in the quartermaster's depart- 
ment. Studying law in Lynn and in 
Chicago, he practised in the latter 
city for about thirty-five years. In 
1895 he was elected a member of the 
Board of Trustees of the College, and 
served until 1905, having in the mean 
time moved to Amherst, where he 
occupied "The Ledges" at South 
Amherst. The funeral service was 



held in the College Church on October 
24, President Harris and Rev. Calvin 
Stebbins, '63, taking part, and the 
burial was at Conway. Mr. Howland 
leaves a widow, a daughter, Mrs. St. 
John Smith of New York, and a brother, 
Francis Howland of Conway. 

1869 

Richard Goodman, Esq., died of 
pneumonia in Lenox on November 7, 
1911. After leaving Amherst, he 
studied law in Harvard Law School, 
and became partner in the law firm of 
Cummings & Goodman in Boston. He 
continued practice in New York until 
on account of poor health he retired 
from active practice and returned to 
Lenox to dev'ote himself to breed- 
ing Jersey cattle and to perfecting dairy 
processes. For the past twenty years 
he had had a residence also at Yon- 
kers. He was for many years the 
president of the Lenox Library. 

1870 

Cornelius G. Trow, Secretary, 
Sunderland, Mass. 

The following tribute, paid by inti- 
mate friends, will be sincerely echoed 
by the numerous body of alumni who 
knew the subject of it: — 

IN MEMORY OF 

CHARLES HENRY AMES 

Born February 5, 1847 

Died September 9, 1911 

He touched life on many sides and in 
broad relations; widely travelled, he 
was a lover of home; an enthusiastic 
student of nature, he saw it in its 
deeper meaning; appreciative of art, 
he brought it within the horizon of 
youth; an idealist in temperament, 
he was gifted with rare insight into the 



178 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



subtle problems of philosophy; sensi- 
tive to moral issues, he was a cham- 
pion of ethical standards; a gracious 
spirit, he was a friend of all that is 
good, and the good and wise were 
friends of his. 

Arthur Grossman Bradley died 
last November at his home in Newport, 
N.H., of a sudden attack of heart 
disease. He was born in Brattleboro, 
Vt., where he prepared for college 
at the Burnside Military Academy. 
After receiving his degree at Amherst, 
he studied law at Columbia. Ad- 
mitted to the New York bar in 1872, 
he took up the practice of patent law, 
but later became a manufacturer of 
white lead. Mr. Bradley was sixty- 
two years old at the time of his death. 
The funeral was held in Newport, 
November 4. 

Walter Wyman, M.D., LL.D., sur- 
geon-general of the United States 
Public Health and Marine Hospital 
Service, died at Providence Hospital, 
Washington, on November 21, 1911, 
after an illness of several months. The 
direct cause of Dr. Wy man's death was' 
a carbuncle, which developed four 
weeks prior to his death, after he had 
been in poor health for several months. 
He was taken to the hospital, and for 
a while appeared to improve rapidly, 
until, five days before his death, there 
was a decided turn for the worse, and 
he steadily grew weaker until the end 
came. The funeral services were held 
in the Presbyterian church at St. 
Louis. 

Dr. Wyman was unmarried. He 
was born in St. Louis in 1848, and was 
graduated from the City University 
of St. Louis in 1866. He also had 
degrees from Amherst, St. Louis 
Medical College (M.D.), Western Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania (LL.D.), and 
the University of Maryland. He had 



been in the Marine Hospital Service 
since 1876, serving at St. Louis, Cin- 
cinnati, Baltimore, New York, and 
Washington. He was supervising sur- 
geon-general of the Marine Hospital 
Service from 1891 to 1902, and since 
July 1, 1902, had been surgeon-general 
of the United States Public Health 
and Marine Hospital Service. 

Always giving special attention to 
physical conditions affecting the mer- 
chant marine. Dr. Wyman had been 
instrumental in having many laws 
passed for the benefit of seamen, and 
had been active in bringing about the 
establishment of sanatoriums for con- 
sumptives and leprosy-investigating 
stations. He was author of numerous 
pamphlets connected with public 
health, and a member of the leading 
American and international medical 
societies. In 1893 he achieved what 
was considered one of the greatest 
accomplishments of his career, when 
he succeeded in having the present 
national quarantine laws passed. In 
1896 he supervised the building of 
the home for tuberculosis patients at 
Fort Stanton, N.M. He had entire 
control of all Federal sanitary regula- 
tions in the entire United States, the 
Philippines, Panama, and Porto Rico, 
and was one of the most powerful 
officials in the entire national govern- 
ment. 

Dr. Wyman was president of the 
American Public Health Association, 
president of the Association of Mili- 
tary Surgeons, and chairman of the 
International Sanitary Bureau. His 
mother, Mrs. Edward Wyman of St. 
Louis, survives him, and also three 
brothers, Henry P. and Frank of St. 
Louis and Arthur Wyman of Chi- 
cago, and one sister, Mrs. Florence 
Richardson of St. Louis. 

The Alumni Association of St. Louis 



THE CLASSES 



179 



adopted the following minute on the 
death of Dr. Wynian: — 

' ' The Amherst Alumni Association of 
St. Louis has learned with the deepest 
regret of the death of the Honorable 
Walter Wyman, Surgeon-General of the 
United States. General Wyman was a 
graduate of Amherst in the Class of 
1870. He returned to Amherst last 
June for the Commencement, and at 
that time received the honorary degree 
of Doctor of Laws from his Alma Mater. 

"Himself a St. Louis man, he fre- 
quently returned to this city, and at 
all times felt a lively interest in this as- 
sociation. At a meeting of the Ameri- 
can Medical Society here in June, 1910, 
General Wyman was the guest of honor 
at a dinner given by the Amherst 
alumni of St. Louis. His distinguished 
services to the government, to his pro- 
fession, and to the cause of humanity, 
are a public record. This association 
acknowledges the deep loss which the 
college and the country have sustained 
in the death of Dr. Wyman. To his 
family and relatives we extend our 
sympathy." 

1871 

Herbert G. Lord, Secretary, 
623 West 113th Street, New York City. 

Raymond L. Bridgman is the author 
of a book entitled "The First Book 
of W^orld Law," published by Ginn 
& Co. It is described as "a com- 
pilation of the International Conven- 
tions to which the principal nations 
are signatory, with a survey of their 
significance." The dominating idea of 
the book is represented in an article 
on "The World Person" in the Bib- 
liotheca Sacra, July, 1911. 

The last number of the Quarterly 
was issued before the report of the 



fortieth reunion was received. There 
were present nineteen out of thirty- 
nine members, as follows: Blanchard, 
Bliss, Bridgman, Chickering, Forbes, 
Hartzell, Hubbard, Lord, Martin, 
Morong, Morse, Paine, Root, Sawyer, 
G. F., Slocum, Smith, Stone, Taylor, 
and Tomblen. The class secretary 
arranged to have the work of the 
members reported upon by some 
classmate or friend. Thus, Professor 
Brander Matthews wrote upon Brown- 
ell, Professor E. R. A. Seligman upon 
Clark, Professor Kemp upon Lord, 
Martin upon Chickering, and Simpson 
upon Moore and Morse. The inno- 
vation was most successful, and the 
results unusually interesting. 



1874 

On November 12, 1911, a marble 
tablet was unveiled at Cooper Institute, 
New York, in memory of the late 
Charles Sprague Smith, the founder 
and director of the People's Institute. 
The tablet bears the following in- 
scription: — 

IN memory of 

CHARLES SPRAGUE SMITH 

1853-1910 

Founder and Director 

OF 

The People's Institute 

Let this soul pass on. He lives upon 
trust. His lips are pure and his hands 
are pure. His heart weighs right in 
the balance. He never preferred the 
great man to him of low condition. 
He was a brother to the great and a 
father to the humble. He fought on 
earth the battle of the good even as his 
Father, the Lord of the invisible world, 
commanded him. 



180 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



1876 

William M. Ducker, Secretary, 
277 Broadway, New York City. 

McGeorge Bundy, Esq., one of the 
leading attorneys of Grand Rapids, 
Mich., died in Antwerp, Belgium, the 
middle of November, while on a trip for 
the benefit of his health. Although never 
in public life, Mr. Bundy held a place 
of considerable influence in the legal 
circles of the city, and was highly es- 
teemed. 

1877 

George H. Utter, Secretary, 
Westerly, R.I. 

Alonzo T. Searle, Esq., presiding 
judge of the Twenty-third Judicial 
District of Pennsylvania, was re- 
elected in November for a term of 
ten years by a very large majority. 
Judge Searle has an unusual record in 
the fact that no case ever tried before 
him has been appealed. 

Henry Stockbridge, LL.D., was re- 
elected in November to the Court of 
Appeals of Maryland, with the largest 
vote of any of the candidates and also 
the largest majority. 

1878 

H. Norman Gardiner, Secretary, 
23 Crafts Avenue, Northampton, Mass. 

Charles H. Fuller, Esq., former 
State senator of New York, has been 
elected president of the Brooklyn 
League. 

1879 

J. Franklin Jameson, Secretary, 
Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C. 

Rev. Nehemiah Boynton, D.D., was 
one of the speakers at the 106th annual 



dinner of the New England Society of 
New York on December 22. 

Rev. Dr. Frank M. Carson, who has 
been pastor for several years of the 
Lakeview Presbyterian Church in 
Evanston, 111., has accepted a call to 
the pastorate of the First Presbyterian 
Church of Greenwich, Conn. He 
lived in Clinton, la., from 1892 to 
1897, when he moved to Evanston. 

Frank J. Goodnow, LL.D., having a 
year's leave of absence from his profes- 
sorship of administrative law in Co- 
lumbia University, is spending the year 
in Washington as a member of Presi- 
dent Taft's Committee on Economy 
and Efficiency in the Public Service. 
He has recently published a volume 
entitled "Social Reform and the Con- 
stitution." 

A. L. Hardy was recently elected 
President of the Hampden County 
Teachers' Association. 

Isaac A. Lamson, who was a member 
of the class for a short time and then 
went to Brown University, where he 
was graduated in 1880, died on Feb- 
ruary 22, 1911, at Asbury Grove, 
Mass., which had been his home and 
place of business for many years. 

Neal Mitchell, M.D., died on Septem- 
ber 30, 1911, at Boston. An invalid for 
many years past, though a most cheer- 
ful and courageous one, he was ac- 
customed to spend his summers at 
Readfield, Me. His death occurred 
while he was making his annual jour- 
ney from that place southward. Dr. 
Mitchell had had a very distinguished 
career as a physician. As president 
of the Board of Health of Jackson- 
ville, Fla., he had carried that city 
through the celebrated epidemic of 
yellow fever in 1888, winning a high 
reputation for his administration. 
Throughout subsequent years he 
ranked as the leading physician of the 



THE CLASSES 



181 



city, but contracted tuberculosis, and 
through the hist seven or eight years 
of his Hfe was unable to practise. He, 
however, retarded the progress of the 
disease with great skill, and main- 
tained personal good cheer and gen- 
erous hospitality throughout his ill- 
ness, showing to the last those traits 
of mental brightness, geniality, and 
social charm which in college days so 
endeared him to his classmates. He 
leaves a widow, but no children. 

1880 

Rev. John De Pen has resigned from 
his pastorate at Bridgeport, Conn. 

1881 

Frank H. Parsons, Secretary, 
60 Wall Street, New York City. 

Henry C. Hall, Esq., has recently 
been elected president of the Colorado 
State Bar Association. 

Professor James F. Kemp,E.M.,Sc.D., 
head of the Department of Geology 
and Mineralogy at Columbia University, 
was last year elected to membership 
in the National Academy of Science. 
Whitman Cross, '74, and J. M. Clarke, 
'77, are the only other Amherst men 
who have been so honored. 

Rev. William S. Nelson, D.D., who 
for many years has been principal of 
the Boys' Boarding School at Tripoli, 
Syria, under the direction of the 
Presbyterian Board of Foreign Mis- 
sions, has recently transferred his 
activities to Homs, Syria, which is 
the terminus of the railroad recently 
built from Tripoli. The commercial 
developments in northern Syria, in- 
dicated by the opening of this railroad, 
called for a forward movement on the 
part of the mission and the residence 
of an American family at Homs, and 



the call has been answered by this 
transfer. 

Thatcher Thayer Thurston died at 
Providence, R.I., on June 21, 1911. 
The Holyoke Daily Transcript of June 
22, of which Dwight, '81, is the editor, 
thus speaks of him: " Newspaperdom 
at Providence has lost a unique mem- 
ber in the death of Thatcher Thayer 
Thurston, who had for some years 
been associate editor of the Providence 
Tribune. Before that he had been 
one of the strong men on the Fall 
River Journal. Mr. Thurston was 
an exceptionally brilliant fellow, and 
wrote with a terseness that was orig- 
inal as well as effective. Mr. Thurs- 
ton was a newspaper man by nature 
and habit. He was genial, hospi- 
table, and very much of a Bohemian — 
when it came to living. Mr. Thurs- 
ton was a graduate of Amherst College, 
and in college he was loved for his good 
fellowship and bright mind. But it's 
all over now at fifty-one." 

1882 

Rev. James W. Bixler, formerly of 
New London, Conn., has become 
professor of theology in Atlanta 
Seminary, Galveston, Tex. 

T. A. Greene, 1913, is president of 
the Eighty-two Club at Amherst. 
The other members are W. F. Greene, 
'14, C. M. Mills, '14, G. E. Washburn, 
'14, C. S. Day, '15, G. R. Hall, '15, 
and A. H. Washburn, '15. 

1883 

John B. Walker, Secretary, 
33 East 33d Street, New York. 

Professor Edward S. Parsons, L.H.D., 
of Colorado College, has published a 
little book entitled "The Social Mes- 
sage of Jesus," a course of twelve 



182 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



lessons designed for students and 
readers of the Bible. It is published 
by the National Board of Young 
Women's Christian Associations of 
the United States. 

1884 

WiLLARD H. Wheeler, Secretary, 
Maiden Lane, New York City. 

William E. Parker died, at the age 
of forty-nine, at his home at Newton 
Centre on November 2, 1911, after 
an illness of several months. He was 
born at Hyannis, 1861. After a 
brief service as assistant to the li- 
brarian of Columbia University he 
became interested in the new project 
of furnishing library and office sup- 
plies, and removed to Boston, where 
he was one of the founders of the 
Library Bureau. Largely due to his 
ability and untiring industry, this 
enterprise steadily developed to a 
business of large proportions. 

He resided for many years at New- 
ton Centre, and was an active and 
influential citizen in the affairs of his 
home community. He was a member 
of the First Church of Newton. While 
a member of the school board of 
Newton (from 1903 to 1909), he was 
the leading spirit in building, equip- 
ping, and organizing the new technical 
high school, which is regarded as a 
model in this class of educational in- 
stitutions. 

Mr. Parker was married November 
18, 1891, to Miss Tena Bartlett, 
daughter of Alvin G. Bartlett, of 
Roxbury. His wife and three children 
survive him. He was a member of the 
Phi Beta Kappa and Delta Kappa 
Epsilon fraternities, the University 
Club of Boston, the Republican Club 
of New York, and the Boston Alumni 



Association of Amherst, of which he 
was president in 1904. The funeral 
services were held on November 4, 
and were conducted entirely by class- 
mates, eleven of whom were present. 

William S. Rossiter, a leading expert 
on matters relating to the census, is 
the author of an article on "The 
Pressure of Population" in the At- 
lantic Monthly for December, 1911, 
in which he raises some very thought- 
provoking and sometimes startling 
questions suggested by the enormous 
increase of the world's population since 
1800. 

Rev. Frederick C. Taylor, formerly 
of South Britain, Conn., has ac- 
cepted a call to Prescott, Mass. 

1885 

Frank E. Whitman, Secretary, 
490 Broome Street, New York City. 

Herbert B. Ames was returned to 
the Dominion Parliament of Canada 
at the last elections as the representa- 
tive of one of the divisions of Mon- 
treal. 

Rev. Francis L. Palmer is instructor 
in ethics and apologetics in Seabury 
Divinity School, Faribault, Minn. 

A sixth son has been born to Rev. 
and Mrs. William G. Thayer, D.D., 
of Southboro, Mass. 

Samuel H. Williams was recently 
elected president of the Connecticut 
Sunday School Association. 

1886 

Charles F. Marble, Secretary, 
4 Marble Street, Worcester, Mass. 

Clay H. Hollister, vice-president of 
the Old National Bank, Grand Rapids, 
Mich., is chairman of the Bills of 
Lading Committee of the American 
Bankers Association. 



THE CLASSES 



183 



Professor Harris H. Wilder, Ph.D., of 
Smith College, with his wife, who is asso- 
ciated with him in teaching, made a not- 
able trip last summer to some parts of 
the East off the usual line of travel, in 
search of materials illustrative o( their 
department of biological study. After 
an irksome experience in getting re- 
leased from a cholera-infected ship, 
and visits to many places in Croatia, 
Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Dalmatia, 
they spent some time in the neighbor- 
hood of Triest, where they explored 
caves, finding some interesting remains 
of the neolithic period, notably a 
human cranium of very ancient date. 
They visited also the excavations at 
Salona and Aquileia, where are impor- 
tant Roman remains, and also made 
an extended study of Diocletian's 
palace at Spalato. 

Robert A. Woods was recently 
elected a director of the Boston Dis- 
pensary. 

1887 

Rev. Willard B. Thorp is one of the 
authors of a volume entitled "Signifi- 
cance of the Personality of Christ," 
published by the Pilgrim Press. His 
specific subject is "The Significance 
of the Personality of Christ for the 
Minister's Preaching." 

1888 

George Baker, Secretary, 
6 Cornell Street, Springfield, Mass. 
William B. Greenough, Esq., who for 
three years has been assistant attorney- 
general of Rhode Island, and for seven 
successive years before that attorney- 
general, has declined renomination, 
and formed a law partnership with 
Frank T. Easton, Brown, '92, and 
Harry P. Cross, Yale, '96, under the 
firm name of Greenough, Easton & 
Cross, Providence, R.T. 



1890 

Charles S. Whitman, Secretary, 

Criminal Courts Building, New York 
City. 

Messrs. Doubleday, Page & Co. have 
published "A Venture in Identity," 
by Lucile Houghton, wife of Henry 
Houghton. 

Professor John M. Clapp of Lake 
Forest College, 111., is one of the di- 
rectors of the National Council of 
Teachers of English. 

Rev. Edward P. Kelley of Pigeon 
Cove, Rockport, has accepted a call to 
Belchertown, Mass. 



1891 

WiNSLOw H. Edwards, Secretary, 
Easthampton, Mass. 

Arthur B. Chapiu has resigned 
as Bank Commissioner of Massachu- 
setts, to accept the vice-presidency of 
the American Trust Company of Bos- 
ton. He was formerly, for four years. 
State Treasurer of Massachusetts, and 
prior to that was for seven years mayor 
of Holyoke. The Boston Transcript 
says that in his retirement "the Com- 
monwealth loses an excellent public 
servant," and commends his "zeal, 
industry, and special information." 

Ernest R. Clark, head of the de- 
partment of English, East High School, 
Rochester, N.Y., is one of the direc- 
tors of the National Council of 
Teachers of English. 

Robert Sessions Woodworth, Ph.D., 
now professor of Psychology in Colum- 
bia University, has collaborated with 
George Trumbull Ladd, LL.D., pro- 
fessor emeritus of moral philosophy 
and metaphysics in Yale, in writing a 
book entitled "Elements of Physio- 
logical Psychology," a treatise of the 



184 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



activities and nature of the mind from 
the physical and experimental points 
of view. 

1892 

Richard S. Brooks, Secretary, 
The Republican, Springfield, Mass. 

Cornelius J. Sullivan has been re- 
appointed by Mayor Gaynor, for a term 
of five years, a member of the Board 
of Education of New York City. 



running on the Republican ticket, 
missed election by the narrow margin 
of 262 votes. This is all the more 
interesting in view of the fact that 
he was opposing a strong candidate 
who had already served one term. 

Herbert C. Wood, who has been 
connected with the high schools of 
Cleveland, Ohio, continuously since 
1894, has recently been made Prin- 
cipal of the Collinwood High School 
of that city. 



1893 

William C. Breed, Secretary, 
32 Liberty Street, New York City. 

Frank D. Blodgett of Oneonta, 
N.Y., who for several years has held 
the chair of logic and pedogogics in 
the State Normal School in that city, 
was elected mayor by a good majority 
over his Democratic opponent in the 
November elections. 

Edward Bramhall Brooks and Miss 
Lillian Clifton House were married in 
Brooklyn, September 30, 1911. 

Charles D. Norton has been elected 
a trustee of the Equitable Life As- 
surance Society and a director of the 
Bankers Trust Company of New York. 
Rev. Julian H. Olmstead, recently of 
Clarion, la., has accepted a call to the 
First Congregational Church of Homer, 
N.Y., to which place he has already 
moved with his family. 

On Wednesday, December 13, 1911, 
a daughter, Janet Gray, was born to 
Rev. and Mrs. Henry P. SchauflBer 
of New York City. 

In a whirlwind campaign for State 
senatorial honors in which the voters 
of the Berkshire District, Massachu- 
setts, evinced more interest than has 
been shown in a similar campaign in 
years, Walter H. Tower of Dalton, 



1894 

Henry E. Whitcomb, Secretary, 
Station A, Worcester, Mass. 

Rev. Gilbert H. Bacheler has left 
his parish in New Lebanon, N.Y., to 
accept a call to Columbus, Mich. 

Edward W. Capen, Ph.D., 146 Sar- 
gent Street, Hartford, Conn., is organ- 
izing secretary of the Hartford School 
of Missions, an interdenominational 
graduate school for special missionary 
preparation and an outgrowth of the 
World Missionary Conference at Edin- 
burgh, June, 1910. The school is 
affiliated with the Hartford Theolog- 
ical Seminary, but has its own Board 
of Instruction, representing eight de- 
nominations. 

Percival Schmuck is manager of 
the Cabinet File Department of the 
Derby Desk Company, 165 Broad- 
way, New York City. 

Warren W. Tucker is with Turner, 
Tucker & Co., brokers and bankers, 24 
Milk Street, Boston, Mass. His home 
address is Waverley, Mass. 

1895 

Calvin Coolidge, Esq., the present 
mayor of Northampton, was elected to 
the State Senate at the November elec- 
tions. He defeated his opponent in 



THE CLASSES 



185 



the Berkshire-Hampden Distriet by 
1,390 votes. 

Professor George Walter Fiske of 
Oberlin College has published a book 
entitled "Boy Life and Self-govern- 
ment," based on a series of lectures 
delivered before a New York Y. M. C. A. 
Institute in 1909. It is described as 
"studies in the principles of pro- 
gressive self-government for boys." 

Charles B. Law, Esq., was elected 
sheriff of Kings County, New York, 
in November by a plurality of 20,000 
over his Democratic opponent. 

Rev. Jay T. Stocking is the author 
of a volume of stories for children 
entitled "The City that never was 
Reached." The book is reviewed on 
p. 167 above. 

1896 

Thomas B. Hitchcock, Secretary, 
P. O. Box 1057, New York City. 

The first '96 class dinner of the 
winter, held at the Brevoort, New 
York, on November 17, was attended 
by twelve men, all from New York 
and vicinity, except C. G. Brainard of 
Waterville, N.Y. The others present 
were Brooks, Cauthers, Fales, Gates, 
Hitchcock, W. E. Kimball, Lumbard, 
Mighill, Sharp, Stiger, and Walker. 

Rev. Frelon E. Bolster has become 
associated with Dr. Nehemiah Boyn- 
ton, '79, pastor of the Clinton Avenue 
Congregational Church, Brooklyn. His 
address is 251 W'ashington Avenue, 
Brooklyn, N.Y. 

William L. Corbin, associate pro- 
fessor of English in Wells College, has 
contributed an article on Cotton 
Mather to the Encyclopaedia Britannica. 

Rev. Herbert A. Jump, who has had 
the pastorate of the South Church, 
New Britain, Conn., for several years, 
has recently become pastor of the 



First Congregational Church, Oakland, 
Cal., one of the most influential 
churches on the Pacific coast. 

Rev. George Ernest Merriam was 
installed as pastor of the Puritan 
Church, Marcy and Lafayette Ave- 
nues, Brooklyn, on November 2. 
Among the clergymen who partici- 
pated in the service were Nehemiah 
Boynton, '79, A. J. Lyman, h. '91, 
Lewis T. Reed, '93, Edwin F. Sander- 
son, '96, and Frelon G. Bolster, '96. 
Merriam resides at 566 Greene Avenue, 
Brooklyn. 

1897 

Kendall Emerson, Secretary, 
37 Pearl Street, Worcester, Mass. 

Walter S. Ball has been made Sun- 
day editor of the Providence Journal. 

The annual '97 dinner was held in 
New York on the 13th of January. 
Richard Billings was chairman of the 
Dinner Committee, and a large num- 
ber of men were on hand to plan for 
the quindecennial reunion. 

Edmund M. Blake has given up his 
engineering work in Boise, Ida., to 
accept the position of assistant en- 
gineer under the Massachusetts State 
Board of Health. He will live in 
Boston, and is at present engaged in 
construction work on the Neponset 
River. 

George Bradley has become vice- 
president and treasurer of the Alfred 
E. Norton Steel Company of New York. 

James E. Clauson is engaged in lit- 
erary work in New York. 

Charles W. Cobb has returned to 
Amherst as assistant professor of 
mathematics. 

James E. Downey is head-master of 
the Boston High School of Commerce. 

Edward T. Esty, Esq., has been ap- 
pointed by Governor Foss assistant 



186 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



district attorney for Worcester County, 
Massachusetts. 

Robert S. Fletcher has succeeded 
his father as librarian of the College 
Library. 

Rev. Arthur P. Hunt is professor 
of ethics at the General Theological 
Seminary, New York. 

Thomas J. McEvoy is editor of a 
pedagogical magazine entitled The 
McEvoy Magazine. 

George R. Mansfield is assistant 
professor of geology at Northwestern 
University, Evanston, 111., and is also 
on the United States Geological Survey. 

Rev. A. P. Manwell is located in 
Syracuse, N.Y., where he has taken 
the pastorate of the Geddes Congre- 
gational Church. 

John R. Maxwell is living at Villa 
Nova, Pa., and is engaged in the cement 
business in Philadelphia. 

Isaac Patch has been elected mayor 
of Gloucester for a second term. 

Rev. George A. Swertfager is in 
Chicago, engaged in social service work. 



1899 

E. W. Hitchcock, Secretary, 
17 Battery Place, New York City. 

Edwin M. Brooks is now practising 
law at Boston, with an office in the 
Tremont Building. 

Harry A. Bullock is now with the 
Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company, as 
secretary to the president. 

The marriage of Dr. James C. 
Graves, Jr., of Spokane, Wash., and 
Miss Eleanor R. Goldthwait of Marble- 
head took place at Marblehead on 
October 31, 1911. 

Burges Johnson is publishing through 
Harper & Brothers a new book entitled 
"Bashful Ballads," which is dedicated 
to the president of Amherst College. 



1900 

Fred H. Klaer, Secretary, 
334 So. 16th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Walter A. Dyer is the author of "The 
Richer Life," published by Doubleday, 
Page & Co. The book is reviewed on 
p. 161 above. 

Harold I. Pratt . has again offered 
prizes for the interclass swimming meet 
and also for the triangular swimming 
meet between Brown, Williams, and 
Amherst. For each event there are 
three prizes, in gold, silver, and bronze. 

1901 

John L. Vanderbilt, Secretary, 
128 Broadway, New York City. 

Leonard W. Bates has announced 
his engagement to Miss Zillah Genung 
of 85 Lefferts Place, Brooklyn, N.Y. 
The wedding is planned for next June. 

Maitland L. Bishop has recently 
accepted a position with the William 
R. Staats Co., investment bankers and 
brokers, 65 So. Raymond Avenue, Pasa- 
dena, Cal. 

As New York State representative 
for the text-book department of 
Longmans, Green & Co., 449 Fourth 
Avenue, New York City, W. W. Everett 
has moved to Rochester, N.Y. 

Nathaniel L. Goodrich, New 
York State Library School, '04, has 
been appointed librarian of Dart- 
mouth College to succeed Professor 
M. D. Bisbee, resigned. 

Professor H. P. Houghton, of Am- 
herst, is arranging a European trip 
for next summer. He will conduct 
a party of Amherst undergraduates, 
through Italy, Switzerland, Germany, 
Holland, France, and England. They 
sail on the steamship "Princess Irene," 
the Saturday after Commencement. 

Harwood A. Sheppard recently 



THE CLASSES 



187 



married Miss Marjorie Estes of Los 
Angeles, Cal. He has purchased the 
Hotel Heinzman in Los Angeles. 

Guy F. Swinnerton is now living in 
Troy, N.Y. 

1902 

Eldon B. Keith, Secretary, 
Campello, Mass. 

Frank L. Briggs is studying at the 
Hartford Theological Seminary. 

Walter T. Bryant is with the Peer- 
less Motor Car Co. of Boston. 

George C. Clancy is now assistant 
professor of English at Beloit College, 
Beloit, Wis. 

Philip R. Cook has opened law offices 
at 11 Broadway, New York. 

Carlton P. Fairbanks has taken up 
fruit raising in Williamson, Wayne 
County, N.Y. 

Grant Ford is an electrical engineer 
with C. W. Humphrey of Chicago, 111. 

Howard B. Gibbs is head-master of 
the Powder Point School, Duxbury, 
Mass. 

Rev. Horace F. Holton assumed his 
duties as pastor of the First Congre- 
gational Church of St. Louis, Delmar 
Boulevard, near Grand Avenue, on 
Sunday, January 7, 1912. The fol- 
lowing special committee of Amherst 
men and members of the church wel- 
comed him: Sidney T. Bixby, '05; 
William H. Little, Jr., '07; Merrell 
Walbridge, '07; R. Malcolm Whitelaw, 
'07; Ralph T. Whitelaw, '02; Eugene 
S. Wilson, '02. 

Rev. Jason N. Pierce is now pastor 
of the Second Congregational Church 
of Oberlin, Ohio. 

Matthew van Siclen is now gen- 
eral superintendent of the Minas 
Pedrazzini Gold and Silver Mining 
Company of Arizpe, Sonora, Mex. 



Meredith N. Stiles has been with the 
Associated Press of New York since 
September, 1911. 

Harry B. Taplin was married to 
Miss Helen Gardner Hood of Wellesley 
Hills, Mass., on June 1, 1911. 

1903 

Clifford P. Warren, Secretary, 
Boston, Mass. 

Clyde T. Griswold is now assistant 
professor of mining engineering in 
the school of applied science of the 
Carnegie Technical Schools, Pittsburg. 

Foster W. Stearns has resigned as 
rector of Christ Church, Sheffield, 
Mass., and is spending the winter 
abroad. 

1904 
Karl O. Thompson, Secretary, 

19 Kalamazoo Avenue, Grand Rapids, 
Mich. 

Robert H. Baker, formerly assistant 
to Professor Todd in Amherst College 
Observatory till 1906, and to Dr. 
Schlesinger in the Allegheny Observa- 
tory till 1910, later assistant professor 
in Brown University, 1910-11, and 
now director of the Laws Observatory, 
University of Missouri, has been 
elected an honorary member of the 
Astronomical Society of Mexico. 

Edward J. Eaton, of the department 
of public speaking of the Ann Arbor, 
Mich., high school, is secretary of the 
State Oratorical Association of Michi- 
gan. 

1906 

Robert C. Powell, Secretary, 
20 Vesey Street, New York City. 

The class of 1906 is working up en- 
thusiasm for its approaching reunion 
by publishing, in quarterly numbers. 



188 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



a periodical called The Dope Sheet. 
The "dope" it administers is not at all 
soporific, though sometimes a little 
astonishing. 

George Harris, Jr., is singing with 
the New York Symphony at the 
Century Theatre. He gave a song 
recital at the Harris Theatre, New 
York, on December 4. 

Charles W. Hooker. Ph.D., is at 
the Agricultural Experiment Station, 
Mayaguez, Porto Rico. 

1907 

Charles P. Slocum, Secretary, 
206 Summer Street, Newton Centre, 

Mass. 

Edward C. Boynton is now at 
Andover Theological Seminary, Cam- 
bridge. 

1908 

Harry W. Zinsmaster, Secretary, 
Des Moines, la. 

Donald B. Abbott and Miss Dorothy 
C. Smith were married at Berkley, 
Md., August 24, 1911. They will 
live at Oyster Bay, N.Y. 

J. Stanley Birge is taking an agri- 
cultural course at the University of 
Wisconsin. 

The engagement of Frank A. Burt 
and Miss Lelia Root Shaw of Boston 
has been announced. 

George C. Elsey has been appointed 
2d lieutenant. United States Army, 
and is stationed at Fort Leavenworth, 
Kan. In the September examinations 
four hundred college graduates were 
candidates and forty-five were ac- 
cepted, of whom Elsey was ranked 
fifth. 

William Haller is now an assistant 
in the English department of Co- 
lumbia University. 



Ned Powley, who was with the 
American Telegraph and Telephone 
Company in Boston, has been trans- 
ferred to the San Francisco office of 
the Pacific Telephone and Telegraph 
Company. Residence, Hotel Nor- 
mandie. 

Horatio E. Smith and Miss Ernest- 
ine Failing were married at Portland, 
Ore., July 3, 1911. 

Stanley L. Wolff and Miss Helen 
Henderson were married at New York 
City on December 28. They will 
spend the winter abroad. 

Harry W. Zinsmaster has left the 
advertising business, in which he was 
engaged in New York, and has gone 
into business in Des Moines, la., as 
sales manager of the Des Moines 
Bakery Co. 

1909 

Edward H. Sudbury, Secretary, 
Mt. Vernon, N.Y. 

The second issue of The Whiffen- 
poof, the official organ of the class of 
1909, has just come off the press. 

Changes in address and corrections 
since the last issue of the Quarterly 
are as follows: — 

James G. Bakrow, 1413 Fourth 
Avenue, Louisville, Ky. 

Roscoe W. Brink is on the editorial 
staff of The World To-day, 111 East 
Ontario Street, Chicago, 111. 

Raymond N. Brown is teaching in 
the Virginia High School, Virginia, 
Minn. 

Edwards L. Cleaveland is with the 
New York Telephone Company at 
Buffalo. His engagement to Miss Lida 
Wells of Buffalo was announced 
recently. 

Lester W. Dann is with The Con- 
tinental Coal Co., 523 Chandler 
Building, Atlanta, Ga. 



THE CLASSES 



189 



A daughter has been born to Mr. 
and Mrs. Josiah Stuart Davis, Cedar 
Kapids, la. 

Edward L. Dyer, 2d lieutenant U.S. 
Coast Artillery Corps, has been trans- 
ferred from Fortress Monroe to Boston. 

Alfred S. Frank is with the law firm 
of Gottshall & Turner, Dayton, Ohio. 

Hubert B. Goodrich is taking post- 
graduate work in zoology at Columbia 
University. 

Gordon R. Hall is in the leather 
belting business in Chicago. 

Robert H. Hamilton, Jr., is on The 
Dramatic Mirror, New York. 

Dunbar W. Lewis is with the Graton 
& Knight Co., Hartford, Conn. 

Richard M. Neustadt, who for the 
past two years has been at The South 
End House, Boston, is now at The 
University Settlement House, New 
York. 

William J. Parmelee, 71 West 124th 
Street, N.Y. 

Albert F. Pierce, Jr., The Pierce 
Tourist Co., 236 West 76th Street, New- 
York City. 

Henry Stockbridge, 3d, has re- 
signed his position in the bond de- 
partment of Alexander Brown & Sons 
of Baltimore, Md., to become the 
Maryland representative for E. H. 
Rollins & Sons of Boston. 

Clinton W. Tylee, manager Federal 
Metallic Packing Co., 164 Canal Street, 
Boston. Residence, 101 June Street, 
Worcester, Mass. 



Patty L. Hobson, Belona, Va., April 9, 
1911. 

Francis L. Race and Miss Frances 
Mulford, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., Feb- 
ruary 8, 1910. Residence at Ken- 
dallville, Ind. 

Herbert O. Smith and Miss Florence 
M. Koegel at Holyoke, Mass., Sept. 5, 
1911. 

Clinton W. Tylee and Miss Edith G. 
Clark, Scranton, Pa., June, 1911. 

Barrett H. Witherbee and Miss Edna 
L. Schell, New York, April 29, 1911. 



1910 

C. Francis, Secretary, 
26 Broadway, New York City. 

The class secretary has issued an 
elaborate blank to be completed by 
members for the purpose of preparing 
a complete statistical record of the 
class. Half of the class have replied, 
and, when the returns are complete, a 
class paper will be issued. 

George B. Burnett, Jr., was married 
November 18, 1911, to Miss Lavinia 
Blanche Phillips of Longport, N.J. 
They will reside in Amherst, where 
Mr. Burnett is building a new house. 

George F. W'hicher, in collaboration 
with his father, George M. Whicher, has 
published with the Princeton Univer- 
sity Press a little book entitled "On the 
Tibur Road: A Freshman's Horace." 
Some of the poems were published in 
the Amherst Literary Monthly. 



Asahel Bush, Jr., and Miss Margaret 
Lynn Boot, Salem, Ore., October 18, 
1911. 

Sheldon D. Dunlap and Miss Mary 
Chase, Wollaston, Mass., October 18, 
1911. Residence, Batavia, N.Y. 

Robert D. Eaglesfield and Miss 



1911 

Dexter Wheelock, Secretary, 
75a Willow Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Thomas T. Andrews is in the dry- 
goods business in New Bethlehem, Pa. 
On October 31, 1911, Franklin 



190 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



Russell Chesley was married to Miss 
Anne Shepley Towell at Saco, Me. 

Merton P. Corwin of Cortland, N.Y., 
was married to Miss Elizabeth Randell 
of McGraw, N.Y., on Saturday, Oc- 
tober 14. Corwin is at present the 
principal of the high school at Van 
Etten, N.Y. 

Edmund K. Crittenden is travelling 
in Europe. 

William P. S. Doolittle is with the 
Frisbie Knitting Co. of Utica, N.Y. 

The engagement of Brice S. Evans 
to Miss Eraser of Ottawa has been 
announced. Evans is sales manager 
of The Air Shock Absorber Co. 

Howard Haviland is on the stage, 
doing impersonations. He has been 
travelling on the Keith & Proctor 
circuit. 

David A. Hughes is studying law at 
the University of Virginia. 

John H. Keyes is at the Yale Forest 
School, New Haven. 

John L. McCague, Jr., is secretary 
and treasurer of the Wilson Steam 
Boiler Co. of Omaha, Neb. The 



company's address is Nineteenth and 
Pierce Streets, Omaha. 

William F. McKenna is studying 
medicine at the Long Island College 
in Brooklyn. 

Campbell Marvin is studying at 
Chicago University. 

Eugene R. Pennock has been elected 
president of the first-year class of the 
University of Pennsylvania Law School. 

James W^. Post is in the banking 
business in York, Neb. 

Royal E. Pushee is engaged in the 
brush manufacturing business. 

Lawrence W. Roberts is selling 
automobiles for the Parkard Co. in 
L^tica. 

Paul Scantlebury's address is East 
421 Eighteenth Avenue, Spokane, 
Wash. 

Arthur Crawford Stone is with the 
Brewer Drug Company of Worcester, 
Mass. His address is 13 Westland 
Street. 

Leonard Wilson is with the Edison 
Electric Light Co. in Los Angeles, 
Cal. 



VARIOUS OTHER THINGS 191 



VARIOUS OTHER THINGS 

The Perennial Student Nature. — Even the austere issues of religious 
reformation cannot succeed in making students into prigs, or destroy their im- 
pulse to loosen the harness a little on occasion. In Dr. Preserved Smith's "Life 
and Letters of Martin Luther" (reviewed in last number) is given a letter of 
Luther's in which he thus speaks of a threatened epidemic of the plague in Wit- 
tenberg, where he was training students for the reformed ministry: "There has 
been neither death nor new case since Tuesday, but as the dog-days are near 
the boys are frightened, so I have given them a vacation to quiet them until we 
see what is going to happen. I observe that the said youths rather like the 
outcry about the plague. Some of them get ulcers from their school satchels, 
others colic from the books, others scurvy from the pens, and others gout from 
the paper. The ink of the rest has dried up, or else they have devoured long 
letters from their mothers, and so got homesickness and nostalgia; indeed, there 
are more ailments of this kind than I can well recount. If parents and guard- 
ians don't speedily cure these maladies, it is to be feared that an epidemic of 
them will wipe out all our future preachers and teachers, so that nothing wnll be 
left but swine and dogs." 

How they meet the Test. — A certain alumnus of this college, living in 
one of our largest cities, was for several years a member of a large male-voice 
chorus. It was made up of young men in various callings, — clerks, bankers, 
writers, artists, — and among them was a good proportion of college graduates. 
One day the leader of the chorus, a very efficient German music-master, said to 
our Amherst man: "I notice a curious thing in our chorus. It seems to come 
out that way every time. The men who haven't been to college do better at 
rehearsal, but are apt to go to pieces at the concert; but the college men, when 
the concert comes, are all there, and do their best work." Cannot an Amherst 
graduate tell why.!* 

Our Graham Rolls, — and gems and popovers and the numerous Graham 
devices that support many a weak stomach and are associated with the origin 
of our modem ideas of simple dietetics, — who was this Graham.-" For we cannot 
make out from our etymological dictionaries that "Graham" was an Indian or 
Anglo-Saxon word for wheat bran. It sounds hke a personal name, and it is. 
Nor is the fact without interest that this person Graham was an Amherst gradu- 
ate of the class of 1825, which must have been the first four-year class to be 
graduated at Amherst. In the Washington Sunday Star for October 9, 1910, 
there is an article on Grahamism which tells all about the Rev. Sylvester Graham, 
whose name is so universally known at our breakfast tables. It appears that he 
was a dyspeptic almost from childhood, and, after having failed in many pursuits 
on account of ill-health, he set himself as a minister and scholar to fight against 



192 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

the whole idea of crippled and shortened human life by strict temperance, vege- 
tarian diet, and several other means, of which the use of whole-wheat flour was 
one. He drew his arguments partly from physiology and partly from his belief 
that it was quite feasible to perpetuate the long term of life attributed to the 
patriarchs of Bible days. He wrote much, and agitated his views continually. 
The above-mentioned article says: "His principal work — 'The Science of Human 
Life' — an attempt to explain the human mechanism and how to control it, is 
well worth reading to-day. Though other articles of diet may have equal value, 
and in some cases prove superior, his argument for whole wheat flour has never 
been overthrown." It is of interest to us to note how soon our Amherst gradu- 
ates began to apply their faith and learning to the practical betterment of human 
life, beginning right at home, where their own need was greatest. 



An Echo from an Amherst Lecture-room. — A college teacher's reward 
coming back to him "after many days," like the bread cast upon the waters, is 
mostly of a personal nature, paid in the love he has roused in the student or in 
the enlarged appreciation of his subject on the part both of those who wish they 
had not so undervalued it as undergraduates and those who have been inspired 
to become better scholars than their teachers. Sometimes bits of it come back 
to him as an echo, a reverberation, showing how his counsels have been translated 
into life. The following paragraphs, from Mr. Dyer's book, "The Richer Life" 
(reviewed on another page), illustrates this latter phase, and many alumni, we 
believe, will make the same echo of old Amherst their own. 

"I shall never forget," he writes, "a picture once drawn for a class of students 
by a keen-minded professor of biology. He was trying to explain certain processes 
of evolution to a group of sophomores whose thoughts were mostly out on the 
ball field. He showed how one creature, back in the early ages, was thrown up 
on land, and was forced either to grow legs or perish. And when the legs weren't 
sufficient for all of his descendants, some of them grew claws and teeth as well. 
Another creature developed the ability to fly from pursuit, and another preferred 
quiet, stalking habits and a venomous fang. So, different types were developed 
as different needs arose, until one creature was at last forced to stand upright 
and gain greater brain activity and skill with the hands in order to exist amid 
stronger and swifter adversaries. 

"But away back near the beginning there was a creature that soon found a 
safe and easy haven. He grew a hard shell that was proof against all his enemies; 
he increased the functions of mouth and stomach to absorb food from the water 
about him; he had no need to run from pursuers, nor to go forth in search of 
food; he toiled not, neither did he fight. He has lived thus for countless ages, 
in the soft, luxurious mud, safe, well nourished, contented. He long ago reached 
a state of perfect economic balance. What could be more desirable.' Have we 
not many of us longed for a state like this.' 

"'But,' cried the professor, leaning far over his desk, and shaking a long, 
warning finger at us, ' who wants to be an oyster.' ' 

"And the oyster, I think you will agree" (this is the writer's comment on his 
reminiscence), "is primarily a creature without a Vision." 



VARIOUS OTHER THINGS 193 

What's in a Greek Word? — In the quotation from the late Professor March 
which occurs in Mr. Stearns's article on "Two Amherst Philologists," the use 
of the somewhat rare word "idiotlsms" recalls an anecdote somewhere related of 
two old-time Amherst scholars. Dr. Elias Riggs, of the Class of 1829, whose 
labors as a missionary in the East were characterized by wonderful achievements 
as a linguist and translator, learned his languages from books, and showed the 
effects of this fact in his conversation. Dr. George Washburn, of the Class of 
1855, who will be remembered as the president of Robert College, learned his 
language largely by intercourse with the natives, and was much more ready and 
fluent in vernacular speech. The story goes that an educated native was once 
describing to Dr. Washburn the difference between their respective styles of 
speaking. "Dr. Riggs," he remarked, "spoke the Arabic grammatically, but you 
speak it idiotically." 

He evidently knew his Greek better than his English, but his meaning was 
right. 

You Supply the Numeral. — We cannot leave off without a word of 
sincere thanks to the many graduates who have sent kind messages of greeting 
and appreciation for the opening number of the Quarterly. They speak of 
the need and value of such a publication, if it can be maintained. We hope 
also they are thinking what they can personally do, aside from subscribing for 
it, to promote this truly co-operative venture. To set forth our object a little 
more clearly, the Editor is permitted to append here a letter written in response 
to a request from one of our recent graduate classes, and printed in their 
reimion paper; written, as the date will show, before the first number was 
issued. In reading it, you are requested to supply your own class numeral. 

September 29, 1911. 
Dear Fellow-alumni of ' — : 

You ask me to tell you about our projected Amherst Graduates' Quarterly. 
To respond with the old proverb, "The proof of the pudding is in the eating," would 
perhaps best suit my inclination, but I fear would be a little ungracious, and so un- 
worthy of your kind request. I mustn't speak of what we are going to do, because 
in the first place we ourselves do not fully know, and, secondly, it would open the 
ugly risk of a sad gap between promise and performance. I can only tell you what 
we desire to see established at Amherst, and what with the cordial co-operation 
of you and the other classes (and only so) seems feasible. 

Briefly, our wish and aim are to publish at Amherst a periodical that will be 
broadly representative of Amherst College, of its graduate as well as of its under- 
graduate body, of its power in the world and in education as well as of its achieve- 
ments in lessons and play. To this end we must piu-vey for a large and verj' noble 
body, — the body of graduates who in a long series of years have gone out from us 
with the inspiration and ideals of Amherst upon them. There are alumni and 
alumni, — "all honorable men," but men who have attained to various stages of 
experience. To some, our husky young brothers whose graduation is recent, 
the undergraduate activities and interests still bulk large, and they want to read 



194 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

what we are doing to keep up class enthusiasm or to "lick Williams." To others, 
farther along in their grip with the world, the administrative affairs are of interest; 
and they want to read what the Trustees and Faculty are doing to keep Amherst 
in its front rank as a college. To others, who have sons and young friends getting 
ready for college, the educational ideals and inspirations are prominent: they 
want to think of the College as culturally a better place than they knew as under- 
graduates. The editors are thinking also of still another class, which they believe 
to be large and sympathetic, — the class of those who are projecting the subjects of 
which they learned something in college onward to creative achievements or to 
practical applications to the world's life. These latter can help us by their thoughts 
and contributions: they constitute a kind of "university extension" to make 
Amherst a power throughout the world; and their brother alumni will be glad to 
hear from them. All these we must have in mind, and seek a periodical which shall 
be in touch with them all. You can see, then, dear fellow-alumni of ' — , how truly 
our Quarterly, to be a success, must be a co-operative enterprise. 

Yours very truly. 

The Editors. 



IqS' 




TALCOTT WILLIAMS, LL.D. 

DlRKCTOR OK THE PuLITZER ScHOOL OK JOURNALISM 

From Painting by Robert Vonnoh 



iqi 



THE AMHERST 

GRADUATES' QUARTERLY 



Vol. I — APRIL, 1912— No. 3 



THE COLLEGE WINDOW.— EDITORIAL NOTES 

IN one of the fraternity houses of Amherst there is a beautiful 
memorial window, so placed as to greet the incomer with a 
glory of color and symbol, or, if the door chances to stand 
open, to send forth from its alcove under the stairway a cheery 
appeal to the imagination of the passer-by. It commemorates 

,,T /-k u J a well-beloved Amherst teacher, Professor 

We are Overheard __ ... _ , . ^ ' 

Henry Allyn J^rmk. Or, rather, purports 

to do so; but we know how narrow is the horizon of personal 
college memories, — a little four-year circle for each of us, beyond 
which — before and since — all is nebulous. Its memory values 
are "not here, but risen"; distributed among the diminishing 
group of fellow-teachers who worked with him and the scattered 
graduates whose college years fell in the period from 1885 to 
1898. The artist's design remains here, however, a perpetual 
object-lesson. It represents an elderly man and a youth sitting 
side by side on a seat of classic design. Costumes and back- 
ground also are classic. The man has an open scroll spread out 
upon his knees from which he is expounding: the youth is look- 
ing reverently, eagerly, into his wise and benignant face. Such 
is the pictured symbol by which for later generations the artist 
has chosen to perpetuate the fragrance of a personal influence 
and memory. 

The meaning of the artist's design seems to lie so near the sur- 
face that we need not, like our contemporary. Life, institute a 
prize contest to guess it. Our first thought is that the artist has 



198 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

depicted his idea of professor and student, or — since names 
ought to match the scene — of sage and disciple. We find here, 
in effect, President Garfield's famous definition of the prime 
essentials of a college, translated, as it were, into ancient Greek. 
A log sufficed him for furniture, provided Mark Hopkins were at 
the other end of it. Here, however, the idea, forced up the stream 
of culture, requires a seat of classic design and a background 
suggestive of ancient learning. At this point the picture, losing 
its realism, becomes allegory, or — true to its stained-glass color- 
ing — transmits the light that never was on sea or land. To the 
modern college man the classic feeling survives, if at all, in cu- 
riously altered shape. The primitive log — which in fact was too 
primitive to exist — was succeeded by bleachers and benches for 
shouting spectators; and when in a recent time the seats of classic 
design indeed appeared, it was as furnishings of an imposing sta- 
dium. And among the crowds there assembled there was no one 
whose absence was more conspicuous than the sage. The very 
name has become odd and antiquated, — except in a gastronomical 
connection. 

This is not said in pessimistic vein, as if to insinuate that the 
prime essentials of college were obsolete. They may still be with 
us somewhere, but needing to be translated back again from the 
artist's fancies into the vernacular. If the sage is lacking to the 
modern scholar's life, even more so is the disposition to pose as a 
sage. Both the exactions of wisdom and the spirit of the age 
forbid such assumption. With the sage we associate a kind of 
omniscience, and modern omniscience is far too great a thmg 
for one small head. But there is something better. It is elo- 
quent in the picture we are considering. We note that the two, 
scholar and youth, are sitting side by side, as it were on boon and 
equal terms; we note also that in the youth's eyes, instead of the 
hardness of one to whom learning is an austerity or a weariness, 
there glows the rapture of inspiration and discovery. There is 
a relation more than academic between the two, some vital re- 
sponse evoked not only by the intellect, but by the spirit. Where 
can such a community of enthusiasm be reaLf* The place answers 
the question. Reflect that this window is not in a public place, 
but in a student home, where the reigning sentiment is brother- 



EDITORIAL NOTES 199 

hood; where this f rater in facilitate used to enter not as an 
exacting professor, but as an elder brother. The sage is indeed 
imparting of his wisdom, but his warrant is intrinsic, not official. 
In other words, what we find here depicted is not the erudite 
dignitary, but the graduate, who, having traversed the onward 
path of learning and experience, returns to make it luminous and 
viable for the feet just starting thereon. 

That accounts for the rapt look on the face of the young man ; 
the solar look, Joseph Cook, of oratorical memory, used to call it. 
We see it seldom nowadays, and especially in connection with 
high ideas. A professor would give miuch if he could evoke it in 
the class-room. But he works there under a handicap. The 
college formalism, the marks and impending tests, the educa- 
tional mechanics, interpose a barrier which impedes the free play 
of personality. Professors are doomed, however they may deplore 
it, to subsist in a sphere of their own, to which the student has 
but partial access. Not so the graduate, the parent, the older 
brother. He represents, according to his calling or profession, 
the same values of life in the more vital and genial power. He is 
a living example of how the impulse received in his college career 
works out into wisdom and experience. x\nd he is not clogged 
with the formalisms of education. He need not even labor to be 
heard: he is eagerly overheard. 

A SPACIOUS truth this, entailing on the graduate a great 
privilege and responsibility, which we leave our readers to think 
over for themselves. It has its application to the modest enter- 
prise in which w^e are here engaged. After all, our Amherst 
Graduates' Quarterly exists for the students. They are the ob- 
jective. By a direct reflex we come round to them, and, when we 
think of measures for the welfare of the College and the enlarge- 
ment of education, they overhear us and set their keen young 
minds at work on our findings. We come round to them through 
the alumni, who have been students here, and who in their spe- 
cialized callings are still students. Their sons and younger 
brothers are here in their turn, moulding new college careers in 
large degree after the pattern shown them at home, and earnest 
along with their elders to push educational values onward to 



200 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

nobler things. It is indeed a high distinction to be a college 
graduate, moving congenially in the atmosphere and climate which 
liberal studies have opened up; and not least among its elements 
is the privilege, the welcome certainty, of being overheard. Our 
graduates are our educators. 



M' 



"OST of us are quick to disclaim a sense for poetic values; 
and as for the imagination, from which poetry is sup- 
posed to flow, we are apt to regard it as something to 
be curbed and distrusted. It is the concrete, the factual and 

^, ^ , . , actual, for which we have perceptions and 

The Educational ... , ^^i . y ,.\ 

Piilsp-hpaf aptitudes. Ihat way, we say, lies the scien- 

tific and workable in life. And yet it is 
a plain matter of fact that the poetry of a few years ago is 
becoming naturalized in our daily speech and thought. We use 
its imagery and conceptions, and identify them with felt realities, 
without realizing how purely stuff of the imagination they are. 
Take, for instance, the highly poetic idea of waves, vibrations, 
reverberations cosmic or spiritual, things that only imagination 
can weigh and measure. It has become so familiar that we jest 
and play with it. We smile at the politician who has his ear to 
the ground or feels the pulse of his constituency or sounds the 
depth of a sentiment or conviction; we watch him amusedly as he 
works out his figure of speech into a usable result. And all the 
while we are doing the same things ourselves, — when we do not 
suffer the newspapers to do them for us, — continually slipping the 
tether of prosy and parish affairs and speculating on the inner 
movements of the age, from China to Peru, from the events at 
our doors to the utmost reach of vastness. When a few years ago 
the Victorian laureate in a supreme mystic experience was 

" whirl'd 
About empyreal heights of thought, 
And came on that which is, and caught 
The deep pulsations of the world," 

he was so uncertain whether he had apprehended that which is 
or that which only seems to be that he could recall it only as a 
trance which was speedily "cancell'd, stricken thro' with doubt." 



EDITORIAL NOTES 201 

We do not let our thought soar so audaciously; and yet on our 
smaller scale we are inveterately striving after the same thing, 
trying in countless lines, political, moral, social, religious, to catch 
the deep pulsations of the world and the life of things as they are. 
There is no mistake about it: the tremendous poetic idea is finding 
lodgment in the age, that the world is alive, that it is vital with 
one unitary, life, and that throughout the pulsing mass there is an 
intimate correlation of vital forces. 

Among these age movements the cause of education has of 
late years manifested a pulsation so strong and peremptory as to 
seem at first thought like remonstrance and revolt; a great wrong 
seemed to be festering somewhere in the system, which must needs 
be righted. The disturbance was only to a minor degree local or 
institutional: oiily to a minor degree therefore could it be allayed 
by administrative devices or austere and repressive measures. 
No more could the cause brook neglect after certain functional or 
mechanical repairs were made, as if after oiling and cleaning the 
mill could go <?omplacently on in the old way. The disease and the 
remedy lay deeper. The pains are in fact growing pains; and 
the world of schools is coming to realize that the heart of the cause 
of learning is beating on to a great constructive issue, to a nobler 
spirit and purpose, to a more intimate union with the elemental 
values of life. Education was becoming sterile : it needs not only 
revitalization of the old and too often flouted values, but the access 
of a richer and fuller life for the uses of the nobler era which, as 
many signs show, is coming. 

In this wholesome upheaval the educational pulsation is not 
alone: it is moving to take its place, worthy and potent work- 
fellow, in a vast and varied correlation of spiritual forces. I need 
not try to enumerate these: it would be too bewildering. "What 
a stirring of the dim surges of life everywhere, as in Ezekiel's 
valley of dry bones! In the field of social welfare and better- 
ment, wherein man is slowly discovering that he has a brother, 
and that he cannot realize himself without being a brother; in the 
field of multitudinous industry, wherein the employer is bidden be 
worthy of his high responsibility and the laborer worthy of his 
hire; in the field of literature, patiently working to purge away 



202 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

the foulnesses and uglinesses of thought and discover life as it 
was meant to be; in the field of religion, yearning to be hospitable 
and helpful to a whole world and to welcome the heart of good in 
every creed. There are disquieting reactions and demolishings : 
there must needs be, when systems become foul with cant and 
bigotry, or when men have read the past in an unreal light. 
But there are compensations, too; and if men, in stern loyalty 
to truth, have let go, it is only to take a new and nobler hold. 
And, on the whole, all these forces seem to reveal a common suf- 
fusion and tendency, though too often working dimly and chaoti- 
cally, still in the ferment of liberation. They need direction, 
they need clarity, they need tempering, they need the unitj^ of 
co-ordination. Here is where education's opportunity comes in. 
To work no longer in dead routines and outworn systems, as if con- 
gealed in prescription; nor, on the other hand, in unproved fads 
and innovations, as if at the mercy of every wind of doctrine; but 
in the patient discovery of principles, prophecies, values, — this is 
its task. The familiar old mathematical figure may partly ex- 
press it, — to reduce the world's complexities to simpler and more 
elemental terms, and then to reduce its meanings to a common 
denominator. But, first of all, to be alive, for the pulse-beat of a 
fuller life is in it. 

Every new movement is also a reaction: it implies an evil, 
intrenched or in tendency, against which its pulsation is a protest. 
I think we may name two tendencies in formal education which 
need the leavening correction of homely common sense, and which 
the college, as distinguished from the university, is especially 
adapted to remedy. I am not sure, indeed, but our under- 
graduate courses have a distinctive mission here. One is the 
tendency to make subjects austere and remote, void of natural 
color and relation to life, sterilized by their own methods and 
terminology. "Every intellectual calling," says a recent writer, 
"tends to develop the scribe, and to degenerate under his hand 
into a sort of game which none but the initiated can play. The 
field of Biblical criticism offers perhaps the most notable illus- 
tration of this tendency to-day; but every path of technical 
learning is likely to lead us into a similar desert of professionalism, 
where we shall cease to be the masters of ideas and become mere 



EDITORIAL NOTES 203 

servants of convention." One who has waded through swamps of 
such erudition, ponderous systems "made in Germany," can speak 
feehngly on this point. We know the Germans' noljle devotion to 
thorough and minute research; we know also their fatal pro- 
pensity for finding mare's-nests. We cannot doubt their eru- 
dition; but we have to watch their common sense. And it is 
all so scholarly, so tremendously scholarly. The erudition gets 
positively top-heavy; but, worse than that, its strait-jacket of 
technicalism smothers many a subject which is intrinsically 
momentous for life, — the Biblical subject mentioned above is an 
instance. No wonder the spirit of education rises in remonstrance. 
And that such heavy-footed approach to learning is quite unneces- 
sary is seen in the case of the late William James, who with his 
genial personal touch could make his abstruse subject of philosophy 
as fascinating as a romance. 

Another tendency calculated to cause a throb of anger, or at 
least of disdain, in the educational pulse, is seen in some of the 
subjects on which, leaving matters of weight and moment, men 
will squander the energies of their scholarly souls. We may 
call it the tendency to deem everything fish that comes to the 
educational net. Of many a laboriously wrought conclusion, the 
result perhaps of volumes of investigation, one who has a sense of 
relative values — which we may otherwise call a sense of humor — 
is compelled to say, "Well, what of it.^" What of the fact, 
for instance, — if it is an ascertainable fact, — that two stories in the 
Book of Genesis were written fifty years apart.'^ or that Francis 
Bacon meddled with Shakespeare's plays? One is tempted to ask 
if the art of proportioning knowledge values has been cultivated 
at all. Matthew Arnold, whose life was devoted to education, 
registered his profound doubt. In one of his prefaces he says, 
''Da mihi, Domine, scire quod sciendum est, — 'Grant that the 
knowledge I get may be the knowledge w^hich is worth having!' — 
the spirit of that prayer ought to rule our education. How little 
it does rule it, every discerning man will acknowledge. Life is 
short, and our faculties of attention and of recollection are limited; 
in education we proceed as if our life were endless, and our powers 
of attention and recollection inexhaustible. We have not time or 
strength to deal with half of the matters which are thrown upon 



204 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

our minds, they prove a useless load to us. When some one 
talked to Themistocles of an art of memory, he answered, 'Teach 
me rather to forget!' The sarcasm well criticises the fatal want 
of proportion between what we put into our minds and their real 
needs and powers," Such is one aspect of the matter. Then we 
think of Browning's Grammarian, who "decided not to Live but 
Know," and of the thing he gave up all use of life to learn: — 

"So, with the throttling hands of death at strife, 

Ground he at grammar; 
Still, thro' the rattle, parts of speech were rife; 

While he could stammer 
He settled Hotis business — let it be! — 

Properly based Oun — 
Gave us the doctrine of the enclitic De, 

Dead from the waist down." 

In according honor for such singleness of devotion, one feels, after 
all, that it is much like the devotion of a miser, and betokens a 
soul of similar size. There seems to be a sad waste of energy 
somewhere. "The danger which lurks in 'settling Hoti's busi- 
ness,'" says the writer quoted above, "is that there shall seem to 
be no worthy business but Hoti's in the world." The educational 
spirit of our age is detecting this as one of the dangers to be dis- 
counted and avoided, and, while not despising any minutest rigor 
of research, is demanding that proportions be observed, that large 
and little count for what they are, and that the knowledge we get 
shall be the knowledge that is worth the having. 

IF instead of mastering Greek we were mastered — that is to 
say, schoolmastered — by it, this Greek word Cynosure might 
not minister greatly to our pride; as indeed the prominence 
it connotes is not of our seeking. To be a Cynosure, as perhaps 

T, . . ^ I need not inform an Amherst graduate. 

Being a Cynosure . . , i- , • i 

was m its raw and literal meaning to be 

a dog's tail. But the word did not remain raw and literal long 
enough to make an impression: poetry invaded too soon. That 
was in the old days, before modern prosaists had abolished the 
constellations; and the dog in question was one of those animals 
that stretched their huge bulk in and out among the stars, a sub- 



EDITORIAL NOTES 205 

lime spectacle for the imaginative to see. A very proper dog he 
was, too; so little disposed to wag his tail that the star which 
marked the tip of it was taken as one of the most stable objects 
of nature, so that sailors steered their boats by it. It became 
accordingly quite a notable thing to be a cynosure. And now it 
seems the distinction has fallen to Amherst. ^ In accepting — or 
enduring — the situation, and submitting to the friendly curiosity 
of telescopes and cameras, there is no occasion for her to "look 
pleasant" beyond her wont; though, of course, some sense of her 
responsibility cannot well be evaded. 

A RETURNED fellow-alumuus, now on the teaching force of 
one of our large universities, mentioned three things at Amherst 
which, he said, were to-day drawing the keen interest of other 
institutions, at least of the one with which he is connected. The 
first, as I hardly need specify, is the matter of the '85 memorial 
and its sequel, which elicited a response that must have delighted 
the advertising instinct of our journalistic alumni. Amherst was 
in the lime-light. What was it revealing, and what would she do 
when the world was no longer looking on? Movements like that 
call for much wise, patient, hidden detail work afterward, to get 
the ideal into workable order, and neither methods nor results 
can appear at once. And we feel sure that the measures Amherst 
is adopting will not belie the revelation of the lime-light. The 
second is the worthy object we are aiming to effect through the 
activities of the new Hitchcock Field. It is justly hailed as a 
meritorious ideal to promote the advantages of sports and athletics 
from the strenuous business of a few to the healthful recreation 
of the many, and so to accord to them their legitimate place as 
real elements in a liberal education. The third thing to rouse 
interest is the fraternity situation at Amherst, and especially the 
good degree of comity that exists between the fraternities. It is 
discovered that the fraternities here are not little jealous cliques, 
leagues offensive and defensive, but more like chapters in a greater 
brotherhood; the various groupings of Greek letters all belonging, 
after all, to one alphabet and elements in the spelling of one 
language. At the university of which we are speaking an in- 
terfraternity game was proposed, only to be met by the surly 
response that they didn't "want to associate with that crowd." 



206 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

Perhaps we have not been aware that the opposite spirit to this is 
enough in evidence here in Amherst to have attracted an admiring 
attention from outside. 

Well, if it is in the fates for us to be a cynosure, a "spectacle 
to the world, and to angels and to men," the only thing for it, 
so far as one can see, is to be a good one, so that, if the educa- 
tional mariners try to steer their boats by us, their reckoning may 
not prove misleading. And in one thing, at least, we can take 
courage: our credit for good-will and sound unity of endeavor is 
good. Another thing we may remember, too: being a cynosure 
is an accident of our experience, not the essential ; and what really 
counts for Amherst's glory is the solid, steady ongoing of those 
matter-of-course activities in which we do not function as a dog's 
tail at all. Every sincere graduate has found this out. 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 207 



RELATION OF THE BIBLICAL IDIOM TO THE 
IDIOM OF EVOLUTION 

JOHN FRANKLIN GENUNG 

A DAPTING Chalmers's famous phrase, we may say of the 
/\ evolutionary exposition of life that it exemplifies the ex- 
-^ -*- pulsive power of a new idiom. Beginning with a purely 
biological reference, it speedily overspread the horizon of the 
animal and material and annexed all nature for its province, — 
human nature and its potencies with the rest; so that now, 
indeed, throughout the gamut of being, the rationally poised 
mind is virtually compelled to think in evolutionary terms. This 
usurping idiom is to vital nature what the Copernican is to as- 
tronomy. Our educated imagination has come, as it were, to 
feel the mighty creative tide on which a living universe is em- 
barked, just as since the time of Galileo it has come to feel the 
eastward roll of the earth. Meanwhile, identified as this idiom 
is with the dominant scientific sense for cause and palpable fact, 
it has prevailed to make the Biblical idiom, once just as puissant, 
seem a mould of concepts unreal, unscientific, unverifiable, as 
if its archaic view of being were but an Oriental fantasy, related 
rather to devout reverie than to severe and systemed thinking. 
Its values, whatever they are, have lost their edge for the matter- 
of-fact, literalizing mind, which, owing to the reign of science, 
has so largely taken possession of the age. Many there are, ac- 
cordingly, who deem that the Biblical idiom and the evolutionary 
are mutually exclusive; that between the two a man, as he must 
needs take sides, must elect to be either an honest-minded realist 
or a self-induced mystic. That the two idioms may, however, 
have a comity and co-ordination wherein both reveal equal self- 
evidence, equal scientific value, — that they may and should be 
brought, as it were, under one vocabulary, — is a thought hitherto 
so nearly unbroached that some hardihood, perhaps, is needed 
in hazarding it. Yet such I believe to be the truth. The 
Biblical exposition of life, from creative moment to culmination, 
Copyright, 1912, by John F. Genung. 



208 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

is not merely consistent with evolution: it is evolutionary,, as 
truly so as the most rigid biological science could require. If 
I am right in this, it ought not to be impossible for scientifically 
tempered minds and minds Biblically educated to see eye to eye. 

A word must here be premised by way of discrimination of 
terms. By the evolutionary idiom is not meant merely a projec- 
tion to broader range of the Darwinian theory of species and 
descent. Its essential idea far antedates and transcends Darwin 
and Spencer. It will survive, intact and prosperous, whatever 
fate overtakes the notion of struggle for existence or natural 
selection. The evolutionary idiom, in short, is just the matrix 
of thought and word in which, .in its effort to compass the tremen- 
dous phenomenon of vital being, the quickened and immensely 
enlarged imagination of our age is moulding its fund of concepts 
and discoveries. It is more than a theory. Its tenure is beyond 
the shifts of a hypothesis. It has taken possession of the modern 
mind as a norm of universal thought, a finding of truth to which 
theories that come and go are related as waves to an ocean. 

In trying to describe this idiom, I use the words "phenomenon" 
and "imagination" advisedly. Life, as it impinges on the scien- 
tific sense, is simply a phenomenon to be accounted for, that is 
all. The word names not the thing in itself, but merely the look 
of the thing. It is not in us to stop, however, with the surface 
look, nor is it in the thing itself to put its observer off so. With 
the more intimate view are opened up fascinating vistas of rela- 
tions, connections, causes, adaptations, which no mind at all 
avid of ultimate reality can resist. And the evolutionary way 
of accounting for all this resolves itself in the end into a colossal 
feat of imagination, nothing else, — imagination finely controlled 
indeed, guarded, severe, but as sheer and absolute as is the most 
venturesome poetic dream. Nay, one is tempted to think that 
just this is what has become of the modern stock of poetic energy, 
which to many seems to be running thin and low. It is absorbed 
in the vast cosmic dream of evolution, which furnishes imagi- 
nation scope for regions hitherto unexplored. 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 209 



The evolutionary idiom must needs make certain presuppo- 
sitions which at first intention clash with the Biblical view of 
things. It can hardly state its huge problem otherwise, if it 
will begin where life itself begins, than in terms of organic selec- 
tion, unfolding, growth; nor otherwise can it estimate life than 
as deeming it obedient to forces so intimately resident as to be 
presumably inherent and intrinsic. In other words, its problem 
must be all there, in the field of sense and calculable law, where 
it can be seen. It is here that the clash comes. Holding loyally 
to its conviction that life powers are intrinsic, the evolutionary 
view is justly impatient of anything that has the look of being 
an interference from without, — special creation, the miraculous, 
the supernatural,— whatever on final test transgresses its pre- 
conceived empire of uniform cosmic law. It insists, in its own 
words, that all the elements of the problem be reducible to terms 
of the evolutionary, not of the catastrophic. The Biblical view, 
held by its ancient postulate to the dominance of the supernatural, 
with all its marks of agency from without, is here brought to a 
dismaying stand, whence the feeling of incertitude that has in- 
vaded the minds committed to it. They are reluctant, not to 
say quite unable, to withstand the tide of the age's thought; 
and yet what other can they do and remain loyal to their sacred 
heritage.' Sincerely desirous of giving evolution the free course 
its magnificent conception merits, yet they are left with the uneasy 
feeling that it has foreclosed its case just where the Biblical idiom, 
if it would survive at all, must be confident and unyielding. 

This clash of idioms is. not resolvable by any form of cheap 
negation; such as, for instance, maintaining that the new is an 
upstart and not yet naturalized, or that the old has outlasted its 
day or its crude Hebrew dialect and must go. The new is too 
deeply implicated with the verified law^s of our being to be dis- 
lodged. The old has been too long in the world and has con- 
tributed too vitally to manhood to be brushed aside by a feat of 
modern imagination, however soundly based this may be. Nor, 
if truth is ultimately one, can the two be relegated to uncommuni- 



210 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

eating compartments of the mind, misnamed secular and sacred, 
we, meanwhile, trying to serve two masters. There is no war- 
rant either in science or religion for this. No: there is nothing 
for it but, giving both idioms ungrudging due and emphasis, to 
find the place that each merits in an undivided universe, and thus 
bring them, as it were, under one vocabulary. The two discord 
only as they perversely cramp themselves. Let them both sweep 
freely onward, each in its own sphere, to larger range and horizons, 
and they merge above into a majestic unity. 

That the current scientific view of the problem of being is 
not final — that it needs obverse and supplementation — is self- 
confessed by its besetting agnosticism. It deals, in fact, with 
only one hemisphere of being, and that hemisphere, like the 
moon, keeps its face to the earth. It has virtvially closed the case 
of the supernatural by assuming, too heedlessly, that the super- 
natural and the intrinsic cannot coexist in manhood limits. The 
powers and functions of life, traced with such wizard insight along 
the road that leads from below, are practically denied derivation 
from above because forsooth this looks so like a thing thrust in from 
without, an element alien and not inherent. But this denial, 
self-limited, cuts off both ends of the evolutionary range. It 
confines authentic discovery, so to say, to the middle reach of the 
evolution stream, while the source is lost in mist and the issue 
is blankly ignored. The result is that two insoluble problems, 
as it were impossible realities, stand immovably in its path: one 
the palpable fact that life is here, yet revealing no conceivable 
key to its essence or its origin; the other the truth, equally pal- 
pable, that the huge evolutionary tide reveals a momentum too 
great to stop or even to ebb, and yet with the death of man, its 
supreme product, there is nothing in present scientific insight to 
prove otherwise than that its vital powers have failed or been 
dissipated in the inane. 

The fact that science has left these cardinal problems unsolved, 
however, does not prove either that it is on a futile tack or that 
it is at fundamental issue with the Bible. It is simply exploring 
its own chosen field and for the time following the investigative 
course that opens the line of least resistance. If the unsounded 
supernatural, with its mystic involvements, bars its way in the 
intensive direction, the way toward the evolutionary depths. 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 211 

yet there is still open thoroughfare outward toward the horizons 
of evolutionary breadth, or what may be called evolution ex- 
tensive. In this latter direction it is, as matter of fact, that the 
evolutionary philosophy of our day has opened out; and so 
predominatingly indeed that for the nonce the intensive aspect 
of evolution is quite eclipsed. Its field of research is the evolution 
of species; and having in the exploration of this field reached 
the supreme and regnant species, man, it is content to leave him 
where it finds him among the multitudinous species of the earth. 
Its further concern is rather for msmkind than for manhood. 
Accordingly, assuming that man is both supreme and completely 
evolved, — the latter an unproved assumption, — this philosophy 
is engaged in tracing his powers and functions outward toward 
customs, laws, society, institutions, — in a word, toward the 
endowments of man the species as distinguished from man the 
individual. Such quest the severe methods of science can with 
more confidence hope to attain because so much of the problem 
is in sight, so little, relatively speaking, hidden in the womb of 
the mystic and unseen. 

Thus to broaden the evolution tide from intensive to extensive 
does not, of course, make the issue more lucid or conclusive. If 
the initial data are inadequate or need supplementation, the case 
is not made better by distributing the evolutionary force through 
numbers and space and time. It may turn out that even to the 
extensive evolution so interpreted essential and determining 
elements are lacking. Besides, for human life in association no 
less than for human life in the individual soul, 

"The end and the beginning vex 
His reason: many things perplex. 
With motions, checks, and comiterchecks." 

A combination and supplementation of idioms, after all, is 
the requisite. The Biblical way of thinking is as essential to a 
rounded philosophy of being as is the scientific. Goethe's remark, 
that, if a man knows no language but his own, he does not really 
know his own, is in accurate analogy here. If a man does not 
supplement his evolutionary concept of being by the essential 
values of the Biblical, it is too little to say his view of life is one- 
sided; he has not the rounded conception of the evolutionary 
itself. 



212 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

The need of supplementation comes from the fact that we 
cannot confine evolution within mere biological limits, or, in other 
words, to a thing so restricted as the evolution of species, even 
though this be so projected as to include the psychological and 
cultural growth of its supreme product, the human species. As 
species, whether writ small or large, it is a one-sided, or rather 
one-directioned, subject of evolution. Of the rounded sphere of 
being toward which man's nature is moving it deals only with the 
immediate and rudimental hemisphere. Its habitat is earth, 
its seed-plot is time. Sooner or later the potencies of development 
under these limitations and in this direction are exhausted, just 
because at this human height the whole vast gamut of species 
evolution reaches its upper and outer boundary. From that 
point onward, as species, it cannot advance. It can only mark 
time; can only return on itself. Earth and time are its occasion, 
but also its prison. This generation dies off: the next generation 
falls into the same old march step, to the drum-beat of the same 
physical and mental endowments, and trudges through the same 
life orbit, an endless treadmill round, with death invading it at 
every step. This is what Ecclesiastes saw when he wailed, 
Vanity of vanities, — nothing new under the sun, — what sur- 
plusage? Further progress cannot be made in the evolution of 
the human species as such, however refined and educated. 



II 

Yet evolution cannot stop here. It is unthinkable, to the scien- 
tific no less than to the Biblical imagination. The momentum 
is too great, the latent powers of this highest species are too urgent, 
to be curbed and dissipated at this point. But, to go on, evolution 
demands, so to say, a change of venue. Henceforth, as John 
Fiske affirms, it must be spiritual. No one can gainsay that. 
There is no other way open. However reluctant our materialized 
temper may be to tackle the problems inhering in it, we must 
come to this, or nothing. 

But the first question we encounter is baffling. What is it 
to be spiritual.'' Wherein does the spiritual man transcend the 
sensual and the psychical? Fiske, with his unrivalled powers 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 213 

of exposition, does little, if anything, to make the answer clear. 
Bernard Shaw, with the men of his ilk, admits the effects of the 
spiritual, but gives up the meaning. "As man," he says, "grows 
through the ages, he finds himself bolder by the growth of his spirit 
(if I may so name the unknown) and dares more and more to love 
and trust instead of to fear and fight." * Evidently we must do 
as science does with its undeciphered inscriptions, — begin at the 
beginning and learn the alphabet. We must reduce to funda- 
mental terms; must seek the origin of that elemental bent by 
which manhood rises beyond fear and fighting (traits of the life 
of all species) into the ultimate domain of love and trust. 

Here then, I think, is the basal distinction, from which the 
promise of solution opens. Spiritual evolution, as distinguished 
from the evolution of the species, is the evolution of the indi- 
vidual. Its venue is not mankind, as acted upon by time and 
clime, race and custom, but manhood, acting in its own endow- 
ment of right and volition, and developing, as it were, from in- 
fancy to adultness, the full range and reach of personality. At 
this supreme point the Individual stands complete, in his own 
worth and will, not the passive moulded clay, but the inheriting 
Son ; not the slave, but the wise king and user of all that the spe- 
cies has imposed upon him. 

Exactly here is where the Biblical idiom, without break or 
hiatus, meets and supplements the scientific. Nor is it in itself 
less rigidly scientific than the other. We have but to translate 
its conceptions into modern terms to see that this is so. Begin- 
ning where the higher biology leaves off and so not at all in con- 
flict with it, the Bible is occupied from its very first record with 
opening up and tracing a new direction of being, an evolution 
intensive rather than extensive. From first to last its thrust is 
centred on the evolution of the individual. It traces the inner 
life of the individual from its germinal forth-putting, through the 
stages of its immaturity and fallibility, to its goal of matured 
adultness; and there it presents to the world's suffrage a supreme 
masterful Personality, — the individual raised to its highest power 
and bearing complete witness to the essential truth of manhood. 
At this table-land of being all the normal and healthy elements 
of vital selection have been determined; and the Fittest has not 

♦ Shaw, The Quintessence of Ibsenism, p. 20. 



214 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

only survived, but has redeemed the rest. Nor does this come by 
mere analogy with biological evolution: rather it is the real to 
which the biological is the analogy and prelude. In this evolu- 
tion of the individual the idioms meet and strike hands of alliance. 



Ill 

The distinction of the two idioms lies not in the divergent 
phraseology, but in the nature of the case. When we are describ- 
ing phenomena in personal life, we do not employ such a medium 
of concepts as when we are studying phenomena in a test-tube or 
under a microscope. Nor do we employ the same methods of 
experimentation and research. 

One estranging element of the Biblical idiom, to be reckoned 
with at the outset, is the fact that in setting and presupposition 
its relation to the scientific is not merely of variation, but of posi- 
tive contrast. The evolution of personality is so truly all that 
the evolution of species is not that we must, as it were, grow new 
organs to apprehend it and a new vocabulary to describe it. 
Hitherto the application of the evolution idea solely to the species 
has so pre-empted the field as to have determined the whole back- 
ground on which the idea is projected. Its view of life as a phe- 
nomenon to be observed has forced the observer alone, the highest 
and most typical evolutionary product, to be an unsharing spec- 
tator of the game, at once wholly immersed in nature and wholly 
outside. So the evolution he contemplates, beginning with a 
germinal impulse, in which personality has no share, emerges to 
view as a blind unconscious motion of atomic and protoplasmic 
elements, goes on through a stolid determinism of heredity and 
passive selection wherein free-will is onlj^ a limited perhaps, and so 
runs a course whose last inexorable term is death. In the Biblical 
idiom all this is changed. Life is not a phenomenon to be ob- 
served, but an experience to be lived. Its values are verified not 
spectator-wise from outside, but by venturing faith and will on 
its terms. In other words, the evolution has broken the tether of 
determinism and become personal, that is, self-conscious and self- 
directive; and so the subject can co-operate in his own evolution, 
seeing and choosing its teleologic trend. Its way is his individual 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 215 

way, chosen for good not because "the elements were kindHer 
mix'd" but because he wisely wills it so, chosen for evil not 
by fatal compulsion except as he lets himself be enslaved. So 
diametric is the contrast to which the Biblical idiom intro- 
duces us. 

Another difficulty with which the fusion of idioms must 
reckon inheres in the fact that the being who has thus ventured 
on the freedom of the individual is by no means absolved from the 
law and limitations of the species. No man liveth to himself. 
The human species, with all its elements animal and psychical, 
still exists. Its evolution — what we have called evolution ex- 
tensive — is still going on, in the development of customs, indus- 
tries, arts, institutions; and its claims cannot be disregarded. It 
presents itself to the individual as his environment and oppor- 
tunity; like an encompassing culture-medium in which his self- 
moved personality is to be nursed and educated. He can use his 
environment masterfully, or he can be supinely swayed by it. 
He can subdue parts and bits of it, and yet in the great tyrannical 
mass be lost. Nay, strange and paradoxical may be his relations 
to it, as a sane or perverted individuality prompts: he may be a 
king even in surrender; he may be a pitiable slave when he is 
most rampant and absolute in fancied power. Yet all the while 
the larger personality is struggling to get free and set up the or- 
ganized kingdom of full-orbed manhood. 

Just here is where the Biblical idiom makes its distinctive 
contribution to the essence and terminology of evolution : the dis- 
tinction which it makes between the acted upon and the active, 
or what we may call the receptive and the originative, in human 
nature. For each of these it has a definite and consistently main- 
tained term. The writer of the Epistle to the Hebrews recog- 
nizes this in his assertion that the word of God "pierces to the 
dividing of soul and spirit" (Heb. iv. 12). These are the terms: 
soul and spirit; by these the Biblical idiom makes its funda- 
mental distinction, a distinction that seems not clearly to have 
occurred to science. The terms are not loosely used, nor more 
mixedly than the evident cross-currents of manhood life justify. 
How, then, are the two distinguished? We need not go into the 
derivation of nephesh and ntah, ij/vxt] and irvevfm, respectively. 
The Hebrew words both come from roots meaning wind, or breath; 



216 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

with the primary idea, as it would seem, of breath inhaled and 
breath exhaled. As the result of inhaling the breath of God, Saint 
Paul says (1 Cor. xv. 45), the primal man became a living soul: he 
is quoting Gen. ii. 7, where the nephesh hayyah which man became 
is shared, or rather co-ordinate, with the life of other creatures 
{cf. Gen. i. 30), though so radically above them as not to be their 
congenial mate (cf. Gen. ii. 20). But Saint Paul goes on to con- 
trast the ultimate or supreme man, as a life-^mn^ spirit; his 
function being, not to receive, but to impart life. The life cur- 
rent has become outward, not inward. The fundamental dis- 
tinction, then, reduces to this: soul is of the species or race; spirit 
is of the individual. As a living soul, man is immersed in the 
determinism of his race, acted upon, receptive, adaptive. As a 
life-giving spirit, man is endowed with individual choice and voli- 
tion, active, initiative, self -determinative. And the development 
of this latter potency, from racial infancy to emancipated adult- 
ness, from the tender and tentative individuality to the supreme 
reach of personality like the personality of his Source, is man's 
spiritual evolution. 

Of this spiritual evolution the Bible is the one accurate and 
truly scientific text-book. You do not find it systematically 
traced elsewhere. You do not find a single essential element of it 
failing here. "The more I study the great Scripture purpose," an 
eminent American clergyman once remarked to me, "the more it 
is evident to me that its aim is to enable man to do just as he 
will." That is it in the last analysis,- — to do just as he will, tak- 
ing the risks, abiding the consequences, achieving the high ideals 
and potentialities, until the ultimate truth of manhood is realized. 
The whole story inheres in that. And so from beginning to end 
its evolutionary pulsations are not psychical merely, but spiritual. 
To trace it discriminatively, we desiderate a new science, — not 
psychology, which is concerned with endowments common to 
the human species, but pneumatology, the science which deals 
with the phenomena of life when manhood acts on its individual 
initiative and does, or tries to do, just as it will. Evolutionary 
science has done much and nobly with psychology, the soul of the 
species, the soul of the race; but it has not clearly regarded the 
true limit and discrimination. It is still entangled with species 
and race. It is too timid to venture "soul-forward, headlong," 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 217 

on the sphere of the individual, of the free-moving spirit. As 
a consequence, it is afraid of the Biblical idiom, which moves 
masterfully and consistently in this sphere of being. Set it one 
authentic problem of pneumatology to solve, and you can dis- 
count the contempt and arrogance with which it meets it. These 
are simply a cover for timidity. The science of pneumatology is 
an unexplored region. Its call is for men of light and courage 
and openness of mind. 

Here we come face to face with the difficulty — I had almost 
said the deadlock — that the evolutionary idiom of the age has 
created. I may mention two aspects of it, both rising from its 
prevailing negative attitude. It is baflBed by the inexorable 
fact that we cannot get on by negations. 

One difficulty lies in its fatal choice of apparatus for research. 
It has built psychological laboratories, in which one may see 
machines of cunning device for measuring the actions and reac- 
tions of the human soul; and so it is laboriously reducing human 
life to terms of the material and of time and space. It has its 
department of psychics, in which it puts men to sleep and manip- 
ulates their dreams or employs a medium to reveal strange 
secrets of complex personality. It has its department of anthro- 
pology, in which it records and tabulates its discoveries in the 
field of evolution extensive. And in all this it is stolidly treading 
the round of the human species, a wheel of being which comes 
round full circle at death with no clear promise of individual 
uprise and survival. Meanwhile, in spite of its confession that 
henceforth evolution must be spiritual, it has hardly raised the 
question what is spirit and what its laws of birth and growth and 
teleology. In other words, it has paused irresolute before the 
one true method of research. Saint Paul, the great Christian 
evolutionist, is more definitely committed. He maintains that 
"spiritual things are spiritually discerned." And among the 
charisms of the early church he enumerates "discerning of spirits," 
which is a very different thing from seeing and identifying ghosts. 
Nor is he at all uncertain of the validity of his procedure when 
he affirms that "he that is spiritual judgeth all things, while he 
himself is judged of no*man." No more is Jesus, when in his 
interview with Nicodemus he claims for the spiritual man an 
insight into the deeps of life which is absolutely closed to one not 



218 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

specially born to it. Here is the rub. In the Biblical idiom you 
cannot judge the spirit by psychical standards: you must grow 
an individuality like his. And so you cannot remain outside, 
a mere spectator of the game. Spirituality, with its realm of 
light and absolute knowledge, is something wherein you see 
because of what you are; you have evolved into it from the 
psychical, as the animal has mysteriously evolved into the human, 
and in that evolution you have transcended the bondage of the 
species. In other words, to judge the spiritual, the individual, 
you must have reached a stage of being where the method of 
research is not doubtful experimentation, but first-hand personal 
intuition, containing its own reality and proof, and beholden to 
no man. 

Another difiiculty, inhering with this, lies in the perverse stipu- 
lation of range and horizon. Our phenomena of life, the biological 
evolutionists say, must be all there, in the field of common man- 
hood ; must be evol vable from developed human elements without 
the intervention of a deus ex machina. If, say they, the Biblical 
idiom postulates the latter element, with its admission of the 
supernatural and mystical, it is shifting the conditions, cutting 
the knot instead of untying it, is no longer evolutionary, but 
catastrophic. Here, then, as they aver, we must part company, 
because the Biblical idiom is not observing the rules of the game. 
To which the Biblical idiom responds: It depends on the stage 
of the game to which we have attained. On this table-land of 
individual evolution we have new prospects, new horizons, new 
views of the origin from which our personality comes. Down 
there in your material stratum you can trace evolution from a 
protoplasmic germ, can look down into the mysteries of the un- 
conscious and subliminal; but in our spiritual sphere we have 
reached the point where we feel the pulsation of the personal 
and, as it were, the supra-tectal. "We speak that we do know," 
and we know that the germ of spiritual evolution is not material, 
but spiritual. This is the primordial fact of our pneumatology. 
Hence from the beginning our windows are open to the influences 
and potencies that flow in upon us from above. It is you, mes- 
sieurs biologists, who are not observing the rules of the game. 
Your timidity is in evidence again. You are nervously afraid 
of ascending the mountain where the individual is discovering 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 219 

and determining his own majestic evolution. Of our life up here 
we can speak as the poet of his song: — 

"All day and all night it is ever drawn 
From the brain of the purple mountain, . . . 
And the mountain draws it from Heaven above. 
And it sings a song of undying love; 
And yet, tho' its voice be so clear and full. 
You never would hear it; your ears are so dull." 

In a word, when we take our station on the table-land of this 
higher personality, it is not only our right, but our duty to avail 
ourselves of the scenery around and below; and, if from this 
vantage we can also "hold commerce with the skies," so much 
the better. Nor is there anything here that is arbitrarily esoteric 
or mystical. There is nothing hidden that shall not be revealed. 



IV 

To bring the two idioms under one vocabulary, it is simply 
requisite that we observe consistently, the principles and postu- 
lates of each. The biologist and the anthropologist are not bid- 
den abjure one jot of their nobly conceived science, but neither 
can they be fair either to what is within their range or to what is 
beyond them, if they ignore their inexorable limitations. And, 
in fact, the casting vote must come not from the lower, but from 
the higher evolutionary stratum, from the region of the spiritual 
rather than of the psychical. It is the literal truth that in the 
ultimate analysis "he which is spiritual judgeth all things." He 
knows the animal that is in him. He knows the human species 
as such, but they do not know him until they are like him, nor 
do they know themselves until they are lifted above themselves, 
as it were into a new dimension, where they can look down and 
inside their rudimental selves. 

That the Biblical idiom merits examination and perhaps sci- 
entific confidence, as embodying a solution of the supreme evo- 
lutionary problem, is apparent from the resolute contrast it pre- 
sents to the tentative groping and besetting agnosticism of the 
theory that is current. It contains no uncertain tones, no doubtful 
inferences, no inferences at all. The word of its profoundest 



220 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

exponents — a word ratified by personal experience — is, "we 
speak that we do know." Its uncompromising note is, You may 
take it or leave it, but there it is. And in three cardinal counts 
it demonstrates the rounded completeness of its evolutionary 
cycle. 

1. As to its germinal beginning. It postulates a source, 
an impulse, which, while truly primordial, reveals at once the 
potency of the whole evolutionary course and end. That germ 
is not protoplasmic, however to eyes of sense it might look. It 
is spiritual, holding capsulate within it whatever may be predi- 
cated of spirit. The very first recorded event of creation, ante- 
rior even to the advent of the inorganic, is the movement of a 
personal spirit over chaos. The very first movement of distinc- 
tive human life is a response to breath exhaled from a creative 
Personality. If there is anything catastrophic in the evolution 
thus beginning, here is where it enters. If anything catastrophic 
supervenes thereafter, its prophecy and potency are here. That 
vitalizing spirit the Biblical idiom names God, and surely no 
science can quarrel with its terminology. If we can postu- 
late a God at all, he is acting in character. In the beginning 
he is a Being unknown, but not unknowable; and under his 
power chaos starts as if alive into cosmos at that distinctively 
spiritual thing, a word; and thenceforth a living w^orld unfolds 
in its wealth of habitat and species, ending in man; and man in 
turn, with a spiritually inbreathed mind superadded to the ani- 
mal, comes gradually to know God as fast as he grows organs to 
know, and pari passu with finding out God finds out himself. 
It is a long evolution. No six days nor six centuries can com- 
pass it, — long in proportion to its height and greatness. But 
from beginning to end it is the evolution of the individual beyond 
the determinism of the species toward the crown of adult spiritual 
personality, where it can do homage to its Source, not merely as 
to a hidden Power shaping its ends, but as the "Father of spirits." 
All this course is consistent with its apprehended germ and with 
itself. No man-made philosophy can better it. 

2. As to its culmination. The idiom of evolution, with all 
its study of the human species, cannot adduce an all-round speci- 
men, nor by adding selected specimens together, however multi- 
tudinous, a finished species. The very idea is almost laughably 



BIBLICAL IDIOM AND EVOLUTION IDIOM 221 

unthinkable. It can only observe its generation of mankind, as 
this treads its round of being from birth to death, and be doubt- 
ful if, except in the case of some one-sided individualities, it has 
made any real species advance since the morning of creation. 
The Biblical idiom knows no such uncertainty or bafflement. 
As the fulfilment of a long prophetic line, it presents for the world's 
suffrage a supreme Individual, in whom human and divine mean- 
ings meet and blend, — an adult Personality whom nineteen cen- 
turies have not availed to improve upon. Nay, the world's ideals 
themselves are inchoate and groping until it can shape them by 
the standard of "a perfect man, the measure of the stature of 
the fulness of Christ." This is not theory: it is history. We 
number our years by it. In him the evolution of the full-orbed 
personality comes round full cycle, and since his time the para- 
mount business of the world is to naturalize in universal human- 
ity the accomplished fact. And this it does by laboring to 
impart the regenerative power of the adult self-moving Spirit, 
like leaven, from one human individual to another, till the whole 
lump is leavened. 

3. As to its issue. In the species direction the evolutionary 
way is inexorably barred. After how^ever long or wide a circuit, 
it returns eventually on itself, its potencies exhausted. The sub- 
tle interactions of matter and force which have informed it are 
fated to reach that final equilibrium which for inorganic bodies 
is called rest, for bodies organic, death. Beyond this its tether 
does not reach; and so beyond and beneath all is mystery or, 
so far as its eyes to see are concerned, non-existent. Here, again, 
the Biblical idiom, though it sounds this same baffled stage of 
being to the depth, burgeons into a higher evolutionary conscious- 
ness, which it calls not death, but newness of life. It leaves the 
renewed personality not at an end, but at a beginning, at the 
threshold of a higher stage of being. And this is just what the 
species is groaning to realize; what evolution itself, if it does not 
stop at the physical death of its highest product, must needs dis- 
cover and appropriate. And the Biblical name for this is precisely 
the most scientific that could be chosen, — not immortality, as 
if the species soul were to be rescued from the ruins of nature, 
but resurrection, ascension, uprise, wherein the whole integral 
manhood is lifted to a higher table-land of life. This, though an 



222 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

evolutionary necessity, is as unthinkable to the material biologist 
as a fourth dimension. To the consistent Biblical thinker it is the 
assured issue of individual being moulded into the image of the 
divine. The hidden life-impulse which began with the Father 
of spirits rises out of sight in the beauty of the family fellowship 
and likeness and in the light of his presence. 

Why, then, should the idiom of evolution quarrel with the 
Biblical, as if there could be no relationship between them? They 
are not foes, but supplementary companions, each entitled to 
its own fullest and fairest word. 



CHERRY-BLOSSOM 2£3 



CHERRY-BLOSSOM 

JOHN ERSKINE 

Easter in the Pelham hills, — Easter late, as Pelham likes, — 
Northern boughs need time enough to sprout their tardy cones and 

spikes ! 
Checkered squares of shimmering green promise faintly, one by 

one. 
Where the orchards, long besieged, surrender to the ardent sun. 
From dawn till eve the promise ripens, changing tints from noon 

to noon, 
And thro' the mist of breathing things nightly climbs the Paschal 

moon. 
Oh, were you now in Amherst, it's walking you'd be now 
The pathway up the chapel hill, and a white tree crowns the brow ! 
It rises from the moonlight, — still foam from a waveless sea, — 
And Amherst lads are walking there, beneath the cherry-tree. 
It rises from a random thought, — old love from an old perfume, — 
And Amherst lads that are far away still walk beneath the bloom ! 

Easter in the Pelham hills, Easter blossoms as 6f yore. 

And earth, that bears the bloom anew, maiden seems forevermore! 

Yet what if earth remembers, when the warm familiar rain. 

Driving in a joyous fury, stirs her languid blood again, 

Stirs the sleeping branch where beauty folded close in darkness 

shrouds. 
And from every bud the cherry-blossoms burst in snowy clouds.'' 
You cannot bloom so strangely, O phantom tree I love. 
But my heart, like earth, remembers wherefrom your beauty 

throve, — 
Perished Spring, and Spring that's here, and Spring that's still 

to be. 
And o'er them all the Paschal light — and, lo, my cherry-tree! 
Your sailing boughs are wrapped in dreams, your flower is white, 

like truth; 
Boyhood walks beneath your branches; underneath your shade 

is youth. 



224 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



THE NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE IN LEADERSHIP 

WALTER F. WILLCOX 

A MHERST COLLEGE has graduated 5,132 alumni, of whom 
l\ 3,290 are still living. About one-half of them have been 
-^ -*- graduated during the last twenty years, and so are prob- 
ably less than forty-two years old, the other half ranging from 
that age to the oldest living graduate, who was born in 1821 and is 
now ninety-one years old. The eyes of the older alumni as a class 
look back with affectionate interest to the college of an earlier 
generation. Most of them are immersed in affairs remote from 
the college life of to-day and its educational problems, and are con- 
tent to leave its present condition and ideals in the competent 
hands of Faculty and Trustees. From the point of view of such 
graduates, for whom this magazine is in large part designed, it 
is well to emphasize the condition of the College as it was a genera- 
tion ago, and ask how it served the needs of those who have now 
reached or passed the meridian of life. 

Amherst College is fortunate in its situation at the heart of 
New England. The charm of its surroundings appeals to every 
eye, but even more significant, perhaps, is the fact that it grew 
from and is dear to the New England folk. That this folk has 
contributed far more than its share to the strength of this country 
is often affirmed, but seldom has the effort been made to prove the 
statement. 

The earliest attempt with which I am acquainted was made 
by Senator H. C. Lodge twenty years ago.* He examined more 
than fourteen thousand names of the citizens of the United 
States whose biographical sketches were included in "Appleton's 
Encyclopaedia of American Biography," and reached the con- 
clusions, among others, that Connecticut had produced a larger 
proportion of able men to total population than any other state, 
and that in Massachusetts and Virginia the proportion was greater 
than in New York or Pennsylvania. 

* "The Distribution of Ability in the United States" in the Century {ot September, 1S91, 
reprinted in his "Historical and Political Essays," pages 138-168. 



THE NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE IN LEADERSHIP 225 

For two reasons his line of argument fails to serve my present 
purpose. It applies to the whole period of colonial and national 
history, while I am concerned only with the conditions affecting 
the generation now at or passing its prime. It could not compare 
the number of distinguished names from each colony or state with 
the number of its residents or natives, because that number 
changed greatly in time and before 1790 was not accurately known. 

The present object would be better served by a contemporary 
dictionary of living notables, giving place of birth and residence, 
and for this a more suitable source of information, "Who's Who 
in America," has been produced in the score of years since the 
earlier article was published. This book has been studied from 
various points of view, but not, I believe, in just the way here 
followed for determining the proportionate contribution of New 
England stock to men of distinction. In its last edition, that of 
1910-11, brief biographical sketches are given of 15,361 persons 
born in the United States and thought by the editor to be of some 
distinction. The book is edited in Chicago, and is unlikely to 
favor New England under the influence of local pride or because 
information was more accessible. In the preface to an earlier 
edition the editor admitted "that it was somewhat partial to 
educational, scientific and professional people and needed to pay 
more attention to the capitalists, manufacturers and men of 
business, " and sought to correct this bias in the selection of names. 
But the real difference, as suggested by Professor (now President) 
Lowell in an article interpreting its results for Harvard, is prob- 
ably the difference between ability and distinction. A writer 
or political leader aims at distinction, and measures his suc- 
cess by the result. His reputation becomes more than local and 
information about him adds to the value of such a book. This 
is far less true of a business man or even of a la\\yer or doctor. 
The successive editions of "WTio's Who in America," then, prob- 
ably contain an unbiassed list of distinguished living Americans, 
but distinction is far from an adequate test either of ability or of 
attainment. 

The residence of a distinguished man is largely a matter 
of accident; the place where he passed his childhood and youth 
is often unknown; but his heredity and early environment are 
approximately indicated by his birthplace. The question then 



226 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

becomes, What proportion of the men born in New England attain 
distinction? The census gives the total number born in each 
state and living anywhere in the United States in 1900.* "Wlio's 
Who in America" gives the corresponding number of persons of 
distinction. From these two sources the following table has 
been prepared, the states being arranged in order of the decreasing 
proportion of distinguished sons. 

Natives of this state 

Natives of this state mentioned in " Who' s Distinguished 

residing in United Who in America," sons among each 

State States in 1900 1910-1911 100,000 natives 

Massachusetts 1,847,221 1,769 96 

(District" of Columbia . . 155,770 144 92) 

Vermont 417,206 359 86 

New Hampshire .... 367,607 310 84 

Connecticut 660,791 532 81 

Maine 778,266 526 68 

Rhode Island 275,693 172 62 

New England 4,346,784 3,668 84 

New York 6,134,552 2,970 48 

Delaware 185,301 74 40 

New Jersey 1,298,005 428 33 

Ohio 4,310,651 1,274 30 

Maryland 1,200,989 342 29 

Pennsylvania 5,767,948 1,516 26 

United States 65,684,273 15,361 23 

The preceding figures show the leading position of the New 
England states in producing men of distinction. The population 
of the District of Columbia is a selected one. Many persons of 
ability, government ofiicials and others, migrate thither, and 
many children born in Washington of such parents later acquire 
distinction. With this exception, more apparent than real, the 
six New England states rank first, and, roughly speaking, as 
one passes to distant states in the South or West, the proportion 
diminishes. The ratio of distinguished sons among the natives 
of New England is more than three and one-half times the average 
for the country, and exceeds that of the next state, New York, 
by nearly three-fourths. In view of the great amount of migra- 
tion from New England to New York State, especially during 
the first half of the nineteenth century, some at least and perhaps 

* This seems to yield a more significant ratio than the resident population of a state at 
some past date, e.g., 1860, which has sometimes been used for the second term in the com- 
parison. 



THE NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE IN LEADERSHIP 227 

a large number of that state's distinguished sons might be traced 
to the infusion of blood from New England. As a great English 
historian has found an Ariadne's thread through the labyrinth 
of modern history in "The Expansion of England," so perhaps 
some day the history of this country will be seen, even more 
clearly than it is now, to be an expansion of New England. How- 
ever that may be, it is certainly true that Amherst College lies 
at the heart of a group of states which have contributed far more 
than their share to the distinguished men of the country. 

The comparative pi'evalence of distinction among the holders 
of a college degree and those who do not hold such a degree is 
also more than a matter of idle curiosity. I assume that the 
average age of college students at graduation is twenty-two 
years. The total number of men above that age living in 
the United States in 1910 was about 22,500,000. The number 
of living college graduates is unknown, but may be estimated 
with sufficient closeness for present purposes. The number of 
men receiving a degree of A.B., B.S., B.L., or Ph.B. from any 
American institution in each year between 1894 and 1910, in- 
clusive, is reported by the United States Commissioner of Educa- 
tion. By the help of a life table it is easy to estimate, for example, 
that of the 5,803 bachelors who received these degrees in June, 
1894, about 5,004 would be alive in 1910, and similarly for each 
other annual quota. For the number graduating each year 
before 1894 I inquired of the United States Commissioner of 
Education, but could obtain no helpful information. Then I 
made an arbitrary estimate that between 1866 and 1894 the annual 
number of such graduates increased one hundred a year, or by 
one-fourth the annual increase at the known later period. Before 
1866 I assume that the annual number of such graduates was 
3,000. I have designedly made the figures large, because, the 
greater the number of living graduates, the worse for my argument. 
This method yields 247,814 holders of one of these four degrees 
living in 1910. I add from the World Almanac the number of 
living graduates from West Point (2,600) and Annapolis (2,500), 
which brings the total to about 253,000. I am compelled to dis- 
regard the holders of advanced or professional degrees, partly 
because those forms of education have sprung up recently, but 
mainly because my object is to measure the prevalence of dis- 



Mentioned in " Who's 

Who in America," 

1910-11 


Ratio per 
100,000 


8,985 


3,551 


2,049 


2,025 


4,484 


20 


15,518 


69 



228 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

tinction among the holders of the typical college degrees. A 
count of the number of non-graduates in ten successive classes 
at Amherst, and an estimate of the total number of living students 
at Cornell who did not graduate from that institution, indicate 
that in each case the number of non-graduates is about two-fifths 
the number of graduates. If this result is extended to all colleges, 
it furnishes the basis for the following computation. 



MALE POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES AT LEAST 22 
YEARS OF AGE IN 1910. 



Total 
College graduates (including 

army and navy) 253,000 

Attended college without 

graduating 101,200 

Did not attend college . . . 22,145,800 

Total 22,500,000 

These figures indicate that the proportion of men of distinc- 
tion among persons who attended college, but did not graduate, 
is about one hundred times, and among college graduates is 
about one hundred and seventy times, as great as among those 
who never attended college. The facts may be stated in a different 
form by saying that, while the number of men who never attended 
college is about eighty-nine times the total number of college 
graduates, the number of college graduates mentioned in "Who's 
Who in America" is twice the number of persons thus mentioned 
who never attended college. But it might be fairer to add to 
the 4,484 who are known never to have attended college the 
1,995 who furnished no information about attending college. 
This would raise the 20 in the last line of the table to 29, and 
bring the ratio down from 170 to 122. Probably the truth lies 
between the two, but nearer the less than the greater number. 
If the two classes of alumni and non-graduates are combined, 
the ratio is 3,115. Under any admissible assumption it seems 
clear that the proportion of men of distinction among those 
who have been college students is more than one hundred times 
as great as among those who have not. 

Thus far it has been shown that men of distinction are more 



THE NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE IN LEADERSHIP 229 

common among persons born in New England and much more 
common among college graduates than in other groups. Can we 
go further and make a comparison of the different colleges? 

The Yale News a year ago counted the number of graduates 
of various colleges whose names were in "Who's Who in America" 
for 1910-11 and printed the results. The table as copied in 
Science for February 24, 1911, contains slight errors, but I have 
little doubt that its main results are correct. As the figures at 
best give only rough indications, the labor of repeating the tabu- 
lations in order to check the results would not be compensated 
by the increased accuracy. In order to get a ratio, I have com- 
pared these totals with the number of living alumni of the college 
as given in a recent issue of the World Almanac. The comparison 
yields the following results: — 

Mentioned in 
" Who's Who in 
Living America," Number per 

Institution alumni 1910-11 1,000 alumni 

Annapolis 2,500 235 94.0 

West Point 2,600 221 85.0 

Amherst 3,237 205 63.3 

(Wesleyan 2,060 121 58.8) 

Williams 2,567 123 47.9 

Yale 16,016 681 42.5 

Harvard 19,742 813 41.2 

Columbia 17,832 261 14.6 

Princeton 16,318 210 12.9 

University of Pennsylvania 16,000 200 12.5 

Massachusetts Institute of Tech- 
nology 4,416 52 11.8 

Rensselaer Polytechnic 1,677 17 10.1 

Several institutions are omitted because they are co-educa- 
tional. The low position of the engineering schools is, no doubt, 
due largely, perhaps wholly, to their recent growth and the large 
proportion of their alumni who have not yet had time to make 
their reputations. Wesleyan is given in parentheses because it 
has been co-educational. It might be fairer to subtract from the 
2,060 living alumni the 224 who are women, on the ground that 
a woman's chance to attain distinction is much less than a man's. 
This would raise the number for Wesleyan in the last column from 
58.8 to 65.9. As we are not sure that the 121 in column 2 are all 
men, the only safe conclusion is that the ratio for Wesleyan male 



230 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



graduates is between 58.8 and 65.9. I have no desire to insist 
upon the ranking of the institutions suggested by the tables, but 
think the following inferences may be safely drawn: — 

A graduate of West Point or Annapolis, other things equal, 
has a better chance of attaining distinction than a graduate of 
any other institution. 

The graduates of the smaller New England colleges, Amherst, 
Wesleyan, and Williams, compare favorably with the larger New 
England universities. Harvard and Yale. 

It is possible also from the figures of the Yale N^ews to compare 
the lines of work followed by men of distinction who have graduated 
from the various colleges. The figures below are ratios to 10,000 
living alumni: — 





Law 


Medi- 
cine 


Edu- 
cation 


Sci- 
ence 


Minis- 
try 


Writing 
and 
jour- 
nalism 


Engi- 
neer- 
ing 


Finance Govern- 
and ment 
busi- ser- 
ness vice 


Williams . . . 


. . 82 


19 


11 


39 


117 


66 


4 


16 


27 


Wesleyan . . 


. . 70 


15 


18 


60 


160 


49 


10 


5 


35 


Amherst . . . 


. . 71 


31 


20 


90 


111 


68 


15 


28 


12 



The lines of work in which men of distinction are relatively 
more numerous among Amherst graduates than among Wesleyan 
or Williams graduates are science, medicine, finance and business; 
the lines in which Amherst men of distinction are less numerous 
are ministry and government service. 

The evidence warrants the conclusions that Amherst alumni 
graduating a generation ago and now in the midst of their life- 
work were effectively trained, perhaps quite as well in the sciences 
as the humanities, and that these men in their widely diverse 
pursuits are reflecting honor upon their alma mater. 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 231 



®1|? Aml)?rBt SlUuBtrtouH 



TALCOTT WILLIAMS, LL.D., L.H.D., LITT.D. 

THE EDITOR 

"f I ^O tlo good, and to communicate, forget not," is a good old 
I Scripture injunction which we often hear quoted in churches 
just before the circulation of the contribution-box. One 
cannot deny its suitability for eliciting the customary nickel: 
one must regret, however, that its application should be so be- 
littled. To apply it as a law and ideal to the function of the news- 
paper may seem at first thought not much more exalting; but 
when we reflect how truly, for better or worse, journalism is the 
great busy world's educator, we at least desiderate for it the noblest 
that the precept can mean. There are so many ways of doing 
good open to journalism now^adays, just because it is so facile and 
universal a means of communicating, that the thoughtful mind 
rejoices, not without trembling, at its tremendous power. A 
sacred function, even, Carlyle gives it, as a kind of surrogate for 
the church. "A Preaching Friar," he says, "settles himself in 
every village; and builds a pulpit, w^hich he calls Newspaper." 
That the educator should itself be educated, therefore, by ordered 
and thorough training, and thus be not a hap-hazard money- 
getter, but the administrator of an exalted trust, is a conviction 
that has long worked in earnest minds; and now, thanks to the 
will of the late Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, the con- 
viction is in the way of taking concrete form in the newly founded 
School of Journalism of Columbia University. 

In the choice of Dr. Talcott Williams, of her Class of 1873, 
to be the first director, and thus to large degree the creator, of this 
new school, his Alma Mater, whatever share she may or may not 
claim in preparing him for this high distinction, does take to her- 
self with joy her fitting meed of the honor thus done to one of her 
sons. She has already recognized, in his ever-active loyalty to 
her interests, not only the many ways, both scholarly and prac- 
tical, that he has of doing good, but also his rare ability and dis- 
position to communicate. He has imparted much to the college, 
as alumnus, fraternity man, and trustee; and, with his unusual 



232 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

scholarly as well as journalistic endowments, he enters upon his 
new work with every promise of making journalism a real element 
in a liberal education. 

Talcott Williams was born in Abeih, Turkey, July 20, 1849. 
His parents were Rev. William Frederic Williams and Sarah 
Amelia (Pond) Williams. His early education was received 
partly abroad and partly in this country. Graduated at Amherst 
in 1873, ten years later he received from his Alma Mater the de- 
gree of Master of Arts. In 1891 the University of Pennsylvania 
conferred upon him the honorary degree of Master of Arts. In 
1896 he received from Amherst the degree of Doctor of Humane 
Letters, and in the following year the same degree from Western 
Reserve University. The University of Pennsylvania honored 
him with the degree of Doctor of Laws in 1895. Hobart in 1899 
and Western Reserve University in 1909 conferred upon him the 
same degree. He received the degree of Doctor of Literature 
from Rochester University in 1902. 

Dr. Williams married Sophia Wells Royce, of Albion, N.Y., 
May 28, 1879. Beginning in college as one of the editors of The 
Student, he has passed through well-nigh all stages of journalistic 
work, — as reporter, reviewer, correspondent, editorial writer, — 
on the New York World, the New York Sun, the Spring-field 
Republican, and the San Francisco Chronicle. Since 1881 he has 
been associate editor of the Philadelphia Press, and was for three 
years its managing editor. 

The list of learned and beneficent societies, clubs, etc., of 
which he has been or is a member, is almost bewildering, too long 
to enumerate here. His proficiency in the Arabic language has in- 
troduced him to extremely erudite fields of learning and research, 
one fruit of which has been extensive anthropological researches 
in Morocco, for which purpose he made two journeys to that 
land, accompanied and materially aided by his wife. For many 
years also he has been a member of the Committee on Babylonian 
Research of the University of Pennsylvania. 

In the Pulitzer School Dr. Williams will personally direct in- 
struction in the history and ethics of journalism. With him as 
Associate Director is John W. Cunliffe, Litt.D., head of the De- 
partment of English at the University of Wisconsin, who will 
have personal charge of training students in writing English. 



a^i- - 




HENRY HILL GOODELL, LL.D. 
Amherst, 1862; President of Massachusetts Agricultural College, 1886-1905 
From Painting by Edwin B. Child, '90 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 235 



HENRY HILL GOODELL, LL.D.* 

PRESIDENT OF MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, 1886-1895 

JOHN M. TYLER 

President Goodell, so well known and affectionately re- 
membered by a host of our graduates, came of sterling Puritan 
stock. His ancestor arrived in Salem, Mass., in 1634. Eighty 
or more Goodales or Goodells served in the Revolution, and all 
but seven bore Biblical names. 

President Goodell's grandfather was one of these seven. His 
father was a missionary in Turkey for forty years. "Turkey 
was then a frontier position, and his trials came 'not in single 
spears but in fierce battalions'; yet he stood to his post and did 
his work bravely and well." 

President Goodell was born in Constantinople in 1839. He 
came to America in 1856, and was prepared for college at Willis- 
ton Seminary, doing the three years' work of the regular course 
in two. We would gladly know more of his life at Amherst Col- 
lege, where he was graduated in 1862, but the data are scanty. 
In the fall of 1861 he felt the call to enlist in the army. But 
his relatives and friends persuaded him to complete his college 
course. In August, 1862, he enlisted for nine months' service 
in the 25th Regiment of Connecticut Volunteers. The regiment 
was sent to New Orleans, thence to Baton Rouge to destroy 
the Confederate Army west of the Mississippi, and then to reduce 
Port Hudson, a fortified post of large garrison and of natural 
strength second only to Vicksburg, which latter place Grant was 
meanwhile besieging. 

His war letters fill about fifty pages of the book. All his 
patriotism, pluck, courage, and humor serve only to make more 
vivid the picture of the hardships and sore trials of the soldier's life. 

He writes: "On May 21 we received orders to march, and at 
twelve embarked on the Empire Parish. ... At twelve at night 
we disembarked at Bayou Sara some sixteen miles from Port 
Hudson. The rest of the brigade marched on and left our regi- 

* Henry Hill Goodell. The Story of his Life. By Calvin Stebbina. Cambridge: River- 
side Press. 1911. 



236 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

ment to unload the boats. It was two a.m. before any of us lay 
down and at four, May 22, we marched breakfastless to overtake 
the brigade. We had a terrible march up and down hill, for not 
a particle of air could reach us and the dust was stifling. At 
four P.M. we halted, and our regiment was ordered to the front 
as advance picket for the night. It rained quite hard, and of 
course we had to be upon the watch most of the night. May 
23 we started at 4 a.m., our men pretty well fagged out by 
two nights' duty; but no mercy was shown, and the 25th was 
ordered to take the advance as skirmishers. It was thoroughly 
exhausting work, and many a strong man gave out. ... At seven 
P.M. I was suddenly detailed with forty men to go on picket. 
Pretty rough on a fellow to be three nights on duty ; but a soldier's 
first duty is to obey without grumbling, so I went, though I 
could hardly keep my eyes open." "Obey without grumbling" 
was President Goodell's motto throughout life. 

In one of its earliest battles the 25th had lost over twenty 
per cent, of its number in killed and wounded in a few hours, and, 
though outflanked, had held its ground. June 18 he writes: 
"Last Sunday we made a general assault, but were repulsed 
with terrible loss. We got inside three times, but for want of 
support were driven out. Oh, but it was a terrible place where 
we charged, — a perfect murder the way it was managed. ... It 
is wonderful how I have been preserved. I have been in four 
direct assaults on the works, half a dozen skirmishes and one 
fight, and yet not a scratch have I received." All this occurred 
in about three weeks. In the same letter he tells us that General 
Banks had called for one thousand volunteers to storm the forti- 
fications of Port Hudson. They were to lead, and behind them 
were to follow the picked regiments of the whole army. Goodell 
was to command the third company of this forlorn hope. For- 
tunately the attack never took place. After days of special drill 
and anxious waiting Vicksburg fell, and Port Hudson surrendered 
July 9, 1863. 

"Scant justice," says Mr. Stebbins, "has been done to the 
Nineteenth Corps. The field of their action while in Louisiana 
was far away, and until the fall of Port Hudson, was cut off from 
the North except by the sea. The public attention was absorbed 
by the operations in the states along the border, and even their 



THE AMHERST ILLUSTRIOUS 237 

great victory at Port Hudson was eclipsed and looked upon as a 
consequence of the fall of Vicksburg. But they did a great deal 
of hard fighting, and made hundreds of miles of hard marching 
in a climate to which the men were not accustomed." 

In 1864 President Goodell became teacher of modern lan- 
guages and instructor in gymnastics at Williston Seminary, 
being associated with such men as General Francis A. Walker, 
M. F. Dickinson, Esq., and Rev. Charles Parkhurst, in a brilliant 
and inspiring corps of teachers. 

In 1867 he was called to be professor in the newly founded 
Massachusetts Agricultural College. The great success of the 
college has obscured the difficulties and hardships of its early 
career. It had to face ignorance, prejudice, misunderstanding, 
wide-spread indifference, and much active hostility. Objections 
and criticisms abounded, friends were few. But he worked as 
professor and later as president with exuberant cheerfulness, 
unabated enthusiasm and loyalty, unfailing humor, mingled tact 
and firmness, shrewd wit, and great wisdom. The greater the 
difficulties and discouragements, the higher rose his courage and 
resourcefulness. He laid the broad and deep foundations of a 
truly educational as well as practical institution on which his 
able and worthy successor is rearing a stately edifice. 

His work and energy were prodigious. He was president of 
the college from 1886 until his death, and librarian from 1885 
to 1899; and at one time or another had taught almost every 
subject in the curriculum. He talked and lectured all over the 
state, everywhere winning respect and friends for himself and the 
college. Men followed and supported him who cared little or 
nothing for the college. His correspondence was enormous. 
He was president of the Association of American Agricultural 
Colleges and Experiment Stations in 1891, was a member of its 
executive committee from 1888 to 1902, and its chairman during 
the last eight years. He wrote and pleaded, urged and guided 
legislation at Washington and Boston. He served the cause so 
well that President Stone, of Purdue University, could justly say, 
"To few if any of their able leaders do the agricultural colleges 
and experiment stations owe a greater debt than to him." 

But the work told and cost. After 1880 his health was never 
rugged, and his life was really a long fight with disease, demanding 



238 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

periods of entire rest. "But the moment there was any improve- 
ment in his condition, he was back at his post, for he felt that a 
necessity was upon him and he must work. His indomitable 
energy could not be restrained, and he never knew how to husband 
his strength." In 1903 the physicians declared him worn out. 
He struggled on for two more years, feeble in body, but unconquer- 
able in spirit. April 23, 1905, he fell asleep on the steamer which 
was bringing him home from a fruitless search for more strength 
to renew the struggle. 

The minister of the Chinese Empire, Sir Chentung Liang- 
Cheng, hastened to his funeral, and cancelled all social engagements 
for fourteen days, saying, "He has been as a father and brother 
to me." Amherst College, "Mother of heroes," may well be 
proud of such a son, and he was always true and loyal to her. 

The last half of the book is a series of President Goodell's 
addresses. "How the Pay of a Regiment w^as carried to New 
Orleans" is one of the best stories of the war. The opening 
characterization of war and of the soldier has never been sur- 
passed. The "Channel Islands" is a fine picture of a wonderful 
speck of land. "The Influence of the Monks on Agriculture" 
is a very interesting historical study. His address on Captain 
Walter M. Dickinson shows his great heart and his warm ap- 
preciation of the soldier's ideals. The other addresses epitomize 
the history of the agricultural colleges and experiment stations. 

The author of this memoir. Rev. Calvin Stebbins, has kept 
himself too much in the background. In many places he might 
well have helped us to read between the lines of letter or address. 
Possibly he has refrained from fear that, if he did justice to his 
subject, he might be accused of writing eulogy rather than bi- 
ography. The fear is perhaps not altogether unwise. For very 
few men have amassed such a host of loyal, loving, and enthusiastic 
friends as President Henry Hill Goodell. 



THE AMHERST '96 PATAGONIAN EXPEDITION 239 



SIi? Aml|prst Arttu^ 



THE AMHERST '96 PATAGONIAN EXPEDITION 

FREDERICK B. LOOMIS 

OF all the fields for studying fossil animals, the one most 
alluring and attracting most universal interest is Pata- 
gonia; because the South American land animals have, 
as a result of the long period of isolation while South America 
was geographically and therefore zoologically independent of 
North America (a period of over a million years), developed into 
a peculiar and aberrant fauna, of which the sloth, the armadillo, 
and the ant-eater are living representatives. In earlier times, 
before the Isthmus of Panama connected North and South Amer- 
ica, and allowed such modern forms as the puma and jaguar, 
the fox and wild dogs, the deer and guanaco, etc., to invade the 
south and exterminate its earlier forms, the number of the peculiar 
types was vastly larger. This ancient fauna, the conditions under 
which it lived and which caused its development, the progress of 
its modifications, and its original source, have been and are prob- 
lems of great and world-wide interest. The w^hole matter, more- 
over, has been complicated by the first survey made of the country. 
This was made by the scientist Carl Ameghino, who, covering 
the whole vast area of Patagonia, made the first notes on the 
geology and collected the first fossils. From his notes and col- 
lections, about 1900, his brother Florintino Ameghino, described 
the country, assigned an age to each of the geological formations, 
and described the fossils. The ages assigned to the beds were 
in all cases so much earlier than those of beds in other parts of 
the world from which animals of similar grade of development 
have come that he concluded the animals, in each case, to have 
been ancestral to related forms in other parts. Judging from 
his genealogical trees, almost every family of animals, including 
man, originated in South America. There has been wide seep- 



240 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

ticism of nearly all these geological dates and relationships, 
so that it has been eminently desirable to have comparative 
studies made, and to have some of the material on which they 
are based in North American and European museums. 

In 1900 Princeton University sent an expedition to Patagonia, 
which started from the Straits of Magellan and worked some 
400 miles northward, studying the later formations, finding a 
wealth of fossils of a highly specialized character, and concluding 
that instead of Eocene in age, they were Miocene {i.e., later than 
first estimated by about one million years). The beds they dis- 
covered, the so-called Santa Cruz beds, became famous and were 
visited by the American Museum, the British Museum, and others. 
The underlying beds, however, with their more important though 
less abundant fossils, had never been studied except for the hasty 
survey of Ameghino, though it is from the lower and earlier beds 
that the fossils must come, to settle the problems above mentioned. 
These are exposed throughout the territory of Chubut, and it 
was here that the Amherst expedition desired to go. 

On the occasion of its fifteenth reunion the Class of '96 said, 
"Go." A party was organized, composed of F. B. Loomis, '96, 
W. Shumway, '11, P. L. Turner, '12, and Mr. William Stein, an 
experienced collector from St. Joe, Wyoming, who went as cook 
and horse-wrangler. Immediately after the reunion, on July 
3, the party sailed from New York directly for Buenos Aires, 
taking with it a wagon, harnesses, tent, tools, etc. The voyage 
was uneventful. At Buenos Aires we had to wait nine days for 
a boat to the south, during which time we visited the museum 
at La Plata, where the fossils of Argentine are well exhibited; 
but, while admiring the superb collections from the north of the 
Republic, we were disappointed not to find anything from the 
region we were about to visit. This meant we had no exact 
localities to which to go, for in his descriptions Ameghino referred 
to specimens as found "in Chubut," which territory is about 
five hundred miles long and half as wide. On the way out to 
La Plata we saw from the car windows, as evidence of the un- 
usual drought which Argentine had experienced the preceding 
summer and fall, hundreds of carcasses of cattle lying in the 
fields where they had died of starvation. While in Buenos Aires, 
through the assistance of Baron Patterson, we secured several 



THE AMHERST '96 PATAGONIAN EXPEDITION 241 

letters of introduction to people throughout Chubut, especially 
four from the Secretary of Interior to the Governors of Rio Negro, 
Chubut, Santa Cruz, and Terra del Fuego. 

On August 9 we sailed for Puerto Madryn, where we expected 
to buy horses and make a start. Fate willed otherwise. Suitable 
horses were not to be found, so we loaded our equipment upon a 
flat car of the Narrow Gauge Railroad, and went forty miles to 
Trelew. While at Madryn, we found a prehistoric Indian camp 
site, from which we gathered a good set of stone arrow-heads, 
knives, bola-balls, hammer stones, anvils, etc. All through the 
succeeding trip stone implements were picked up, and a large 
number were presented by the people with whom we became 
acquainted. In the bluffs back of the town we found a good 
quantity of marine shells, especially those of various kinds of 
oysters, one in particular of great size, often a foot in diameter and 
three inches in thickness. This fossil species is so characteristic 
that, through all the five hundred miles of escarpment which we fol- 
lowed, it was the best criterion for identifying the horizon of the 
rocks, from which those above and below could be estimated. 

In Trelew we found good horses among the Welsh farmers who 
occupy the Chubut Valley and irrigate from the river. This is 
the only river for over six hundred miles big enough to supply water 
the year through ; and it is not imposing. W'e bought two horses 
for the wagon and three for riding. To the people of Chubut it 
was not credible that two horses could pull our wagon. It is 
the custom of the country to hitch in three as a minimum, and, if 
the wagon is loaded, six or more. Usually, they take a "troupe" 
of horses, changing off frequently. However, in spite of any 
amount of unasked advice, and prophecies of failure, we started 
off August 30, reaching Rawson the first night. This is the cap- 
ital of the territory, and here I received a letter from the Governor 
to all officials, police, etc., directing them to assist us wherever 
possible. This was of great value to us. Giving us at once a 
status, it removed suspicions of an ulterior motive and opened 
to us the great hospitality of the natives. Next morning, with 
a policeman mounted on a mule as a temporary guide, we climbed 
out of the river valley upon the great pampa, extending a thousand 
miles from the Rio Negro in the north to the Straits of Magellan, 
and from the coast back to the Andes. This pampa begins 



242 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

either right at, or within fifteen miles of, the coast, the land 
rising in a great step, or escarpment, from sea-level up to the plain 
800 to 1,000 feet above, and then stretching away in a slightly 
undulating treeless prairie. It is covered with bushes of several 
kinds and sizes, but all thorny, between which are bunches of 
the pampa grass (two to three feet high where we saw it) and a 
very little ordinary grass. There are escarpments where the 
pampa is cut by the few rivers and the great one parallel to the 
coast. Along these we did much of our work. 

For two months our material finds were very meagre, until 
back of Puerto Visser we came upon an extensive petrified forest. 
For a mile in length and 200 to 300 feet in width — that is the 
width of the shelf on the bluff where the silicified wood lay — the 
ground was so thickly strewn with logs and weathered fragments 
that the place looked like an enormous wood-yard. This illusion 
was the more complete, as the fossil wood was of the yellow-brown 
color characteristic of modern wood. There seemed to be about 
six varieties of pine- and palm-like woods, of which a careful 
collection was made, all being, so far as has been yet discovered, 
unknown. Besides this set of woods, there were found three 
or four other sorts from the marine beds which carried the big 
oysters, and another collection from over on the Chico River, 
making at least a dozen varieties, most of which are probably 
new. 

^Vhile here, reports came to us of the finding of a fossil bone 
over on the Chico River, some thirty miles inland. The expedi- 
tion accordingly moved over there, found the man-with-a-bone, 
and learned from which hill it had come. Only a few minutes 
were required, after we reached the hill, to show us that a rich 
locality was before us. The mesa-like hill was only about half 
a mile long, with an escarpment of perhaps one hundred feet 
in height all round. It was composed of irregular beds of clays, 
sands, and volcanic ashes, now fine, now coarse, in which were bits 
of worn and fragmentary bones in abundance, and occasionally a 
complete bone. The hill was evidently a section of an old river- 
bottom. The whole was capped by the marine layer with the 
giant oyster shells. The fluvial deposits had been made on land, 
and apparently about two million years ago. Then the land had 
gradually sunk and been covered with hundreds of feet of marine 



THE AMHERST '96 PATAGONIAN EXPEDITION 243 

sands, etc. ; again the land rose, and our hill was carved from the 
great mass by the action of the Chico River, so that its buried 
fossils are to-day re-exposed about eight hundred feet above sea- 
level. A few small fragments of bone strewn on the surface of 
the side of the hill would be the " lead," and, following this upward, 
one always hoped to find the end of the bone from which the frag- 
ments had been weathered. WTien found, it is the "prospect," 
which is then carefully uncovered to see how extensive the find is. 
Before being buried, bones were pretty well scattered by the car- 
nivors of that day, so it is only very seldom that a prospect develops 
into a complete skeleton. The bones were without such infil- 
trated filling of quartz or lime as usually occurs, so that, while 
intact as when buried, they were fragile and soft, and had suffered 
more or less from w^eathering. It was necessary to harden them 
before trying to lift them. This is done by saturating them with 
a thin solution of shellac, followed by a second and third, or 
more, if necessary. Next they are bandaged with narrow strips 
of cloth dipped in flour paste, making, when dry, a firm package, 
which could be worked around and dug out. Within a day every 
one had two or three prospects, and each man had begun work 
on a skull. For a month we w^orked on this hill, getting a col- 
lection of four more or less complete skeletons, twenty-four 
skulls, over one hundred jaws, a large quantity of miscellaneous 
limb bones, etc. They represent animals ranging in size from 
rodents as small as mice up to an elephant-like creature, two- 
thirds as large as the living elephant; and include early members 
of the monkey, armadillo, horse, and guinea-pig families, birds, and 
a large number of extinct types, especially some heavy herbivores 
with a rhinoceros-like build, with broad grinding teeth in the 
back of the jaw, but with curved incisors, almost like those of 
rodents, in the front of the jaw. The biggest single find was of 
a complete skull and jaws, thirty-eight inches in length, of an 
animal belonging to the elephant family, closely resembling the 
Palaeomastodon from the Eocene of Egypt, and considered to be 
the ancestor of the modern elephants. This would suggest that 
some of the South American animals originally came from Africa. 
The small monkeys, however, are similar to those found in the 
Eocene of North America, as are also the horse and the extinct 
herbivores, so that, with the exception noted, it would appear, 



244 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

from this hasty field observation, that North America was the 
source of the greater part of the fauna found. The age of the 
fossils seems to be late Eocene rather than Upper Cretaceous, as 
designated by Ameghino. This, however, is tentative, the exact 
age and relationships remaining to be determined by a detailed 
study of the fossils brought, not only of the bones, but also of 
the shells from the marine beds above and below. 

Here was also found an Indian grave, with a complete adult 
skeleton, parts of a second adult, and remains of a very young, 
probably new-born child. The incomplete adult skeleton seemed 
to be very much older, and the bones were found only in the 
corners of the grave, so that we judged that an early burial had 
been made, then the grave opened, the bones of the first occupant 
thrown out, and a second burial of a mother and child made. This 
is unusual, but no other interpretation seems to fit the findings. 

On the top of this hill a considerable collection of shark's 
teeth and marine shells was also made, together with a fragmentary 
skeleton of a dolphin. 

After freighting our collections to Puerto Visser and packing 
them, the party proceeded to Comodoro Rivadavia and thence 
south to Mazaredo, in which region a few more teeth and jaws 
were found and a rich set of marine fossils assembled. After 
going on as far as the Deseado River, we turned back to Comodoro 
Rivadavia, where we sold horses, wagon, etc.; shipped for Buenos 
Aires, arriving in a week; and thence back by way of London, ar- 
riving in New York February 7. 

During the trip in Patagonia we surveyed sections, at intervals, 
along five hundred miles of the coastal escarpment, travelled with 
the wagon about eight hundred miles, and much more on horse- 
back. Besides the collections above mentioned, we have the 
surveys and samples for data in studying the ages of the various 
levels of the rocks and their contained fossils. At date of 
writing about one-half of the material has reached Amherst, the 
rest being somewhere in transit. 



A COADJUTOR OF FOUR COLLEGES 245 

A COADJUTOR OF FOUR COLLEGES* 

ARTHUR J. HOPKINS 

TO rejoice in the lalior of one's own hands was long ago writ- 
ten as man's great reward. It is a joy also to plan and, 
having planned, to fashion, — to shape plain matter, wood 
or iron, into the intricate connected form which shall express and 
reflect the mental picture; and, finally, to see the plan succeed. 
Such linked sequence of joys comes to a man perhaps once only 
in a lifetime, and he is satisfied. One such success distinguishes 
him among his fellows. 

But there lives among us here in Amherst one to whom this 
distinction and this joy has come so often, in his labor as mechani- 
cian, that an account of his most pronounced triumphs is here 
presented as partial acknowledgment of the debt which is owed him. 
The alumni of the four colleges in this little valley are grateful 
to Mr. Edmund A. Thompson, who, now at the age of nearly three 
score and ten, devotes his time largely to the planning of scien- 
tific apparatus. 

He was born August 4, 1843, in Belfast, Me., of a family of 
sailors. Before he was nineteen years old, he was variously occu- 
pied, — as a sailor, as a pedler of notions, in a shipyard, in a tin- 
shop, as carriage decorator, as apprentice to a watch-maker, and 
as foreman in a shoe factory. From 1864 to 1871 his home was in 
Milford, Mass., where he was pattern-maker in a straw-hat firm. 
In 1872 he came to Amherst as superintendent of the old Hood 
shop, and later was partner in the firm of Fearing & Co., 
manufacturers of straw hats. He then w^ent to Providence, 
R.I., as mechanic with the well-known firm of Brown & Sharpe, 
tool manufacturers. Returning to Amherst, he served for a short 
time as mechanician for the Physics Department of Amherst 
College, and later opened a repair shop in the town. The ordi- 

* Amherst activities are not all on the surface. To keep things moving accurately, effi- 
ciently, and with up-to-date appliances and methods, countless plans and devices are con- 
stantly taking shape, of which neither students nor alumni, and few even of the professors, 
are aware. It seems fitting, therefore, to give our readers some account of one of our Am- 
herst neighbors whose inventive skill is abundantly in evidence in the four colleges, Amherst, 
Massachusetts Agricultural, Smith, and Mount Hoiyoke. Acknowledgment is not eulogy, 
but simple justice. — Ed. 



246 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

nary business of this successful industry is ably conducted by his 
son and other assistants, which makes it possible for him to devote 
his time largely to the exercise of his peculiar creative skill. 

On his first arrival in Amherst as a comparatively young man, 
Mr. Thompson realized the advantages presented by contact with 
the two colleges. Without special advantages of education, he 
began under Professor Goessmann at the Agricultural College 
a course in metallurgy; and later, under Professor E. P. Harris, 
a course in qualitative analysis; supplemented on his own part 
by a course in quantitative analysis. He then actually mastered 
Dana's System of Mineralogy under Professor Emerson. All 
this was for power. While other young men were busying them- 
selves with the pleasures of the passing show, Thompson was 
laboring far into the night in these abstract fields of staggering 
difficulty. To the professors who were his friends and aided him 
at this time he is still very grateful. The companionship still 
holds. Though he claims no diploma, — not even a certificate 
of attainments, — he is welcomed in the little circle of scientific 
men. From the inception of the Amherst Scientific Club he has 
been a constituent member. No honorary degree has been 
granted him, yet his reward has been great, — "to rejoice in the 
labor of his own hands"; nay, more, to have good friends rejoice 
with him. 

Such additional labor as he has devoted to science has enriched 
his mechanical ability and is now available many fold. With his 
keen analysis the problems of apparatus construction fade away, 
for, back in the cabinet of his experience, will always be found a 
pigeon-hole where some amazing trick of mechanics used long ago 
is applicable, though perhaps in entirely new surroundings. Mr. 
Thompson works as successfully with the smallest Swiss watch 
as with a fifty horse -power dynamo. He knows the best stain for 
an instrument box; he has cut the brass business-signs about the 
town, and knows the secret of the dead-black between the letters. 
He analyzed the wire upon which Brown & Sharpe turned out 
their famous "B & S" screws; and, according to the specifications 
based upon these analyses, orders of thousands of tons of wire 
were filled. When one of our scientists wants information upon 
construction, he has to write Boston, New York, or Chicago, or 
try to find it in the library. Such are the methods in common 



A COADJUTOR OF FOUR COLLEGES 247 

practice elsewhere: here we just sit down in the little shop back 
of the bank and talk with "Uncle Eddie." In him one finds per- 
sonally illustrated the rare combination of mechanical ability with 
the scientific habit of mind, — power to use the principles of the 
science in which he is working. I have said that this is rare. The 
mechanician at Johns Hopkins, Schneider, who worked with 
Rowland on his famous gratings, had it. Weber, who has been 
working at the University of Chicago, seems to have it. We 
find it in a few Germans, undoubtedly. And here we have it so 
ready and varied, and so close at home! It is of immense ser- 
vice to our College. When you find one of our expert staff — 
in botany, physics, biology, or what it may be — consulting with 
our builder of instruments, you may know some new thing is 
about to come into being. 

Of course, the greatest interest is always in new things; and 
in the face of these new problems Mr. Thompson shi-inks not, but 
rejoices. A familiar passage of Scripture describes the war-horse: 

"He smelleth the battle afar off; . . . 
He paweth in the valley, and rejoiceth in his strength." 

It is not too graphic a portrayal of Thompson's trembling interest 
in a new creation of inventive skill. 

Professor Wilder, Amherst, '86, of the Department of Biology 
at Smith College, has joined his inventive genius with Thompson's 
to the enrichment of his laboratory. So with Professors Stone 
and Hasbrouck at the State College. The self-regulating electric 
ovens at the Experiment Station are Thompson's production. 
Microtomes and electrometers of the very finest construction 
and delicacy are to be found in our laboratories from this same 
hand. Dean Olds gives this instance of his intuitive skill: — 

"x\ number of years since, on my return from Germany, I 
brought w^ith me an account of some thread models of geometrical 
surfaces, W'hich I had seen in Gottingen. Such models have 
since become very familiar, but at that time they w^ere new. 
One day, in a talk with Mr. Thompson, I described to him the 
model of the hyperbolic paraboloid, and expressed the wish that 
the Mathematics Department at Amherst might possess one. 
Immediately, with that easy confidence which rests upon no atom 
of conceit, but only upon the consciousness of skill tried out in 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

many crises, he said that he would undertake to make it. In 
the course of time it was done, rivalling in every detail, and sur- 
passing in many ways, the models made in Germany. It had 
been constructed, it should be remembered, after a mere de- 
scription given by a man with no mechanical hand, eye, or vocab- 
ulary." 

Professor Emerson, for the Department of Geology, has had 
Mr. Thompson construct some remarkably clear models. One 
illustrates the faulting of the Triassic beds in the Connecticut 
Valley, so that "all the beds are shifted harmoniously into the 
faulted position in a way closely resembling the actual occurrence 
in nature." Another, a very ingenious lattice-device, was made 
by various movements to illustrate all the crystal systems. ' There 
is a model of triclinic twining "involving all the complex mechan- 
ism of a bank lock"; there is a raised map of the Connecticut 
Valley which was first cast in wax, then in plaster, and then re- 
produced exactly in papier-mache. Very ingenious, too, is a 
simple ruling device which draws parallel lines, at any determined 
distance apart, — an instrument considered superior to anything 
of the kind on the market. 

The writer has now under construction a balance for the use 
of first-year men in the chemical laboratory which has certain 
novel mechanical features, due to this ever productive mind. 

Professor Stone, of the Botanical Department of the Massa- 
chusetts Agricultural College, has engaged Mr. Thompson's 
services for the past fifteen to twenty years in constructing special 
appliances on original lines. He says: — 

. "For many years we have not considered it necessary to draw 
out a detailed plan of anything we wanted him to construct for 
us, giving him simply the general idea and trusting to him for the 
minor details. Even when given the details, he has seldom fol- 
lowed them, as he always has had something better to suggest 
than what was presented to him. Whatever he suggests is sure 
to be highly original and very practical, and of the simplest and 
best type of construction. 

"I myself have fairly good knowledge of the ai)])liances used 
in various branches of science, as well as of those used in different 
industries, and also have considerable knowledge of mechanics 
and of the ability and skill of our American mechanics. I am now 



A COADJUTOR OF FOUR COLLf:GES 2-40 

glad of the opportunity to emphasize the statement tliat Mr. 
Thompson as a general meelianie is practically unexcelled in the 
whole United States. The work he has done on microscopic 
lenses, particularly those of very high power, such as 1/18 oil- 
immersion lenses, is simply marvellous. There are only a few 
men in the United States who could be trusted with the read- 
justment and polishing of these high-power lenses. Mr. Thomp- 
son, by means of his wonderful technique and knowledge, has 
repaired a number of these for different institutions, showing 
a skill possessed by only a few men living. 

"It is amazing to contemplate the number of lines with which 
his mind has been occupied for the past fifty years. If he had 
fixed his attention on a few lines of research rather than on many, 
he would be much more widely known, as are Alvan Clark & Son, 
who made a specialty of telescope lenses. While he has the 
patience and tenacity of purpose to work on a single subject for 
an indefinite period, he preferred to work on broader lines, giving 
his ideas freely on all occasions." 

Professor Todd, as is well known, found INIr. Thompson's 
ability invaluable, so much so that these two men have travelled 
together already on two eclipse expeditions sent out from Amherst 
College, one in 1896 to Japan and the second in 1905 to Tripoli. 
Mr. Todd says: "I wish there were space to tell about his quaint 
ex])eriences, . . . about what he has done for the college observa- 
tories, both old and new : polishing lenses, inserting spider-line ret- 
icles, and building comj^licated designs of instruments of every 
sort. No device taken to him ever left his shop without betterment 
by his genius, whether of head or hand. With his keen interest in 
new problems ever fresh and unfailing, he is to-day the best known 
and most popular citizen of a town that is proud to claim his 
residence, and he is ever the helpful sort of man that nature will 
some kind day let live to five score years and ten." 

Finally, it will not be surprising that a certain measure of 
artistic power is found added to the more evident mechanical 
ability. All of Thompson's metal-work has artistic lines. He 
has already turned out in plastic two busts of members of the 
Amherst Faculty and produced sketches and paintings showing 
ability and artistic appreciation. 

Some men by their personal power, coupled with an uncon- 



250 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

querable ambition, have achieved success. Here is one who, 
having forgotten ambition, has passed to those quieter fields 
where he is content to submit, without the art of the promoter, 
the vahie of his achievements to the sober judgment of the world 
— and be satisfied. 

History traces the uplift of primitive peoples through a long 
catalogue of political upheavals; but, as races develop, the newer 
history is recording the progress of civilization in terms of material 
advancement and mechanical invention. In our own day the 
popularizing of the sewing-machine, of the bicycle, and the auto- 
mobile, the daily use of electrical devices and the introduction of 
advanced agricultural methods, have done for progress as much as 
and more than the American Revolution or our Civil War. As 
our people advance in intelligence, political methods, popular 
in the past, become obsolete : they are too crude to keep pace with 
the higher achievements of the creative human mind. He who 
can lead in such mental victories, who stands as an exemplar of 
human power over inanimate matter, who can teach the people 
of four colleges how by patience and intelligent understanding of 
scientific laws one can attain to success in lines which are open 
to the ordinary American citizen, has earned the tribute not only 
of admiration for inventive genius, but of gratitude from the men 
and departments of science that have availed themselves of his 
aid. 

WINTER SPORTS AT AMHERST 

PERCY R. CARPENTER 

WITH the approach of the Easter vacation the various 
teams taking part in winter sports have rounded out 
their schedules. While no team has established a partic- 
ularly brilliant record, it has been on the whole a season of good 
average results. 

Hockey. — On December 4 the hockey candidates were called 
out, and about thirty men reported to Captain Siblej\ Indoor 
work in the gymnasium and cross-country walks constituted the 
preliminary training till ice came with the arrival of cold weather. 



WINTER SPORTS AT AMHERST 251 

Captain Sibley, '12, at coverpoiiit, and S. 1*. Wilcox, '13, at right 
wing, were the only veterans from the team of the previous year, 
while Miller, '12, Swanton, '13, Benedict, '13, Slocum, '13, Kim- 
ball, '14, and Seymour, '14, had had experience with the squad. 
Rivard, '14, entered college, and was also available. The squad 
was handicapped by lack of ice, and the first game with Cornell 
was cancelled. On January 6, after only a few days on the ice, 
the first game was lost to Springfield Training School, 6 to 1, 
the visitors proving sujjerior in team work and sjoeed. The 
following week, however, the team showed a marked advance in 
team play, and defeated Trinity 3 to 0. The first game with 
Williams, at Amherst, went to the visitors, 5 to 2. While the 
Amherst team showed more ability than in the Trinity game, 
they were not equal to the speedy team from Williams. The 
Amherst team was badly disorganized after mid-year examina- 
tions by the loss of Seymour and Benedict. Madden, '12, and 
Cook, '12, from the Football Team were pressed into service and 
tried out in the game with M. I. T., which was lost 4 to 0, owing 
largely to the inexperience of the new material. A week later 
a 3-0 defeat was sustained from the M. A. C. team, which was the 
fastest aggregation seen at the rink this winter. Their team 
work and skating were unusually good, and a much larger score 
would have resulted except for the good work of Kimball at 
goal. On February 16 the team journeyed to WVst Point and 
played a tie game, 1 to 1. The ice was very soft and slushy, and 
good work was impossible. On good ice the Amherst team 
would have had little difficulty in winning. The work of Cook 
at wing showed much improvement. The following day a poor 
season was brought to a successful close when the team took the 
second game from Williams on their own rink, 3 to 0. The team 
showed the best form of the season, and the team work of Wilcox 
and Miller in the forward line, which was all that could be desired, 
accounted largely for the successful result. 

Swimming Team. — The candidates for the swimming team 
reported to Professor Nelligan in December, and work began in 
the Pratt Natatorium. From last year's team there were avail- 
able Captain Carter, '13, Collins, '13, Loomis, '13, Brough, '14, 
and Whittemore, '14. From the squad of the previous year 



252 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

Babbott, '13, Jenkins, '13, Bixby, '13, and Bedford, '14, were 
promising candidates. The Interclass contest was won by the 
Juniors, and the material looked promising for a successful 
season. 

The first Intercollegiate contest of the year was held with 
Cornell at Amherst, February 16, and the visitors won a close 
victory, 27 to 26. The result w^as in doubt until the last event, 
but the lead gained by the Cornell team in winning the relay was 
too great for the Amherst men to overcome. Captain Carter 
scored eight points, while Whittemore and Collins captured the 
fancy diving and the plunge for distance for Amherst. 

The following week the team went to New York, and lost a 
meet to Columbia, 35 to 18. Carter again was high scorer for 
Amherst with six points, while Whittemore took his usual first 
in diving and Collins divided first honors in the plunge for distance 
with a Columbia rival. 

On March 2 the team travelled to Providence, and lost the 
meet to the strong Brown team, 40 to 22. Whittemore and 
Collins again captured their specialties, while Captain Carter 
added seven points to the total with two seconds and a third 
place. 

The Triangular meet with Amherst, Williams, and Brown at 
Amherst closed the season on March 9. This was won by Brown 
with 403^ points, Amherst with 23, took second, while Williams 
scored 123/^. This meet was noted for the fast times made, all 
Amherst records and one Triangular meet record being broken. 
Amherst's only first place w^as in the dive, which was won by 
Whittemore, with Bedford second. Loomis was high scorer for 
Amherst, with two second places. 

Track. — The track team candidates were called out by Pro- 
fessor Nelligan after the Christmas vacation, and work began 
on the board track for the relay season. About thirty men re- 
ported with Captain Miles, of whom Wadhams, '13, was the only 
veteran from the relay team of the previous year. Captain ]\Iiles, 
whose event has been the pole vault, developed rapidly, and easily 
proved the fastest man on the team. The first race with Brown, 
at the B. A. A. games in Boston, February 10, was won by Brown 
by a few yards, owing to a lead secured in the first relay which 



WINTER SPORTS AT AMHERST 25^ 

the other Amherst men could not overcome. The time, how- 
ever, 3.10i, was seven seconds faster than the time of the previous 
year. 

On February 17, at the Cohimbia relay games in New York, 
the Amherst team was in the class with Fordham, Georgetown, 
C. C. N. Y., Swarthmore, Wesleyan, and M. A. C. Cole, '15, 
was eligible this semester, and took the place of DeCastro, '14. 
Amherst got a poor start on the first relay, but managed to run 
well up toward the front until the last relay, when Fordham went 
into the lead and ]M. A. C. managed to squeeze into second place 
in the last few yards, leaving Amherst in third place. At the 
Hartford Armory games, March 1, Amherst was matched against 
the Columbia relay team and won out in a pretty race. Cole, '15, 
handed over a lead of six yards at the end of the first relay, which 
Captain ^Sliles increased to nine, and Wadhams and Parsons main- 
tained this advantage to the end. Huthsteiner, '14, took third 
in the high jump at 5' 1", and Orr took third in the broad jump. 

Gymnastic Team. — About thirty-five candidates started to 
work for the gymnastic team in November with Captain Marsh, 
'13, C. Hubbard, '12, Campbell, '12, Caldwell, '13, Proctor, '13, 
available from last year's team. After the preliminary training, 
exhibitions were given at Williston, Northampton, and Exeter. 
The Brown team was entertained at Amherst, February 24, in a 
dual exhibition, and on February 28 the team held a dual meet 
with Harvard at Cambridge, and won 42 to 12, winning all first 
places but one. Caldwell with ten points and Captain Marsh 
with eight were high scorers for Amherst. On March 2 the 
Princeton team came to Amherst for the Ladd Exhibition. The 
gymnastic teams have shown great improvement the past few 
years, and the prospects are bright for the team next year, as- 
only two men will be lost by graduation. 



254 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



®!|p Snnk Sabb 



A College Text-book of Physics. Arthur L. Kimball, Professor of Physics in 
Amherst College. New York: Henry Holt & Co. 

Professor Kimball's text-book is frankly non-mathematical. Its widest ex- 
cursion into the mathematical field is the use of a few indispensable sine and cosine 
terms in some of the formulae, and by this omission of long analytical proofs it 
gains in certain ways and necessarily loses in others. In the reviewer's opinion, 
for the purposes of the book the gain decidedly outweighs the loss, while the text 
itself presents an appearance quite different from that of the usual college 
text-book, and altogether pleasing. 

Physics is an exact science, of closely related parts, and a knowledge of it 
which is to be at all thorough requires a considerable amount of rigid analysis 
in establishing its fundamental propositions, the proofs themselves often requiring 
a knowledge of mathematics, at least as far as the calculus. In the advanced text- 
book such proofs may be presented directly, and usually are, without scrutiny of 
method, other than to choose the shortest. In the elementary volume, if not 
omitted altogether, they must be disguised or evaded by more or less awkward 
makeshifts. In a text-book for a general course in physics the most direct 
methods of proof are often unavailable, simply because the student has not a 
sufficient knowledge of mathematics; and substitutes for direct and rigid proofs, 
though often testifying to the ingenuity of the contriver, are time-consuming 
and repellent to the student as well as unsatisfactory to the teacher who knows 
that something better exists. 

In this way the pages of manj- otherwise excellent text-books become very 
dull and even difficult reading. Further, when the student may be assumed to 
have adequate mathematical preparation, it is a great temptation to authors to 
use symbolic methods freely for the sake of conciseness, and to insert minor dem- 
onstrations for the sake of completeness. The result is that to the student the 
volume thus constructed seems like a text-book of applied mathematics. His 
prior study of mathematics having usually led him to think of mathematics as 
an end in itself and not at all as a tool, it is not surprising that the mathematical 
aspect of the matter appears the larger, and the rest of secondary importance. 
The physical forest is invisible because of the overpowering number of uninteresting 
and quite unconvincing mathematical trees. 

Thus, by omitting elaborate analyses. Professor Kimball's volume gains greatly 
in readableness. Whether the corresponding loss of logical completeness is to 
be considered serious or not depends on the extent and purpose of the course in 
physics which the teacher, using the book, has in mind. For a general course for 
students who do not intend to pursue the subject further, or its dependencies, 
it seems to the reviewer that the omission is fully justified. The space set free 



THE BOOK TABLE 255 

has been utilized for the incorporation of a very large amount of matter, mueh 
more than is found in the usual college text-book of comparable size, and this 
adds greatly to the attractiveness of the book and its value as a general text. 

Passing from general to particular mention, the reviewer notes with pleasure 
the clear and accurate definitions, especially of fundamental quantities. The 
topics of the units of force and mass, always so puzzling to the student, are presented 
briefly, yet with much skill. The gravitational system of units, so firmly in- 
trenched in engineering, appears to have rather scant consideration in a single 
paragraph, while the obsolete poundal receives rather more attention than its 
present importance warrants. It may also be pointed out that the stated value 
of 746 watts for the horse-power is exact only for a particular value of g, and not 
a constant, as might be readily assumed by the reader in the absence of proof. 

The limitations of the algebraic method are well illustrated in the familiar 
demonstration of the moment of inertia of a straight rod; but at the same time 
there is a definiteness in an algebraic summation which is an undeniable advantage, 
since to most students an integration is a sort of sleight-of-hand performance 
without much concrete meaning, if any. 

In discussing the phenomena of reflection and refraction, wave-fronts and 
rays are employed as most convenient, the discussion passing easily from one to 
the other. Of course, the ray has logically no place in modern optics, but it is 
still a helpful conception, and the fundamental propositions of geometrical optics 
are quite as well demonstrated by rays as by wave-fronts, and are decidedly easier 
for the student to comprehend. Professor Kimball, however, wisely inserts an 
occasional diagram in which the wave- front is pictured. 

The application of Faraday tubes and the displacement theory to the explana- 
tion of various electrostatic phenomena is brief, but clear. No mention is made 
of the present corpuscular theory of the nature of electricity. The topics of 
radio-acti\nty and the discharge of electricity through gases are discussed with 
admirable restraint and kept within their due proportion of space. The rather 
unusual form of the calculation (p. 514) of the efficiency of power transmission 
as affected by line voltage will probably puzzle the student, for the idea of counter 
electro-motive force on which it is based is very briefly stated, and is moreover 
unnecessary in this case. 

There are a few trifling errors in the book. The overshot wheel (p. 142) loses 
much of its burden before the buckets reach bottom, and the inefficiency of the 
wheel is not wholly chargeable to friction. Joule's classic experiments (p. 296) 
led him to the value of 772 foot-pounds as the mechanical equivalent of one pound- 
degree, the later value 778 coming from the work of Rowland and others. The 
hypermetropic eye (p. 610) is called presbyopic. To the names of Branly, Hum- 
phry Davy, Gay-Lussac, Junker, Kirchhoff, and Musschenbroek are given un- 
authorized spellings, some of which may be due to the printer. 

The typography is clear, and the illustrations uniformly excellent. The prob- 
lems which are abundantly scattered through the text differ in gratifying degree 
from the stereotyped forms, and are not too easy. Altogether Professor Kimball 
has produced an admirable and attractive text-book. 

Louis Derr, '89. 



256 AMHERSTGRADUATES QUARTERLY 

1895 

Boy^Life and SclJ-governme7it. George Walter Fiske, Professor of Practical 
Theology in Oberlin Theological Seminary, Oberlin College, Ohio. New York: 
Young Men's Christian Association Press. 1910. 

Boys act as condiments in the home life. They spice it up. They enliven 
the maternal routine. They playfully interrupt the paternal programme. Some- 
times they are the salt which we never notice, but which makes the steak taste 
so rich and juicy. Sometimes they are the pepper which gets in our eyes and 
nose, and makes us sneeze and cough up primitive language. Their Indian yells 
are the tunings-up of domestic harmonies. 

The problem of progress is to make men rationally conscious of the things 
which are present with them. It is easy enough to be conscious of what we miss. 
Witness the stolen watch or the lost meal! Apples fell in the time of Adam, but 
Newton was the first man to be rationally conscious of the fact. Slums existed 
in ancient Babylon, but we are just beginning to be rationally conscious of them, 
and therefore to alleviate them. To be rationally conscious means to become 
scientifically conscious. The more ubiquitous a fact is, the less likely we are to 
be rationally conscious of it. Boys are ubiquitous. Consequently we have neg- 
lected them. A few have become conscious of them. Mr. Fiske is one who grew 
scientifically curious about them. 

The novel metaphor at the opening of the book focuses one's attention at 
once on the question. James and Jimmie stand for the duality in boyhood nature. 
James is the lad who goes to church in a white collar, and says "Yes'm" to com- 
pany, and "Thank you!" to his grandma. Jimmie is the same boy, who smokes 
corn-silk behind the barn, says "Yep" to the "fellahs," and bangs the door in 
his sister's face. As his mother knows him, he is James: as the gang knows him, 
he is Jimmie. James is the gentleman : Jimmie is the barbarian. You see James: 
you hear Jimmie. You discover James: Jimmie reveals himself. The problem 
is the welding of these into Jim, the manly, four-square youth. If there is no 
Jimmie, James must be set on fire. If James is lacking, Jimmie needs toning 
down. If Jim follows too soon upon Jimmie, we have the "hooligan"; if too 
late, we have the "hoodlum." There is manliness in both Jimmie and James; 
develop it into the manhood of Jim. 

What is this boy? James, Jimmie, and Jim are merely names of a cross- 
section of humanity. What is the permanent place of the boy in the race.' Evo- 
lution whispers the only answer. "Ontogenesis recapitulates phylogenesis!" 
That is, the development of the individual parallels the successive stages in the 
progress of the race. As our aquatic ancestry is mirrored in the fish-like develop- 
ment of the human embryo, so our anthropological evolution finds a summary 
and incomplete prototype in the growth of the boy. The psychic and social life 
of the boy recapitulates the psychic and social life of his less civilized progenitors. 
This is called the culture-epochs theory. In boy-life, then, we may find stages 
of savagery, barbarism, and beginning civilization. The author, however, takes 
care to state that this theory cannot be mechanically applied to boys, for more 
powerful than the "push from behind" is the modifying influence of his own present 
environment. 



THE BOOK TABLE 257 

Still, the culture-epochs theory gives us some valuable suggestions regarding 
the consciousness of the boy. The mind of the growing boy is the battle-ground 
of a great variety of instincts inherited from the past. Until recently the wild, 
erratic instincts of the boy were supposed to prove the doctrine of original sin! 
Now, as Mosso says, "What we call instinct is the voice of past generations re- 
verberating like a distant echo in the cells of the nervous system. We feel the 
breath, the advice, the experience of all men, from those who lived on acorns and 
struggled with wild beasts, dying naked in the forests, down to the virtue and toil 
of our father, the fear and love of our mother." The boy instincts are nature's 
method of enabling him to live the centuries of racial experience in a few years. 
Therefore, they have an educative value. Our aim, then, should be, not to suppress 
them, but to guide them; not to destroy them, but to control them. . "In general 
it is best to encourage recapitulation." 

As a pragmatic proof of the culture-epochs theory the author devotes a chap- 
ter to the McDonogh School in Maryland. This is a school with a large forest 
and farm of eight hundred acres, which has tried the novel scheme of consistently 
refusing to interfere with the boys in their play-life. They have thus been free 
to utilize the eight hundred acres and develop their own customs and laws. As 
the result of this, . . . "these McDonogh boys seem to have clearly proved the 
truth of the culture-epochs theory along social, economic and partly governmental 
lines." In this they followed their own instincts. Applying these facts to boy- 
life in general, some very interesting classifications are discovered, each demanding 
particular attention in the matter of club organization. 

A couple of chapters are devoted to the matter of boys' clubs and societies, 
taking up the value and danger of gangs and the problem of mass versus group 
clubs. In closing these. Professor Fiske makes the humble suggestion that "it 
is high time the women got after this girl problem with the same zest and the same 
sense of its vital concern with which the men have given their best attention 
to the boy problem." 

This spark-coil of spluttering and flashing instincts is not only a boy: it is 
a will. As the author uses the term "self-government," he means the development 
of the will, "complete training in self-control and initiative." This is the problem 
of making high ideals dominate outside forces and low ideals in the struggle for 
mastery. A will must be developed, which will make the boy a leader. "The 
ugly chasm between the big-salaried business genius and the low-waged common 
workman is doubtless due to the scarcity of the former and the over-supply of 
the latter," yet "it is certainly true that more boys might become leaders if they 
had suitable encouragement and opportunity for practice." Our primary asset in 
dealing with the boy is that the boy icants to be a man, — in fact, it is this very desire 
that brings on most of his vices. In his chapter o^ " Progressive Self-government" 
the author sketches the problem of gradually withdrawing external influences 
until the boy is able to stand on his own feet, armed with ideals that can meet 
his temptations in a fair fight. On the one hand lies the danger of gi\-ing im- 
mature boys premature liberties; on the other, that of treating the self-reliant 
older boys like little children. In the last analysis, however, he says, "we should 
bear in mind . . . that personality overrides all obstacles in boys' work, and can, 
if sufficiently virile and magnetic, negative all rules and win success against all 
odds, because of sheer personal power and attractiveness." 



258 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

In the chapter on "The Boy's Religion" Professor Fiske brings out the salient 
fact that great and permanent harm has been inflicted on boys because of well- 
meaning people who have tried to graft adult religion upon boy experience. The 
child is naturally religious, natural in his own way. He should be guided through 
the nature-worship of infancy and the myth-making of childhood up to the critical 
period of adolescence. Then he often shakes off the authority of another's reason 
for the authority of his own reason. In adolescence Christ should be presented to 
him, not as a theological shuttle-cock or as a mannish God, but as a human hero, 
a boy's man. The adolescent young man needs a rational basis for his creed, and 
the chances are he will work one out for himself. And here, says the author, lies 
the solution. "The best way to get rid of doubts is not merely to think them 
through, but better, to work them off." This advice is not only practical: it is 
eminently rational. Acted upon, it is worth the price of the book. 

If I had the prestige and authority of parenthood, I should advise parents to 
read the closing chapter, if nothing else. As it is, I must be content to combine 
modesty with emphasis. "Parenthood is a profession." Incidentally, we might 
ask how much the college does toward preparing for this profession, particularly 
along psychological and physiological lines. "Peabody is right in his assertion 
that a boys' club is in most respects only a substitute for the perfect home. . . . 
Given right relations between the home group, and we need not worry for the 
boy." The parents should study the boyish specimen in the home. If they have 
good intelligence, they can be taught to discover whether the boy is defective in 
imagination, observation, memory, etc., and how to remedy such defects. The 
father should have a psychology for the boy. The great point is, other things 
should be subordinated to parenthood, for it is the life calling. 

For the explorer in Boyland this book is not a Baedeker: it is a desirable 
mental equipment. It is not a text-book in boyhood: it is essential collateral 
reading. It is valuable as a sign-post rather than as a road-book. Rules are 
not stated: principles are presented. It does not teach a process: it forms a mental 
background. So much for its purpose, which, as far as it goes, it fulfils excellently. 

In method it is scientific and technical in so far as it applies the theory of evo- 
lution to boy-life. Yet the clearness and conciseness with which it presents this 
popularizes it and widens its scope of influence. It is the kind of a book a student 
of boys can pick up and read with interest — on the train, if need be — in half-hour 
portions. Laurens H. Seelye. 

1863 

Hawaii under King Kalakaua. From personal experiences of Leavitt H. 
Hallock. Why our Flag floats over Oregon; or, The Conquest of our Great North- 
west. Leavitt H. Hallock, D.D. Portland, Me.: Smith & Sale, 1911. 

These two little books, attractively printed and boimd, and with numerous 
half-tone views, come to us under the same date, and with the imprint of a pub- 
lisher in the city where the author resides. The latter, however, as our General 
Catalogue informs us, has been a resident of California, where he was a lecturer 
in Mills College, and received the degree of D.D. from Whitman College, Wash- 
ington, in 1893. The books are not of the ordinary guide-book or historical-in- 



THE BOOK TABLE 259 

formation kind. In close touch with personal experience, they are aglow with the 
enthusiasm of the missionary and with the vivacity of public address. The sub- 
stance of them has doubtless done service as lectures or orations. To this we owe 
their fervid and essentially spoken style. The sketchy treatment, which does 
not dwell upon details, but gives salient aspects and incidents, is of course due to 
the same original manner of presentation. 

The title given to the interesting little book on Hawaii only partly charac- 
terizes it. It is, as the author warns us in the Foreword, "not a guide-book, nor 
a story of to-day." A later paragraph of the Foreword gives its object quite 
effectively: "To turn back a leaf; to recall and retouch the fading negative of 
the dimming yesterday; ... to save from oblivion a people that are passing; to 
review conditions that have already passed, and to outline some natural and 
scenic beauties that will never pass, has been the author's purpose, hoping thus 
to give the reader a pleasing hour, not altogether without profit." "A pleasing 
hour" he indeed gives us, with many graphic and moving touches, in his descrip- 
tions of the natural scenery and of the simple native character now so rapidly 
passing. The "personal experiences" from which he derives his information 
seem to have been the result of a trip made at some undated time not many years 
ago, with the double object of nature and the natives in view. The first half of 
the book, with the chapter title of "San Francisco to Hawaii and a Night with the 
Volcanoes," is a sketchily told tourist account; and, naturally, the night among 
the volcanoes during which "we slept on the crater's edge and my room glowed 
all night with the fires of the pit . . . very near the headquarters of the fire and 
there was no damper!" comes in for the rather thrilling culmination of the story. 
It is in the second half of the book, under the heading "Hawaiian History, Char- 
acter, and Habits of Life," that the reminiscences of the land "under King Ka- 
lakaua" come, — an account in which any consecutive history wherein the monarch 
figures comes very near being conspicuous by its absence. Its place is very 
graphically taken, however, by sketches of early missionary experiences, and the 
story, gathered from Father Coan, of the fearful volcanic eruptions of 1837, 1855, 
and, fearfuUest of all, 1868. These reminiscences, which serve to accentuate the 
simple native character in its transition — one may say transformation — from 
heathenism to Christianity, fitly close and culminate a discursive but vividly 
written book. 

In reading the book, " Why our Flag floats over Oregon," we must needs reckon 
with the fact that this is not dispassionately told history, such as the present 
academic sentiment insists upon, with its formidable apparatus of documents and 
painfully balanced causes and motives: it might rather be called, in Stevenson's 
phrase, "a footnote to history." Like the book on Hawaii, it takes its stand in 
the present with its wonderful advance in wealth, enterprise, and prosperity, and 
looks back to the pioneer beginnings. Like that, too, it seeks to give generous 
due to missionary energy and foresight. The story, while less sketchy and dis- 
cursive than the other, is not less enthusiastic. It centres in the "keen discern- 
ment and quick heroism" of the missionary Dr. Marcus Whitman, who in 
1842-43 saw the danger of our losing the Northwest to England, and crossed the 
continent in almost incredible hardship to apprise the government at Washington 



^60 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

of the state of affairs. Tfie writer has recounted the thrilling journey, setting 
■over against it as a background the pohcy of the Hudson Bay Company, who 
were enriching themselves in their fur trade, of keeping the public uninformed, or 
misinformed, as to the resources of the country, lest settlers should come in and 
spoil their monopoly. After giving the details of Marcus Whitman's efforts, 
he sums up: "We are able now to answer the question. Why our flag floats over 
Oregon. It was because of Marcus Whitman's ride to Washington, in the winter 
of 1842-43, to tell the President and Secretary, before it was too late, the value 
of the empire which they were on the point of bartering away to England for 
'a few small fishes!'" The story of how he was murdered after his return, and of 
the massacre of the missionaries, follows; and the fact that on the fiftieth anni- 
versary of that massacre, November 29, 1897, at Walla Walla, "the oration was 
delivered by Leavitt H. Hallock, D.D., of California," will indicate how closely 
connected, or at least profoundly interested, the author was in and with the events 
he celebrates. The book is copiously illustrated with views of the present North- 
west, principally about Walla Walla where Whitman lived and where Whitman 
College is situated. 

J. F. Gextjng. 
1910 

On the Tihiir Road: A Freshman's Horace. By George Meason Whicher and 
George Frisbie Whicher. The Princeton University Press. 1911. 

Father and son, the one a teacher, the other a newly fledged Amherst alumnus, 
have collaborated in compiling this pleasant little volume. The descriptive 
phrase of the title, however, so far as it names the younger author's share, is 
"straight goods": the book is a real Freshman's Horace, and no stranger in the 
Amherst class-room. Nor is the kind of ^ork it represents at all unusual in the 
Amherst Latin courses. " An asterisk," the preface says, " will tell inquiring friends 
which writer must bear the initial responsibility for each piece"; but it is shrewdly 
left to the reader to tell which is which. To say he can easily discriminate is to 
imply no disparagement to either party; and the joint venture must have been 
a delight to both, by no means lessened by the graceful dedication "to our best 
third, L. F. W.," if, as we conjecture, the wife and mother is thus brought into 
the collaboration. The book consists in part of bona fide translations of select 
odes, in larger part of imitations in which modern turns and phraseology figure 
freely, but in no case of parodies, except as in the later section, "Flaccus Diversi- 
fied," the styles of certain modern poets are parodied in the choice of vehicle for 
the imitations. Now that we think of it, Horace would not lend himself easily 
to parody: the lightness and grace, the humor, not to say whimsey, with which 
he is already imbued, is his effective caveat against such flatting of his note. But 
he does lend himself admirably to play; and this is what the volume is. Like the 
experience of Alice in Wonderland, it gives us "the smile without the cat," and 
this without appreciable discourtesy to the original, because in his general 
slenderness of sentiment Horace was never a very formidable cat when reckoned 
with apart from the essential smile. 

In one way, to be sure, the book is not to be taken seriously: it does not urge 
any such claim. In another way it is: the spirit in which it was made merits 



THE BOOK TABLE 261 

hearty appreciation, and provokes the wish that it might be passed on to more 
general emulation in college quarters. It reveals the fact that this Freshman has 
learned a valuable secret. He has learned to take advantage of his work by 
banishing the austerity from it. When a man can play with the subject of his 
study, he is on top, he has it in control. It has presented itself to him as a com- 
rade and friend, not as a task-master. One thinks, by contrast, of the solemnity 
of the scholar who is trying to get the correct attitude before a supposedly pro- 
found classic; one thinks more poignantly of the listless wooden routine to which 
so many students resort, like galley slaves, laying it to the dulness of the subject 
or the tyranny of the teacher. This Freshman has learned the better way, and 
because he can joke with his task, and cuff it about a little in play, it has smiled 
upon him, and yielded to him of its graceful amenities, nor have its true values 
suffered thereby. Horace may be a venerated classic. If his Freshman reader 
cannot rise to his height, it does not make the matter worse to own to the fact, 
even if in his address to M. Vipsanius Agrippa he drops into the Cockney dialect: — 

" I can't write no bloody hode 

For you, Gripps. 
Can't tell wot I 'aven't knowed. 

Can I, Gripps.^ 
Like them bloomin' classic guys, 
Pelides and Ulix-eyes; — 
You're a cut above my size, 

Haren't you, Gripps?" 

But perhaps his "size" is not quite so diminutive, after all. "The spirit of 
mirth," one reads in a recent philosophical work, "is a sign of superiority. He 
who is not sure of himself can spare no energy for the making of mirth." 

That the grand object of his college study has not suffered thereby is evident 
from the general tone and workmanship of the volume. The above-quoted stanza 
is not adduced as representative. It is indeed the only specimen of dialect. The 
verse is smooth and graceful; correct in metre and rhyme; the various stanza 
forms do not attempt to imitate classic measures, being taken rather from the 
English forms that correspond to the Horatian level of sentiment. And if he 
chooses to laugh at Horace a little, as well as with him, he does not laugh out 
of key. The Roman poet and he are still hail-fellows well met. 

J. F. Genung. 



262 



AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



®fiiml mh personal 

THE TRUSTEES 



The committee which was appointed 
by the Board of Trustees on November 
16 to prepare a formal expression of the 
Board's regret at the resignation of 
President Harris has sent to him the 
following letter: — 

Your letter addressed to the Trustees 
of Amherst College resigning the presi- 
dency of the College, which you have 
held with distinguished honor and use- 
fulness for twelve years, and setting 
the coming Commencement as the date 
of your retirement, is couched in such 
terms and gives such personal reasons 
for your action that we are compelled 
reluctantly to accept it. But this we 
cannot do without putting on record 
our sense of the distinguished service 
you have rendered to our beloved in- 
stitution during the years that it has 
had the benefit of your administration. 
You came to the high office you hold, 
a graduate of Amherst College, fully 
acquainted with its history and tradi- 
tions and high purposes, trained by it 
in your youth and drawn by special 
love for it to its service. You had al- 
ready achieved notable success as the 
pastor and administrator of a large 
parish, followed by a term of sixteen 
years as teacher of theology in our 
oldest school of divinity. It was a 
time of need for the College when you 
assumed its guidance. Just such a 
man as you was needed at the helm, 
and it was most fortunate that you were 
found ready to accept the task. Know- 
ing your character and your career, 
the anxious friends of the College, its 
students and alumni, its Faculty and 
its Trustees, united with renewed cour- 
age and hope in accepting your guid- 
ance and control. Their anticipations 
have been amply fulfilled. They found 
you a man of simple and sincere pur- 
pose to serve the College, ever con- 
siderate of its highest interests and those 
of its teachers and pupils rather than of 
your own, and able to maintain, and 



to restore when in danger of failing, the 
high standards of scholarship and char- 
acter which should belong to such an 
institution and which pre-eminently 
have characterized Amherst College. 
Your recognized intellectual equip- 
ment, your gracious demeanor, your 
absolute gentlemanliness and your 
concern for your associates, your deep 
personal interest in the student body, 
your evident and constant sympathy 
with the succession of classes to whom 
you have been an example and guide, 
have assured you an administration 
which crowns all those which have pre- 
ceded your own. 

During the twelve years of your ser- 
vice for the College the number of its 
teachers has increased from 33 to 50. 
Its students are more by half than they 
were when you became president; and 
the gifts to the College and the amount 
of its invested funds have surpassed 
all that had previously been received 
since its foundation. These are tan- 
gible proofs of the wisdom of your ad- 
ministration and of the confidence you 
have inspired. 

You resign the presidency of Amherst 
College with the deep respect of the 
students, the love of your associates, 
whether in the Faculty or the Board of 
Trustees, and the grateful honor of all 
these to whom the College is dear. It 
is with pride that we regard the period 
of your incumbency, knowing that you 
have left an easier and a grander task to 
your successor ; and we pray for you 
from Almighty God a full period of less 
burdensome and less responsible care 
for the College to which you have given 
these best years of your life, and of con- 
tinued service for the upbuilding of 
manly character and Christian faith 
and love among the people at large, to 
whose best ideals you have devoted all 
your activities. In behalf of the Trus- 
tees of Amherst College, 

George A. Plimpton, President. 
WiLLisTON Walkeu, Secretary. 



THE ALUMNI 



263 



THE ALUMNI 



THE LOCAL ASSOCIATIONS 

AMHERST ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK 

Charles H. Dayton, Secretary, 
90 West Street, New York City. 

The annual dinner was held at the 
Waldorf-Astoria on February 21, nearly 
three hundred alumni being present. 
The speakers were President Harris, 
Professor James H. Tufts, '84, of the 
University of Chicago, and Dr. Talcott 
Williams, '73. The spring smoker of 
the association will be held on Friday, 
April 26, at a place to be announced 
later. 

CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS ASSOCIATION 

The annual dinner of the Central 
Massachusetts Alumni Association was 
held at Worcester on February 29. 
Dr. Royal P. Watkins, '89, was toast- 
master, and the speakers were Presi- 
dent Harris, Chief Justice Rugg of the 
Massachusetts Supreme Court, Rev. 
W. G. Thayer, '85, head master of 
St. Mark's School, and Arthur E. 
Stearns, '94, principal of Phillips An- 
dover Academy. 

WASHINGTON ASSOCIATION 

The Washington Association held its 
annual dinner at the Cosmos Club, 
Washington, D.C., on February 17, 
the guest of honor being Professor John 
M. Tyler. Among those present were 
Congressman F. H. Gillett, Congress- 
man Henry T. Rainey, Rev. Roland 
Cotton Smith, Dr. W. S. Ufford, Dr. 
W. D. Bigelow, and W. D. Windom. 
Letters were read from Judge Henry 



Stockbridge, Professor William B. 
Clark, Professor J. Franklin Jameson, 
and George B. Mallon. 

THE AAfflERST CLUB OF CHICAGO 

S. B. King, Secretary. 

One of the most successful meetings 
of the Amherst Club of Chicago was 
held at the University Club on the 
evening of March 21. Eighty-five 
men were present. President Harris 
was the guest of honor, coming from 
Amherst especially for the occasion. 
After he had responded to the toast 
"The College," a resolution, tendered 
by Walter Taylor Field, '83, and 
unanimously adopted by the club, 
elected him an honorary member. 

President E. G. Lancaster, '85, of 
Olivet College, talked on the future of 
Amherst, and urged the recommenda- 
tions of his class as embodied in the 
memorial of last year. 

George A. Mason, Williams, '91, 
spoke for our neighbors in Berkshire 
very acceptably, and conveyed to the 
club a challenge to engage with the 
Williams Alumni Association of Chi- 
cago in a field day, to be held next fall. 
The challenge was accepted on the spot. 

Rev. Dr. John Timothy Stone, '91, 
acted as toastmaster in his customary 
inspiriting vein. During his temporary 
absence the club took occasion to 
adopt resolutions indorsing Dr. Stone's 
candidacy for alumnus trustee, urging 
upon the alumni the claims of the 
Middle and Western States, which 
send so large a proportion of students 
to Amherst, to a better representation 
on the Board. 



264 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



An amusing incident of the evening 
was the appearance of " Sabrlna." Just 
after President Harris finished speak- 
ing, the Hghts were suddenly ex- 
tinguished, there was a stir at one end 
of the room, and, when the room was 
again lighted, a bronzed figure, familiar 
to all even-class men, was seen posed 
on a raised pedestal. Amid the con- 
fusion that followed, the lights went 
out again, and the figure disappeared 
as mysteriously as it had come. Later 
it transpired that "Sabrina" was a 
member of the young alumni club, at- 
tired in a costume designed especially 
for the occasion. 

At the business meeting the following 
officers were elected for the ensuing 
year: H. H. Titsworth, '97, president; 
J. A. Johnston, '97, vice-president; 
S. B. King, '02, secretary-treasurer; 
F. A. Watkins, '96, C. E. Butler, '00, 



G. H. Mcllvaine, '01, P. B. Palmer, 
Jr., '04, N. H. Blatchford, Jr., '06, A. 
Mitchell, Jr., '10, directors. 

At the close of the dinner President 
H. H. Titsworth presented a handsome 
silver trophy cup, the gift of the 
Amherst Club of Chicago, to Mr. 
Harry B. Mess, president of the Cook 
County High School Athletic League. 
This cup will be known as the Amherst 
Cup, and will be awarded to the school 
winning the baseball championship 
of the league. It will become the 
permanent property of the school first 
winning the championship two years, 
not necessarily in succession. There 
are twenty-three high schools, in and 
near Chicago, in the competition. 
The cup will be displayed during the 
coming season at each school, and 
also in A. G. Spaulding's windows. 



THE CLASSES 



265 



THE CLASSES 



1849 

Hon. Henry S. Hudson died at the 
home of his daughter, near Oswego, 111., 
on January 12, in the eighty-sixth year 
of his age. He was born in Oxford, 
Mass., May 13, 18'-^5, and was admitted 
to the Massachusetts bar in 1851. In 
1854 he moved to Chicago, and in 
1862 established a law practice at 
Oswego, 111. In 1865 he was elected 
probate judge, and served in that office 
for thirty-seven years. He married 
Miss Hannah A. Dayhoff, who, with 
a daughter and son, survives him. 



1854 

Franklin Hubbard died in Toledo, 
Ohio, on January 7. He was born in 
Leverett, Mass., on July 13, 1827. 
He prepared for college at Williston 
Seminary, having first taught school 
in several neighboring towns. For 
eleven years he was principal of the 
public schools in Adrian, Mich., and 
then became head of the firm of Hub- 
bard, Graves & Edwards, leather 
dealers of Toledo. After twenty years 
of business life he retired to become 
manager of the business affairs of the 
Toledo public schools, serving until 
1905. 

1855 

On occasion of the coming of Profes- 
sor EUjah P. Harris's birthday, April 3, 
1912, the Faculty unanimously voted, 
as the Committee wrote, "to convey 
to you on the occasion of your eightieth 
birthday the expression of its high es- 
teem for you personally, its apprecia- 



tion of your long and valuable work for 
the college, and its best wishes for 
your continued good health." 

1856 

Dr. Josiah H. Goddard died at his 
home in Orange, Mass., on February 21, 
at the age of eighty-two years. He 
was born in Orange in 1830. In college 
he took a course preparatory to enter- 
ing the ministry, but finally changed 
his intention and took up medicine. 
For a few years he practised in Hun- 
tington, Mass., and then moved to 
Orange, where he practised imtil his 
retirement about ten years ago. 

1861 

Rev. Elijah Harmon died at Ran- 
dolph, February 3, at the age of seventy- 
six years. He was born in Hawley, 
March 22, 1835, and fitted for college 
at Williston Seminary. He was a ser- 
geant of 52d Massachusetts Volunteers 
in the Civil War, and later taught at 
the Corning, N.Y., Free Academy. He 
was tutor in mathematics in Amherst 
College, 1864-1865, and attended the 
Hartford Theological Seminary from 
1865-1867, being ordained on October 
17, 1867, at Winchester, N.H. He 
preached there until 1885, when he 
took a charge in Wilmington, which he 
filled until 1902, and then retired to 
Randolph. 

1863 

Rev. Leavitt H. Hallock, D.D., has 
written two books: "Hawaii under 
King Kalakaua" and "Why our Flag 



266 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



floats over Oregon." They are reviewed 
on another page. 

1872 

Rev. Albert H. Thompson, Secretary, 

Raymond, N.H. 

Professor Stephen A. Thurlow died 
in Pottsville, Pa., on January 4. He 
was born in Cumberland Coimty, 
Maine, on July 18, 1824, and received 
his early education in the schools of his 
native town, Hebron Academy, and Ed- 
ward Little Institute. After lea\ang 
Amherst, he became, in succession, prin- 
cipal of Gould Academy, Bethel, Me.; 
Freeport, Me., High School; Belleville, 
N.Y., High School; and Pottsville, Pa., 
High School. After a service of 
twenty-five years there he became 
superintendent of schools of Pottsville. 
He was married, July 15, 1892, to 
Mfss Mary E. Chase, of Saybrook, 
Conn. 

1873 

John M. Tyler, Secretary, 
Amherst, Mass. 

Talcott Williams, L.H.D., at present 
associate editor of the Philadelphia 
Press, has been appointed director of 
the newly founded Pulitzer School of 
Journalism in Columbia University. 
He will begin his new duties in Sep- 
tember. 

Dr. Williams was born in Turkey 
in 1849, and, after leaving Amherst, 
began work on the New York World. 
Later he served as Washington cor- 
respondent of the New York Sun, and 
from 1870 to 1881 as an editorial writer 
on the Springfield Republican. Since 
1881 he has been connected with the 
Philadelphia Press. He has published 
a number of papers on Morocco, which 
he has visited twice for scientific 



research. He has received honorary 
degrees from eight colleges. 

The New York Times, in comment- 
ing upon the appointment editorially, 
speaks of Dr. Williams as "a master 
not only of the art of making a news- 
paper, but of the art of imparting to 
others the knowledge he himself has 
acquired. Thus in a double sense 
Dr. Williams is equipped for the 
director's tasks and responsibilities. 
The appointment will be generally 
recognized as an admirable one, as 
doubtless the best that could be made." 

1874 

Elihu G. Loomis, Secretary, 
28 State Street, Boston, Mass. 

The Westchester County, New York, 
Bar Association on March 16 presented 
to Justice Isaac N. Mills a portrait 
of himself, painted by Edwin B. Child, 
'90. The American Art News recently 
contained the following comment on 
this portrait: — 

This dignified work is one of the 
most able and truthful presentments 
of a man shown in New York in many 
a day, and is an excellent piece of char- 
acter work, with strong, well-modelled 
flesh tones. The composition is simple, 
the color good, — altogether a work 
that evidences rare knowledge and 
artistic skill. 

Another portrait of Justice Mills, 
also painted by Mr. Child, was ex- 
hibited at the annual dinner of the New 
York Association. 

1875 

Leir H. Elwell, Secretary, 
Amherst, Mass. 

Frank A. Hosmer was recently 
elected president of the Amherst board 
of trade, and Charles H. Edwards, '88, 
a director. 



THE CLASSES 



267 



1878 

H. NorMjVN Gardixeb, Secretary, 

23 Crafts Avenue, Northampton, Mass. 

Frederick S. Bronson died at his 
home in Geneva, N.Y., on January 5, 
at the age of fifty-five. He was gen- 
eral manager of the Geneva Telephone 
Company and a deacon in the First 
Presbyterian Church. For thirty years 
he was superintendent of the High 
Street colored Sunday-school. Five 
years ago he married Miss Julia Hand 
of Binghamton, a Presbyterian mis- 
sionary for a number of years in Japan. 
Besides his wife he leaves four sisters, 
Mrs. J. D. Buckley, Mrs. C. R. R. 
Buckley, Mrs. Frank Little of Brook- 
lyn, N.Y., and Mrs. John D. Bement; 
also one brother. Rev. Charles E. 
Bronson of Philadelphia, Pa. 

A son, William, Jr., has been born to 
Mr. and Mrs. William Peet of Min- 
neapolis, Minn. 

Charles H. Moore, national organ- 
izer of the Negro Business League imder 
Booker T. Washington, is editing the 
Negro Business League Herald, the 
first number of which was published 
in February at the Tuskegee Institute. 

George N. AMiipple has established 
a lecture and entertainment bureau 
under the title "The Players," with 
offices at 162 Tremont Street, Boston. 



1879 

J. Franklin Jameson, Secretary, 

Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C. 

"The most important contribution 
of recent years to the literature of con- 
stitutional law," is the comment of the 
New York Times in a review of Profes- 
sor Frank J. Goodnow's new book on 
"Social Reform and the Constitution." 

Professor Goodnow was recently ap- 



pointed by President Taft to serve on 
the important Commission of National 
Economy and Efficiency. Dr. Good- 
now has been Eton Professor of 
Administrative Law at Columbia Uni- 
versity since 1883. He is a graduate 
of Amherst College and of the Colum- 
bia Law School. He has studied in 
Ecole Libre des Sciences Politiques in 
Paris and at the University of Berlin. 
He is author of "Comparative Admin- 
istrative Law and Municipal Home 
Rule," "Mimicipal Problems," and 
"Politics and Administration." 

Rev. Benjamin S. Sanderson has 
removed from Bethlehem, Pa., to 
Wyncote, near Philadelphia, where he 
is rector of the Episcopal church. 



1883 

John B. Walker, Secretary, 
33 East 33d Street, New York City. 

Rev. H. A. Bridgman has just com- 
pleted in the Congregationalist a series 
of five articles entitled "To the Man 
Outside." 

Rev. Cornelius Howard Patton, 
D.D., of Boston, who recently returned 
from a six months' trip to Africa, 
delivered a lecture on the work of the 
missionaries in Africa before the Con- 
necticut Valley Congregational Club 
in the First Church, Springfield, on 
Tuesday evening, February 27. 



1885 

Frank E. Whitman, Secretary, 
490 Broome Street, New York Cit}\ 

A daughter, Mary Elizabeth, was 
born to President and Mrs. E. G. 
Lancaster, Olivet College, Michigan, on 
January 24. 



£68 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



1886 

Charles F. Marble, Secretary, 

4 Marble Street, Worcester, Mass. 

Rev. George F. Kenngott, Ph.D., is 
publishing through the Macmillan 
Company "The Record of a City: A 
Social Survey of Lowell." Mr. Kenn- 
gott has been pastor of a large church 
in Lowell since 1892, and has been in- 
timately connected with the social and 
industrial conditions of that city. 

Dr. Ralph H. Seelye of Springfield 
has been appointed consulting surgeon 
of the Ware Hospital. 



1887 

Frederic B. Pratt, Secretary, 
Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Rev. Seelye Bryant has been installed 
as pastor of the Union Church, Win- 
throp. Conn. 

Rev. Edward N. Hardy, Ph.D., was 
installed as pastor of the First Con- 
gregational Church of La Grange, 111. 

1888 

Asa G. Baker, Secretary, 

6 Cornell Street, Springfield, Mass. 

A. G. Baker, of the firm of G. & C. 
Merriam Company of Springfield, has 
been elected to membership in the 
Royal Society of Arts of London. 

Professor John Dutton Wright, of 
the Wright Oral School for the Deaf 
in 5vew York City, has invented a novel 
instrument to enable deaf mutes to 
examine the operation of their vocal 
cords when producing sound. The in- 
strument is essentially a pharyngoscope 
modified to permit one to look down his 
own throat. The device is expected to 
prove of interest to physicians, singers. 



and vocal teachers as well as instruct- 
ors of the deaf. 



1889 
Henry H. Bos worth. Secretary, 
15 Elm Street, Springfield, Mass. 

From the Neale Publishing Company 
of New York and Washington comes 
to us the announcement of "Travels 
at Home and Abroad," by E. Quincy 
Smith, in three volumes; and a class- 
mate writes: "This is 'E. Q.,' far- 
famed of '89." The announcement 
contains information about the author 
and the book which the Qu.\rterly 
is glad to obtain. We quote: — 

Once in a while, when business 
presses too hard and matters financial 
become a burden, Mr. Quincy Smith 
waves it all aside (he is president of 
the National City Bank of Washing- 
ton, D.C.) and takes a pleasure jaunt. 
He speeds in a private car to California 
or to Mexico, or boards a ship for 
Jamaica or for Europe, — for 'most 
any place that arouses the Wanderlust 
that we have all felt at times. A lover 
of nature, a close observer, gifted with 
poetic insight, capable of enjoyment 
and capable of laughter, Mr. Smith 
has given to us in these travel records 
a delightful chronicle of manners, 
people, and governments. 

The three volumes contain the his- 
tory of nine distinct trips, each volume 
covering three trips, — two visits to 
Jamaica, one to Mexico in 1909, one 
to California before the San Francisco 
disaster, another to that brilliant 
and courageous city at the time of the 
fire, and four trips to Europe. Taken 
as a whole, the books form a record of 
extensive travel, and from any stand- 
point—literary, historical, or descrip- 
tive — they make a valuable addition 
to the literature of travel. 

William Estabrook Chancellor, su- 
perintendent of schools in Norwalk, 
Conn., has prepared and published, 
through the American Book Company, 



THE CLASSES 



269 



a "Standard Short Course for Evening 
Schools." It includes lessons in read- 
ing, spelling, arithmetic, physiology, 
and civil government. It is meant 
primarily for the use of foreign-born 
and adult beginners. 

1891 

WixsLow H. Edwards, Secretary, 

Easthampton, Mass. 

Rev. Albert H. Plumb of Medfield 
has accepted a call to Oakham. 

1893 

William C. Breed, Secretary, 
32 Liberty Street, New York City. 

Rev. F. W. Beekman of Uniontown, 
Pa., has been offered the deanship 
of the Cathedral of St. Mary and St. 
John at Manila. The cathedral is 
one of the finest structures in the 
Philippines, and is connected with the 
Columbia Club, which is the head- 
quarters for over three himdred men in 
the employ of the American govern- 
ment. 

The engagement has been announced 
of Frederick S. Allis of Erie, Pa., to 
Miss Jean MacCoy of Philadelphia. 
The past few years Allis has spent 
"most of his time on his ranch near 
Boulder, Col. 

George Breed Zug, a member of the 
faculty of the University of Chicago, 
during the past winter has been de- 
livering lectures, in most of the principal 
cities, on painting and sculpture. 

1894 

Henry E. Whitcomb, Secretary, 

Station A, Worcester, Mass. 

Grosvenor S. Backus, Esq., has 
formed a partnership with Edward A. 



Freshman for the practice of law, with 
oflBces at 177 Montague Street, Brook- 
lyn, N.Y. 

William J. Harrison is now at the 
Hinsdale Sanitarium, Hinsdale, 111. It 
is suggested that letters from the class 
would be much appreciated and would 
give him much encouragement. 

Rev. Austin Rice is now preaching 
in his newly constructed church at 
Wakefield, Mass. 

Luther Ely Smith, Esq., has been 
elected president, and E. L. Wilson, '02, 
director of the St. Louis City Club. 

At the Boston alumni dinner, Feb- 
ruary 5, there were present: Stearns, 
Howe, Tucker, Rice, Fiske, and Whit- 
comb. 

1896 

Thomas B. Hitchcock, Secretary, 
86 Worth Street, New York City. 

Rev. Edwin Bradford Robinson 
of Holyoke has been elected president 
of the Connecticut Valley Congre- 
gational Club. 

The New Y^ork Sun of February 25 
contained a long illustrated article 
by Professor Loomis, entitled "Fossils 
of Two Million Years Ago Uncovered," 
being a summary of some of the work 
done by the 1896 Expedition to Pata- 
gonia. The article was reprinted in a 
large number of papers throughout the 
country. 

Thomas C. Elvins is postmaster 
of Hammonton, N.J. 



1897 

Kendall Emerson, Secretary, 
37 Pearl Street, Worcester, Mass. 

Thomas J. McEvoy has been elected 
secretary of the Cortland County 
Society of New York City. 



270 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



1898 

Prof. Charles W. Merkiam, Secretary, 
Greenfield, Mass. 

The Century Magazine for March 
contained a short poem, entitled 
"Tschaikowsky," by H. G. D wight. 



1899 

Edward W. Hitchcock, Secretary, 
26 Broadway, New York City. 

A daughter, Eleanor, has been born 
to Rev. and Mrs. Edward Gaylord of 
Oak Park, 111. 

Rev. Frederick W. Raymond of 
Proctor, Vt., recently had an article 
in the Congregationalist on "Class- 
room Memories of William Newton 
Clarke." 

1900 

Fred H. Klaer, Secretary, 
334 South Sixteenth Street, Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

At the banquet of the Western Mas- 
sachusetts Association of Life Insurance 
Writers, A. B. Franklin, Jr., was elected 
secretary for the coming year. 

Twin daughters were born on Febru- 
ary 25 to Mr. and Mrs. Crescens Hub- 
bard, White Plains, N.Y. 

Rev. Thomas V. Parker has resigned 
his pastorate in Brooklyn, N.Y., to 
accept a call to the First Baptist Church 
of Evansville, Ind. 

1901 

John L. Vanderbilt, secretary of the 
class, requests that all the members of 
his class send, as soon as possible, their 
latest addresses to him at 146 Broadway, 
New York City, care of Douglas Robin- 
son & Co. He writes: — 



Mail directed to the following mem- 
bers of the class at the addresses given 
below is returned as not found: George 
B. Ennever, 1618 Sutter Street, San 
Francisco, Cal.; George D. Jenifer, 
1418 Druid Hill Ave., Baltimore, Md.; 
Walter F. Stutz, 2434 Jackson St., San 
Francisco, Cal. If these men will 
kindly send us their correct addresses, 
or if any other member of the class 
knows of their addresses, and will send 
them to me, it will be greatly appre- 
ciated. 

George M. Bartlett has recently 
moved from Ann Arbor, Mich., to 2609 
North Delaware Street, Indianapolis, 
Ind. 

Leonard W. Bates was married Janu- 
ary 30 to Miss Zillah Genung of Brook- 
lyn. They are now living at 85 Lef- 
ferts Place, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Maitland L. Bishop is now residing, 
at 424 California Terrace, Pasadena, 
Cal., in his new house which he has re- 
cently finished. 

Edwin Cushman Buffum, whose stage 
name is "Edwin Cushman," is at pres- 
ent appearing with the Ben-Hur Com- 
pany at the Forrest Theatre, Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

H. Keyes Eastman is temporarily 
located at Patterson, Cal., about one 
hundred miles south of San Francisco. 
He is associated with the Payne In- 
vestment Company with headquarters 
at Omaha, Neb. The business con- 
sists largely in colonizing large tracts of 
land with farmers. 

Maurice L. Farrell has just severed 
his connection with the Wall Street 
Summary, having accepted a more re- 
sponsible position on the Wall Street 
Journal. He had been with the former 
paper ever since graduation, and has 
become one of the best authorities on 
financial news articles in New York. 

Harry W. Gladwin is now living at 
1004 Grand Avenue, Kansas City, 
Mo. 



THE CLASSES 



271 



William S. Hatch, who is located at 
Sheffield, Ala., writes that the only 
Amherst men he has ever seen south of 
the Ohio River are Charles E. Robert- 
son, 1901, who has recently retired from 
the Western Electric Company at 
Atlanta, Ga., and Frank Wheeler, 1900, 
who is at Mount Pleasant, Tenn. 

Charles N. Lovell has moved from 
Manchester, Conn., to 147 Magnolia 
Terrace, Springfield, Mass. 

Ernest W. Pelton was the sole rep- 
resentative of 1901 at the annual dinner 
of the Amherst Connecticut Association 
at Hartford on February 9. There 
were forty -nine men present. 

Edward C. Smith is living at 770 
Keele Street, Toronto, Ont., and is in 
business with the Canadian National 
Carbon Company, making Columbia 
Dry Cells. 

Guy F. Swinnerton is practising law 
in Troy, N.Y., with offices in the Carl 
Building. During his leisure hours 
he serves on the Board of Education in 
Kili-den-Berg, N.Y. (where he re- 
sides), and is also interested in the 
politics of that town. 

Joseph Warner is now living in 
Brownlee, Saskatchewan, Can. He is 
the manager of the Warner Grain Com- 
pany, Ltd. 

Reuben F. Wells, who was formerly 
with the journal School Agriculture, 
Domestic Science and Manual Training 
of Springfield, Mass., is now associated 
with The Landmark, a paper published 
in \Miite River Jimction, Vt. 

Harry B. Zimmerman is general 
manager of Gray's Harbor Railway and 
Light Co. at Aberdeen, Wash. 

Those present from 1901 at the dinner 
held in New York on February 21 
were Adams, Bates, Farrell, Morse, 
Rockwell, Swinnerton, Vanderbilt, and 
Wade. 



1902 

Eldon B. Keith, Secretary, 
30 South Street, Campello, Mass. 
In the Westminster Rerieiv for Febru- 
ary, 1912, Rev. Harold S. Brewster has 
published an article entitled "The 
Bright Smile of the Master," in which 
he opens an unusual and very suggestive 
subject, which in a sub-heading he char- 
acterizes as "The Element of Humor 
in the Words of Jesus." It is a good 
example of the familiar yet reverent 
spirit in which subjects hitherto treated 
as remote and solemn are coming to 
be handled without invading their 
sacredness. 

A son was born to Mr. and Mrs. 
Eugene S. Wilson of St. Louis, Mo., 
on February 21. 

The first issue of The Accelerator 
appeared in January. The editor, 
Charles H. Dayton, has secured a large 
number of advertisements, and has en- 
listed the assistance of a number of 
well-knowTi writers in the work of pro- 
moting the cause of the decennial re- 
imion next June. A complete list of the 
offspring of 1902 occupies a fifth of the 
journal's space. 

1903 

John H. Stevens, Secretary, 
East Brookfield, Mass. 
Henry B. Gould has retired from the 
news staff of the Wall Street Journal 
to become vice-president and general 
manager of the Compiling Company of 
America, which has opened offices in 
the Singer Building, New York. 

1904 

Rev. Karl O. Thompson, Secretary, 

32 Winsor Place, Kalamazoo, Mich. 

Dr. Heman B. Chase has given up 

his practice in Hyannis to take the 



272 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



position of physician and surgeon of 
the Honduras Rosario Mining Com- 
pany. He will leave in a few days for 
San Juacinto, Honduras. 

A daughter, Jane Gray, was recently 
born to Rev. and Mrs. Harry Gray 
of Los Angeles, Cal. 

A son was born March 29, 1912, to 
Mr. and Mrs. P. B. Palmer, Jr., of 
Chicago. 

1905 

John B. O'Brien, Secretary, 
309 Washington Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y. 

The new executive committee of 
the class has just been appointed as 
follows: — 

R. E. Rollins, Des Moines, la., chair- 
man; H. F. Coggeshall, Denver, Col.; 
Van Cleve Holmes, Brooklyn, N.Y.; 
A. S. Nash, New York City; J. B. 
O'Brien, Brooklyn, N.Y. ; E. A. Baily, 
Brooklyn, N.Y.; E. C. Crossett, Dav- 
enport, la.; G. B. Utter, Westerly, 
R.I.; H. H. C. Weed, St. Louis, Mo. 

The members of the class who have 
not filled out and sent in the postal card 
sent them last January are requested to 
mail them to the class secretary. 

Ernest Alpers' business address is 
34 Pine Street, New Y-ork City, where 
he is a mortgage broker. 

B. B. Bandel is with The Savings 
Bank of Baltimore, Md. 

Sidney Bixby has resigned as vice- 
president of Holbrook-Blackwelder 
Real Estate Company to accept the 
presidency of a recently organized farm 
loan company in St. Louis, Mo. 

A daughter, Margaret Jean, was born 
to Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Bostwick, of 
1701 Hanford Street, Seattle, Wash., 
on November 26, 1911. 

Rev. Nelson F. Cole was married 
on October 25, 1911, to Miss Alma S. 
Jacobson, of Moleridge, S.D. 



The engagement is announced of 
Louis L. Edmunds and Miss Ellen 
Wittman of Oxnard, Cal. 

Leslie R. Fort, son of ex-Governor 
Fort of New Jersey, has purchased 
the Plainfield Daily Press. Mr. Fort 
says the paper will be Progressive 
Republican. 

The address of Claude M*. Fuess is 
138 Main Street, Andover, Mass. 

Dr. Fraray Hale is located in White 
Plains, N.Y., his address being 30 South 
Lexington Ave., that city. 

Frank S. Hayden is now living in 
Wyoming, N.Y. 

Robert S. Kneeland, who has been 
practising law for several years in 
Seattle, Wash., has removed to 639 
Sumner Avenue, Springfield, Mass. . 

Chas. C. McTernan is a private 
teacher, and lives at 166 Grove Street, 
Waterbury, Conn. 

Ward C. Moon has been elected 
superintendent of schools at Freeport, 
N. Y. He has been for some years 
at Orange, N.J. 

The engagement has been" announced 
of William Vrooman Ottley, Geneva, 
N.Y., and Miss Winifred Santee of 
Hornell, N.Y. 

R. W. Pease is the manager of the 
Amherst Creamery. He is living at 
45 Kensington Avenue, Northampton, 
Mass. 

Dr. Roger N. Squire, who received 
the degree of D.O. last June from the 
American School of Osteopathy at 
Kirkville, Mo., is located at 416 Farm- 
ington Avenue, Hartford, Conn. 

John Adams Taylor is instructor 
in English and Public Speaking at 
the University of North Dakota, Grand 
Forks, N.D. 

The Utter Company has recently 
been incorporated, under which name 
the printing and publishing business 
in Westerly, now carried on in what 



THE CLASSES 



273 



is popularly described as the Sun 
Office, will hereafter be conducted. 
The incorporators are ex-Governor Geo. 
H. Utter of the class of 1877, G. B. 
Utter, '05, and Dr. Henry E. Utter, '06. 
A son, Hugh H. C. Weed, Jr., was 
born to Mr. and Mrs. Hugh H. C. 
Weed of St. Louis, Mo., on February 

1906 

Robert C. Powell, Secretary, 
20 Vesey Street, New York. 

B. H. Matteson has been appointed 
head of the mathematics department 
at State Normal School, New Paltz, 
N.Y. He was formerly principal of 
the high school at Hudson, N.Y. 

E. Anson More is associated with the 
Missouri Motor Car Company, St. 
Louis, Mo. 

A daughter, Florence Martha, ^was 
born to Mr. and Mrs. William H. 
Webster of Douglas, Ariz., on Decem- 
ber 24, 1911. 

1907 

Ch.\rles p. Slocum, Secretary, 

206 Sumner Street, Newton Centre, 

Mass. 

The engagement is announced of 
George E. Cary to Miss Ethel Grant, 
Wellesley, '08. 

Warren S. Chapin has entered part- 
nership with Charles H. De Forest 
of the De Forest Advertising Agency 
of Springfield, and will be actively 
identified with that company. 

Harold R. Crook is now director 
of a large playground in Chicago, and 
has in his classes two thousand people. 
He has also been taking a course in 
the Chicago L'niversity Training School 
for an athletic directorship, and is now 
a senior in that institution. 



The engagement of E. .\llan Wyman 
to Miss Susan Elizabeth Smiley of 
St. Louis, Mo., has been announced. 



1908 

Harry W. Zinsmaster, Secretary, 

Des Moines, la. 

A daughter was born to Mr. and 
Mrs. Cecil K. Blanchard on Decem- 
ber 3. 

Eben Luther, 2d, and Miss Eliza- 
beth Blanchard of Northampton were 
married November 25, 1911, and are 
hving at 28 Shepard Street, Cambridge, 
Mass. 

James T. Sleeper is in the depart- 
ment of music of Beloit College, Beloit,. 
Wis. 

The first issue of Vol. IL of "The 
1908 Bulletin" appeared in February. 
It is a most readable pubUcation and 
well illustrated. 



1909 

E. H. Sudbury, Secretary, 
239 Broadway, New York City. 

Joseph W. Ballantine has recently 
been appointed by President Taft 
deputy consul at Kobe. Mr. Ballan- 
tine has also passed successfully an 
examination at the embassy in Tokio 
to qualify him for a further promotion. 

John Beecher is teaching in the Gov- 
ernment School at Kobe, Japan. 

The engagement has been announced 
of Albert W. Blackmer, now of Harvard 
Law School, to Miss Helen T. Dana 
of Portland, Me. 

Wilbur B. Jones has been elected 
president of the senior law class at 
W^ashington University Law School, 
St. Louis, Mo. 

A son, Francis Foster, Jr., has been 



274 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



born to Mr. and Mrs. Francis Foster 
Powell of Stevensville, Mont. 

On January 18 a son, Sherrill Ed- 
wards, was bom to Mr. and Mrs. 
Justin B. Smith of Saratoga Springs, 
N.Y. 

The engagement of Harold Ladd 
Smith of Proctor, Vt., to Miss Kathe- 
rine S. Scholl of Montclair, N.J., has 
been announced. 

Tlic Naughty-Nine Wkiffenpoof ap- 
peared as usual in January, and is 
maintaining its well-known standard 
for news and comment. The quar- 
terly receives marked attention, a 
poem in our first number being ex- 
plained so as to be fully appreciated 
by the readers of the Wkiffenpoof. 

1910 

C. Francis, Secretary, 
Whitehall Building, New York. 

Harris L. Corey is salesman for a 
stove concern in Toledo, Ohio. 

Joseph D. Cornell has the agency for 
a large retail oil business on the Pacific 
coast, with headquarters at Seattle. 

Paul A. Fancher has temporarily 
given up his studies for the ministry, 
and is now at St. Clement's Clergy 
House, Philadelphia. 

Robert H. Hood, formerly with the 
chemical department of Colgate & Co. 
in Jersey City, is now with the Hood 
Furnace Company of Corning, N.Y. 

John D. Howard has left the employ 
of R. G. Dun & Co., Seattle, Wash., 
to go into the wholesale dry-goods 
business in the same city. His en- 
gagement to Miss Mildred Gringstaff 
of Portland, Ore., has been announced. 

A. R. Jube, who formerly starred 
for Amherst in centre field, has been 
engaged as coach for the New Y^ork 
University baseball team for the com- 
ing season. Last year Jube played on 



the Reading team of the Tri-State 
League, and led that league in base 
stealing. The New York Times, in 
commenting on his success, says, in 
part, "Jube has had splendid success 
as a coach, and, with the promising 
material which is out for the Violet 
nine this year, should turn out a fast 
aggregation." 

Daniel Cole McMartin was married 
to Miss Katherine Fowler of Des 
Moines, la., on January 31. 

Elbert B. M. Wortman is now with 
Collier's Weekly. 

The secretary of the class is engaged 
in collecting data on the work of its 
members, and as soon as all the class 
supply him with the desired information 
an interesting and complete report will 
be issued on the work of 1910. 

1911 

Dexteh Wheelock, Secretary, 
75a Willow Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Frank P. Abbot, Jr., has recently 
accepted a position as head of the cotton 
goods news on the editorial staff of 
the Textile Manufacturers' Journal, 
published by J. H. Bragdon & Co., 
377 Broadway, New York City. 

Richard P. Abele is teaching school 
at Dallas, Tex. 

Justin A. Altschul is a member of the 
debating team of the Cincinnati Law 
School. 

John P. Ashley has obtained a de- 
sirable position in the statistical de- 
partment of the auditing office of the 
Fort Worth & Denver City Railroad. 
His address is 1610 New York Avenue, 
Fort Worth, Tex. 

Chester F. Chapin is with White- 
head, Hoag & Co., manufacturers of 
advertising novelties, in Newark, N.J. 

The engagement has been announced 
of Miss Clara J. Thieme of Fort Wayne, 



REVERBERATIONS 



275 



Ind., to Thomas S. Cooke of Fre- 
donia, N.Y. 

On November 22 Brice S. Evans 
was married to Miss Mildred Jessie 
Fraser of Ottawa, Can. 

The engagement of Miss Katharine 
H. Ames of West Newton, Mass., to 
Robert H. George of Brookline, Mass., 
has been announced. 

Howard R. Haviland desires to make 
a correction of the statement made in 
the last number of the Quarterly 
that he is on the stage. He is not, and 
never has been. He is in the real 
estate business with Haviland & Sons 
of Brooklyn, and has been since he 
left college. 

Vernon Radcliffe has finished his 
graduate studies at Harvard, and is 
now on the staff of the New York Sun. 

John H. Stevens has obtained a posi- 
tion connected with the management of 
the Hotel Endicott in New York. 

The engagement of Miss Helen 
Bensis of Worcester, Mass., and 
Arthur C. Stone has been announced. 

Lee D. Van Woert, address 9 Myrtle 
Avenue, Oneonta, N.Y. 

Louis E. Wakelee is with the Ameri- 
can Telegraph and Telephone Com- 
pany in Baltimore, Md. 

The engagement has been announced 



of Miss Josephine Irwin Newman of 
East Orange, N.J., and Dexter Whee- 
lock. 

GENERAL. 

William Rutherford Mead, '67, 
LL.D., '02, and William Crary Brown- 
ell, '71, LL.D., '96, both of New York, 
were recently chosen as two of the 
"Forty American Immortals" by the 
National Institute of Arts and Letters. 

A committee of City Plan has re- 
cently been organized, to prepare a 
general plan for the artistic and archi- 
tectural improvement of Brooklyn. 
There are many Amherst men on this 
committee, among whom are; Fred B. 
Pratt, '87, chairman; Edward M. 
Bassett, '84, vice-chairman; Frank L. 
Babbott and Charles A. Fuller, both 
of '78, on the executive committee. 

In the list of contributors to the 
monumental " Encyclopedia of Religion 
and Ethics" now in course of publica- 
tion, one of the most scholarly under- 
takings of the age, are the names of four 
Amherst graduates: Professor H. P. 
Smith, '69, of Meadville, Pa.; Profes- 
sor J. H. Tufts, '84, of Chicago; Profes- 
sor Williston Walker, '83, of New 
Haven; and Professor F. J. E. Wood- 
bridge, '89, of New York. 



REVERBERATIONS 

Of the various activities of our fellow-alumni the evidence we receive, direct 
and indirect, reaches us in all sorts of ways: through notices in the press, through 
the reports of classmates and friends, and not least through the palpable effects 
of their well-directed energies in business, professional, and public life. All these, 
eagerly welcomed, are a source of joy and pride to Alma Mater. Another way, 
however, being less remote and impersonal, is of special interest, — the books, 
articles, and addresses that from time to time come to us in published form. As 
we read these, the image of the writer rises up vi^^dly to memory, as he has sat 
in our class-rooms, and it is as if he were talking to us across the miles about 
the things that have come to dominate his life's work. It seems fitting that 
our readers should share with us the pleasure of reading some paragraphs from 
these publications of our graduates. 



276 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

The Real Visage of War.— There has been a great amount of nonsense 
written about war and its heroes. In books, war is most dramatic and poetic 
reading; in life it is horrid cruelty, pure, unadulterated cruelty — the savagery 
of wild beasts. The harvest slackens beneath its breath, the sweet, fair flowers 
cower and pale at its approach. The springing grass is crushed under the cease- 
less roll of artillery wheels, or is dyed a crimson red, drunk with the blood of heroes. 
Leonidas and his brave three hundred, dark with the dust and blood of conflict, — 
that was real war, and yet fair ladies who have read their story with kindling 
eyes and burning cheek would have thought them no lovely sight in their hour 
of travail. The hero of a Sunday-school book is sometimes a muff or a milk-sop, 
sometimes a fair ideal; but the hero of a battlefield, grimed with powder, ay, some- 
times black with guilt, is life, — half-humanities, half brutalities. Shakespeare 
makes Norfolk in the play say: — 

"As gentle and as jocund, as to jest 
Go I to fight." 

There are natures, I suppose, occasionally, who really feel the joy of conflict 
and go as jocund to a fray as to a feast; but in my heart of hearts I cannot help 
suspecting them. Thank heaven! they are few and far between. Nobody sane 
and fairly intelligent ever went out to try conclusions with death in this dancing 
humor, and the heroism of the boys in blue had little of pride and pomp, of sound- 
ing music and streaming banner and "Vive I'Empereur" boisterousness about it. 
No! there was nothing of the kid-glove review or pomp and finish of a dress parade 
about their battles. With faces drawn and gray, with heart in mouth and pulse 
beating like a trip-hammer, men stood and fought, wondering whether they could 
possibly hold on a single moment longer, wondering whether it were possible they 
could ever get out alive, and yet fixing their unyielding feet as firmly in the earth 
as a badger's claws and making a badger's bitter fight, simply because it was the 
hard but' single road to their full duty. Homely heroes they were, but as genuine 
specimens as ever fought at the front and fell where they fought." — From an Ad- 
dress by Henry H. Goodell, '62, in the Story of his Life, by Calvin Stebbins, '62. 



The Good Old Roman Way.— We are told that in the days of Roman 
triumphs when an emperor would celebrate successful achievements the legions 
that had been in service were called home to receive the honor due them. Some 
came back from the rich and luxurious East. Battles they had fought and perils 
they had encountered, but they had won far-famed victories and were rich with 
spoil. But on such occasions another legion sometimes returned. It came 
back from desperate service in the swamps and forests of the North. Day in 
and day out it had been called upon for vigilance. No proud cities were there to 
be captured, no riches were its reward. But the tide of barbarian attack had 
been rolled back and the civilization of the empire had grown up under the shelter 
of its eagles. As these troops, worn but undefeated, battle-scarred but battle- 
proved, marched through the city, the shouts of greeting rolled out for them in 
a mighty volume and in the history of the empire their achievements live to this 
very hour. — From an Address by Ferdinand Q. Blanchard, '98. 



n 




iA^^y^^/V^ 



V^-^^ 



t7? 
THE AMHERST 

GRADUATES' QUARTERLY 

Vol. I— JUNE, 1912— No. 4 



THE COLLEGE WINDOW.— EDIT0RL4L NOTES 

AT this closing quarter of the college year a certain line of 
/\ Chaucer comes sounding up in memory as lustily as if it 
-^ were shouted through a megaphone. It is that line, famil- 
iar to all who have read "The Legend of Good Women," which 

/-c 11 ^ T -r J l)reathes the vigorous reaction of spring 

College Life and ^ * ^ 

p, and vacation, as the hidden energy ot the 

season leaps up from winter and the con- 
finement of study into the scholar's, which is to say the college 
man's, life. To get the full momentum of it, we must read the 
whole passage leading up to it: — • 

"And as for me, thogh that I can but lyte, 
On bokes for to read I me delyte. 
And to hem yeve I feyth and ful credence, 
And in myn herte have hem in reverence 
So hertely, that there is game noon 
That fro my bokes maketh me to goon. 
But hit be seldom, on the holyday; 
Save, certeynly, whan that the month of May 
Is comen, and that I here the foules singe. 
And that the floures ginnen for to springe, 
Farewel my book and my devocioun!" 

All classes of us, from the shirk to the bookworm, are ready to echo 
this last line. It is in nature; it is in the blood; it seems to be 
a phase of that unsubdued sensuous life against which there is 
no law. At the same time, if a little touch of conscience pricks 
us for bidding so hearty a farewell to things obviously desirable, 
the company of the poet reassures us: to the extent of this line, 
at least, we are proud to resemble Chaucer. 



£80 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

But there are farewells and farewells; very diverse in spirit 
from one another. There are kindly and affectionate farewells, 
like this of Chaucer to his book, which, we may be sure, are not 
final, but recurrent, which are rather an Auf Wiedersehen than 
a dismissal. There are also spurning and contemptuous leave- 
takings, rather a fare-ill than a farewell, like that of William 
Morris, Chaucer's modern emulator, to his silk hat. For the 
ordinary conventionalities of costume and fashion, it should be 
premised, Morris had as great a distaste as some students have 
for their books: they were a bore and irritation to him, any re- 
lease from which would be welcomed as permanent. "In 1871," 
the story goes, "he accepted a place on the directorate of the 
mining company from which a large proportion of the income of 
his mother and sisters as well as his own was derived. For the 
purpose of attending directors' meetings he kept a tall hat, which 
he hardly wore on any other occasion, and which caused him 
untold discomfort. . . . When he resigned his directorship four 
years afterwards he came home from the last meeting he had 
attended and solemnly sat down upon his tall hat, which was 
never replaced." Quite evidently in taking leave of that symbol 
of discomfort there was no devotion left over to give the re- 
linquished custom promise of renewal. 

W'HEN we reflect that, of the huge company of college men 
who are now bidding the season's farewell to their books and their 
devotion, one-quarter are taking final leave of their college course, 
our natural next thought is of the kind of farewell they are taking. 
Is it the Anj Wiedersehen, eager to welcome any opportunity that 
life's chances may permit of kindly recurrence to them, or is it 
the spurn and kick with which men cast off an incubus.^ The 
question assumes a real importance just in these uneasy times 
on account of the spirit and sentiment which, as many allege, 
has invaded our American college life. Educators are deploring 
the wide-spread, well-nigh universal contempt for learning in our 
colleges. Just now, when there is such a bewildering mass of 
things to learn, when so many specialized vistas of research and 
achievement open out, and all are so alluring, we are confronted 
with a disheartening state of things, — the students fail to be 
allured. Their minds are on something else, — some ephemeral 



EDITORIAL NOTES 281 

pursuit more easy, or more exciting, or more productive of quick 
and renuuierative results; and so their farewell to college — to 
the college of work and purpose — is just the shaking-off of a thing 
they have never loved and that never really got into their souls. 
Their familiarity — such as it w^as — has bred only contempt or 
indifference; and they toss aside their four years' conversance 
with books with the same sense of relief that Morris had when 
he sat on his silk hat. And with much the same motive, too. 
"You see," Morris said once to a friend, "one can't go about 
London in a top hat: it looks so devilish odd." With a like feel- 
ing of appearances, many a graduate is ready to say, "One can't 
go about the world with the marks of a book upon him: they 
are the marks of the grind and the dullard, or at best of the 
anaemic and futile high-brow." So, whatever other marks the 
man bears from college into livelihood, — and they may be good 
in themselves, — too often the mark of the book is very faint, 
if traceable at all; and the book itself, so wisely devised to be the 
educated man's refuge and comrade forever, is tossed into the 
dust-bin. So far as the real spirit of scholarship is concerned, 
this spring-time farewell is no true farewell at all; for you cannot 
bid farewell to a thing to which you have never been introduced: 
it is only an escape from a thing against which the man's spirit 
has chafed and which has made only the vain appeal of an 
alien. I am not saying how far this is so in our college life: 
I am only taking occasion of this sane and wholesome farewell of 
Chaucer's to describe — perhaps to an extreme— the spurious fare- 
well which is so naturally taken if the spirit of contempt for 
learning iilvades the college, as our critics allege it already prevails. 

Let us leave the muck-raking, however, to those who are 
built that way: we may be sure they will find what they have 
a nose for. Our only answer to it, if in some degree the reproach 
fits us, lies within ourselves; and our one plain duty, if as teachers 
and alumni we see the blight encroaching, is best expressed in 
an apostle's advice to "strengthen the things which remain that 
are ready to die." How to turn the current of sentiment from 
contempt and indifference to reverence and love, — there is, indeed, 
the problem. It is not solved merely by leading the horse to 
water, — the water is there in drenching abundance, the college 



282 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

and the age full of it, — but we cannot make him drink. We 
must fall back on the task of doing what we can to make him 
thirsty. And how to induce the thirst.'' Salt is good for the pur- 
pose, they say: more is the pity, then, if in any degree the salt 
itself has lost its savor. The savor of learning — the salt that at 
once preserves its vitality and induces appetency for it — must be 
cherished somewhere. That is a question for us who have the 
education of our sons and younger brothers in charge. It is not 
a question of making severe demands or of raising the stand- 
ards, or of introducing new courses or of perpetuating the old. 
All these are good in their time and occasion, but they are of the 
letter. This is a thing of the spirit; and the spirit of learning is 
imparted only spiritually. 

It is with a sense of refreshment that we turn back from 
these modern bafBements to Chaucer's sweet and kindly farewell. 
That was pre-eminently a thing of the spirit. With the com- 
ing of the spring and the vacation he had reached a cultural 
point where it was safe — nay, and upbuilding — to let his book 
and his devotion go. This he could do with serene absence of 
any guilty or apologetic feeling as if he were running away from 
duty, and equally of any spirit of lawlessness as of one who 
has coerced his will under sour protest and now indulges a 
native instinct to be tough. His book and his devotion were 
as congenial to the real fibre of his nature as are now the fields 
and the release. No contempt of learning there, but rather the 
sincere love and reverence which made his study as zestful as 
play and as sacred as a religion. So, also, when the song of the 
spring stirred him, he could afl^ord to bid it all farewell, because he 
took the winter's values with him, seasoning and ripening in the 
deeper soil of his being. As another poet expresses it, — 

" One day, perhaps such song so knit the nerve 
That work grew play and vanished." 

A book is, after all, a kind of prop or scaffold; and the ideal is, 
when you have made its values your own, to be able to stand 
without it. It has done its work when it has added some ele- 
ment to the wealth of your individuality. So the vacation that 
follows the book is not a vacancy, nor is its idleness a sterility, 
but a fruitage. Now this, when we come to think of it, is just 



EDITORIAL NOTES 28.'? 

the ideal that is seeking its rights in college life. If it applies 
to the release of each recurring spring, it api)lies with fourfold 
})o\ver to the last release of all, the graduation into the stern 
exactions of livelihood. In a very true sense we may say the 
true college life is a cumulative preparation for the time when it 
is safe and rewarding to say, "Farewell my book and my devo- 
tion." And so, "thogh that we can but lyte," we fall into line 
with Chaucer. 



WHATEVER defects are discovered or schemes of improve- 
ment urged in business and industry are pretty sure 
to find a parallel in education; for, indeed, education 
is both a business and an industry. The methods peculiar to 
each pursuit are scrutinized; the results obtained are meas- 

rr.1. /-. r ured, often with dismay at the small amount 

The Cry for „ , , , • , , • , 

j^ff> . ot the actual as compared with what might 

have been accomplished. Just now the cry is 
for efficiency. All along the line it extends, to skilled and un- 
skilled labor alike. As soon as experts look into any business 
or industry, one of the first things to claim their attention is the 
immense amount of leakage and shrinkage, the number of false 
and futile motions that impair or reduce the work, the huge per- 
centage of energy that runs to waste. Energy enough they find, 
indeed, only a small proportion of which, however, can show re- 
sults in efficient work. And so they are studying how to stop the 
holes and gaps, how to improve appliances, how to regulate 
methods, how to transform wastage into by-products. Hence the 
movement toward efficiency, which, true to the prevailing temper 
of our time, experimenters are trying to specialize into order and 
system, calling their aim scientific efficiency. 

That there, is a sad amount of leakage and shrinkage in our 
college courses, — in the best of them, — none are better aware 
than the teachers who have them in charge. They feel poignantly 
how little, how very little, ordered and rounded knowledge of 
the subject the student carries away from the class-room, how 
twisted and crooked, or at best undigested, is the morsel that 



284 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

he gets. They know well, not even the newspapers better, how 
small a percentage of productive energy, in any calling whatever, 
a college diploma guarantees. For this they take their due share 
of the blame, if blame is to be imputed, — more than their share, 
perhaps, though they must needs be silent; and the student 
never knows how much of their work they do in the dark, uncheered 
by his appreciation and uncertain whether with all their efforts 
they have succeeded in doing him real and permanent good. 
And, if they must lilame the student, his own conscience may 
acknowledge its justice or he may be resentful. In any case he 
is as little aware how much they have leaned to mercy and exten- 
uation as he is how much more money has been laid out on his 
education than he or his parent has ever paid. But I am not 
speaking of the shrinkage to which blame is attached. There 
is enough of this, goodness knows, — the shirk and the bluffer we 
have always with us, a handicap to the efficiency and honor of 
the college. Nor am I now joining in the popular censure of the 
side-issues that have encroached to deflect the true aims of college 
life. These, as Kipling says, are another story; and there are 
two sides to them. I am speaking rather of the student to whom 
we can impute hard work and earnest intentions; and I am think- 
ing of how much we must discount for his poor fit, for his thick 
head, for his twisted perceptions of things, for his uncongenial 
heredity j^nay, for the shallow brilliancy whose knowledge is only 
a touch and go with nothing solid underneath. I am thinking 
of how much energy must be buried in the effort to make his 
mind work clear and straight. And I am thinking still further 
of the very nature of the case. His teachers have dwelt with 
their subject through years of specialization and repetition; have 
explored it until they have a sense of its absolute values, of its 
scope and bounds. He, on the other hand, is getting only his 
first introduction to it, and time does not permit him to carry it 
far. He can take away with him only the beginnings of it, per- 
haps only a point of view. We cannot judge his acquired knowl- 
edge by absolute standards; we cannot mark his papers as an 
original contribution to the subject. Very evidently, the shrink- 
age, by ideal measurement, is bound to be great. The subtrac- 
tions of business and industry hardly compare with them, are not 
in the same class. 



EDITORIAL NOTES 28j 

In view of all this the case for efficiency in the college conrses 
seems to look rather dark. How are we going to get at it? Very 
evidently, college efficiency is not to be estimated in foot-pounds, 
nor promoted by any method analogous to reducing the number 
of motions employed in handling a ton of pig-iron or laying a 
dozen bricks. Our scientific efficiency, if it merits the epithet 
at all, must start from a different unit, and must go on to a science 
beyond science. In fact, we must aim at inducing a spiritual 
movement and habitude which does not finish its work at Com- 
mencement, but simply commences then — as the word implies. 
Its activity may still be hidden when we hand the student his 
diploma, and in his later life it may never express itself in terms 
of his college departments; but so also an adjustment of intel- 
lectual molecules, a co-ordination of spiritual elements, may be 
going on within, which, when the stress of real issues comes, may 
come out into some authentic sureness and mastery. If the 
efficiency imparted in college is merely the efficiency of a point of 
view and a line of attack, why that is something, and time may 
prove it to be the vital and essential thing. I am led to this re- 
flection by some remarks of Sir W. M. Ramsay, the eminent pro- 
fessor of humanity in Aberdeen University, who, it seems, is no 
more exempt than we from the teacher's doubts of his efficiency. 
"Is it so unusual a thing," he says, "for the pupils of a great 
teacher to miss his meaning.^ Does not every teacher in a uni- 
versity learn by experience that, except in so far as he dictates 
his lectures and has them reproduced to him (which trains the 
power of memory, but not of thinking), the examinations which 
he sets to his pupils are a constant humiliation to him, because 
he finds that the things on which he has lavished all his efforts 
at explanation and clear statement are reproduced to him more 
or less wrongly (generally wholly wrong) by 80 per cent, of his 
classes.^ Yet he will find years later that he had not failed so 
completely as he fancied, and that far more was understood in 
the future than at the moment." 

In this last remark we reach the reassuring consideration, for 
the sake of which the teacher may take heart of hope. Engaged 
as he is in the work of making school-boys into thinking men, he 
must work witli all temperaments and capacities, and must con- 



286 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

stantly face a greater or less shrinkage from the ideal both of 
getting his subject rightly presented and of lodging it straight 
and proportioned in the student's mind. The call for efficiency 
is as imperative as the presence of limitation is certain. There 
is little chance for self-gratulation at the results. But neither 
will it pay for him to repine or despair. He can only work in- 
trepidly, with the best methods his subject and purpose will 
bear, and induce his students, the quick and the slow, to do the 
same. Meanwhile he may not be afraid to give them much that 
they cannot understand. Not all that goes into one ear comes out 
at the other, — even if it does not come out, or comes out distorted, 
at the mouth. Just because this is their first taste of the subject, 
he need not confine himself to spoon-meat or predigested food. 
It w^ill do them no harm to try their teeth on the big things, the 
things that are beyond their present stage of maturity : it is grati- 
fjang to see who will rise to it, and if it is in them to fail — well, 
it is no worse to fail in a big thing than in a small. One more 
thing, too, if the teacher is wise, he will discount, though it may 
make him wince to see his subject wronged. He will not expect 
them to reproduce his whole mind or his exact view of the truth. 
Their minds are not moulds for castings, but seed-plots for growth 
and fruitage. And years hence, when their minds have become 
self-directive, the subject, if great and vital, will return mixed 
with a new ingredient, — the student's own brain and heart, — and 
thus, perchance, a new and individual value will be born into 
the world. That is the goal of our dream of efficiency. 



' \\ 7~E must not forget that piece of white nephrite which came 

VV/ to Troy all the way from China." I find this remark in 

" ^ Professor Gilbert Murray's book, "The Rise of the Greek 

Epic." What has white nephrite to do with the rise of epics.f^ 

rr-i .^ T»' £ TTI71 • ... wc naturally ask: what has a piece of 

That Piece of White . , i ^ , • , , ■ 

^ Vi 't jade-stone, such as we find ticketed m a 

mineralogical museum, to do with the 
rarest product of the human mind, such as we see embodied in 
works of supreme and deathless literature.'^ The two are such 
poles apart that we have been disposed to put them into uncom- 
municating compartments by themselves, and deem that science 



EDITORIAL NOTES 287 

and literature, or, more broadly, the practical and the iniajfinative, 
must needs be alien to each other, pulling in ways nnitually de- 
structive. Professor Murray, in his visit to us, has been disabus- 
ing us of this idea; has been helping us, as we roamed with him 
among the values of Greek poetry, not to forget that piece of 
white nephrite, but rather to take it out of its slumber as a curi- 
osity in a museum, and fit it in among the vital elements — which 
include also the most ethereal and poetical elements — of our 
common humanity. It is a rare service that he has done us. 

About that piece of white nephrite, — what is it that it will 
not do to forget.'^ It takes us back to the shadowy old city of 
Troy, round whose walls, as every school-boy has read. Homer's 
heroes fought and Achilles dragged the body of Hector. It has 
all been a poet's dream to us, and in our pride of concrete knowledge 
we have got into the way of saying, as children do of their invented 
fairy tales, "It was not so: Homer — or the shoal of minstrels 
into which he deliquesced — only just said so." But, if that was 
not so, what was so.^ We have been slow to raise this construc- 
tive question, our time has been so taken up with denying. Pro- 
fessor Murray, who is eminently constructive, goes back in time 
away beyond Homer, showing us that, if that was not so, some- 
thing just as inspiring was, and he does not forget what that piece 
of white nephrite has to do with the answer, which is as scientific 
as it is literary. "At Troy," he says, "there are the remains of 
no less than six cities, one above the other. There was a great 
city there in 2000 B.C., the second of the series. Even in the 
second city there was discovered a fragment of white nephrite, 
a rare stone not found anywhere nearer than China, and testifying 
to the distances which trade could travel by slow and unconscious 
routes in early times. That city was destroyed by war and fire; 
and others followed. The greatest of all was the sixth city, which 
we may roughly identify with the Troy of Greek legend. Of 
this city we can see the wide circuit, the well-built stone walls, 
the terraces, the gates, and the flanking towers. We have opened 
the treasure-houses and tombs, and have seen the great golden 
ornaments and imports from the East. Then we see the marks 
of flame on the walls; and afterwards what.^ One struggling 
attempt at a seventh city; a few potsherds to mark the passage 



288 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

of some generations of miserable villages; and eventually the 
signs of the Greek town of New Ilion, many hundreds of years 
later and well within the scope of continuous history." In this 
archaeological sketch we can see where the white nephrite fits in. 
It is as eloquent for history as a fossil is for geology. And here 
is what we must not forget. "We must recognize," he says, 
"that the existence of such rich and important centres, dependent 
entirely upon sea-borne commerce, argues both a wide trade and 
a considerably high and stable civilization. . . . And we must 
by no means regard the masters of these cities as mere robber 
chieftains or levyers of blackmail. Commerce dies if it is too 
badly treated; and ^Egean commerce lived and flourished for an 
extremely long time." The white nephrite has thus told its part 
of the story. The remark about it which I quoted at the outset 
comes where I have put the dots above. It functions not as a 
rare specimen for a museum, but as an element in a masterly 
piece of constructive and disciplined imagination. 

When science, not so many years ago as eras run, committed 
itself to the dogmas of universal cosmic law, the conservation and 
correlation of forces, and the evolution of species, it opened a 
tremendous field to the imagination. The dogmas themselves 
we look upon as results of close and cautious reasoning, and they 
are; but just as truly they are colossal feats of realizing and con- 
structive imagination, or, in other words, of an emancipated and 
venturous idealism. Only, it was imagination resting not on the 
wild soarings of fancy, but on the stern investigation of facts. 
Naturally, it prospered first in the field where it began, the field 
of the physical sciences, — biology, physics, chemistry, geology; 
and so greatly that our friends the scientists came within one of 
being arrogant and intolerant, as if they had pre-empted the 
whole field. But such emancipated idealism could not be bound. 
It had awakened the poetic nature along with the statistical; it 
overflowed into history and legend and myth; it interrogated 
with the same scientific keenness and caution the ideas of men as 
well as the ideas of nature. One is lost in contemplating the 
immense enlargement of imagination that has resulted. From 
the remotest star to the minutest microbe it has extended, from 
the most elusive myth to the piece of white nephrite; and every- 



EDITORIALNOTKS 289 

thing is a live element in the tremendous whole, correlated some- 
how with everything' else. And the outcome is increasingly like 
the evolution of a world-poem, a ttoit^o-i?, in the sane old Greek 
sense. It is not too nuich to say our age is witnessing not the 
rise of the Greek epic, nor of the mediaeval : a mightier pageant 
is unfolding before it, the epic of a universe. 

This may seem a presumptuous thing to connect with the 
recent plea for Greek studies, and the '85 memorial, and the 
Trustees' response, and the visit of Gilbert Murray. Not so: 
it is just what our liberal education must awake to. I am speak- 
ing now not for Amherst alone, but for the whole company of 
candidates, the country through, for light and vision. Under 
these plans of ours there lies a deep conviction that the awaking 
is slow: I dare not say too slow, for great movements are slow, 
in proportion to their greatness and their prophecy. We cannot 
hasten them: we can only "do the nexte thing," — the thing that 
raises us a step toward the larger horizon. Meanwhile "so 
crusted and stiffened is the mind with traditional thinking" that 
the emancipation had been delayed until an alien sentiment had 
crept in to all our higher institutions of learning; learning itself 
was becoming a thing despised, while the student instinct reacted 
to social life and athletics. That it was becoming a thing de- 
spised may have meant that it had become a thing sterile, tor- 
pid. We cannot say the student reaction was wholly unhealthy. 
Like Browning's Fra Lippo Lippi, they may have had the dim 
glimmerings of another ideal, which, from whatever cause, was 
not being fed. 

Let's see what the urchin's fit for' — that came next, 
Not overmuch their way, I must confess. 
Such a to-do! They tried me with their books: 
Lord, they'd have taught me Latin in pure waste!" 

To such youthful sneerers — whose sneer is only skin-deep — the 
proposed insistence on Greek learning, a thing so generally dis- 
credited, might seem to be a waste even more absolute: it must 
seem so, perhaps, as it were a hopeless stick-fast in old-fogy ism, 
until they had a clearer vision of what a liberal education is for, 
and what it was so imperfectly giving them. 



290 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

Here is where we feel the inestimable value of Professor 
Murray's residence among us. It was no small ideal that the 
trustees had in mind in calling him, nor any restricted response 
to the demand of the times. And it is hard to see how he could 
have provided more fitly. Professor Murray came among us not 
as a mere public lecturer; though he was that, leading delighted 
audiences to vistas of learning and literature which they never 
could have compassed, and yet wherein the human nature of a 
remote past lived and breathed before them. But his stipulated 
condition of coming was different, — that he should dwell with us 
as a teacher, meeting our Greek classes regularly, working shoulder 
to shoulder with our faculty. He conducted two classes, one of 
forty-three, the regular Greek divisions, the other an advanced 
class of six, who had eagerly volunteered to avail themselves of 
the privilege. To them it was the opportunity of a lifetime, 
which they felt they could not afford to miss, thus to come in per- 
sonal contact with a master of scholarship. But so in its way it 
was to all who heard him, and still more to those who responded to 
his charming personality. Here, we felt, was scholarship at its 
noblest, ^ — accessible, attractive, magnetic, not posing as erudition, 
not scorning the dull and ignorant, — scholarship that had become 
the spontaneous expression of life, 

" wearing all that weight 
Of learning lightly like a flower." 

It was no small service on his part to have done so much to put 
us in love with scholarship. But his visit to us meant far more. 
It opened our eyes to the larger reaches, the finer values, the 
broader relations, of study, — not Greek study alone; for the partic- 
ular specialty is, after all, only an incident in the vast correlation 
of cultural forces. Through the working of his mind, so poetically 
gifted, so unerringly accurate, one had a sense of how science and 
imagination are mutually supporting fellow - workers in repro- 
ducing the grand drama of human life, the epic of a universe. It 
is much for us to realize to some degree that our educational 
outlook in every direction is so limitless and vital. We can no 
longer be insensible to the ideal and poetic values that illuminate 
nature and history and literature; nor, on the side of research, 
can we afford to forget "that piece of white nephrite which 
came to Troy all the way from China." 



PRESIDENT Harris's administration 291 

PRESIDENT HARRIS'S ADMINISTRATION 

WILLISTOX WALKER 

THE termination of an academic administration is always 
an event of significance in the life of an American college. 
In no small measure it marks the end of the familiar and 
the beginning of a fresh experiment. The corporate character 
of the institution in its larger aspects and that indefinable reality 
which is called the college spirit are, indeed, too permanent to 
be altered radically by any change of leadership. The college is 
the product of no single workman. To it faculty, trustees, and 
alumni give of their best. But so intimately are the interests 
of an American college bound up with its president that each 
administration makes an epoch in its history, the characteristics 
of which are determined largely by the personality and ideals 
of the president himself. As such a period of definite qualities 
and permanent significance in the life of Amherst College, the thir- 
teen years of the leadership of President Harris, just closing, are 
deserving of special attention. 

If consideration is directed first of all to the more external 
features of this administration, the outstanding characteristic is 
that of steady and remarkable material growth. Amherst College 
is vastly stronger to-day in financial resources and physical equip- 
ment than when President Harris began his service. Figures in 
the treasurer's report, and brick and mortar on the campus, are, 
indeed, poor indices of the real life of a college, but they show 
that it has friends who value its past and desire to aid its future; 
and no growth is possible without some expansion of material 
resources. What has taken place at Amherst in these thirteen 
years has not been spectacular. No single gift has been received 
of a size to attract wide-reaching public attention. Yet the 
results have been none the less notable. In 1899 the total prop- 
erty of the College was $2,304,619, of which $1,472,619 was in 
productive funds and $820,000 in the educational plant. Since 
then the property of the College has risen to $3,748,930, and of 
this sum the increase in its endowment has been $1,247,873, 
while the educational plant is now valued at $1,088,731, No 



292 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

less significant has been the gain in the number of instructors 
and the accompanying increase in expenditure for salaries. In 
the thirteen years under review the teaching force has grown 
from thirty-two to forty-eight, while those engaged in adminis- 
tration now number eight as compared with five in 1899. The 
salaries paid to both classes have risen from $75,950 to $132,500, 
the individual average compensation of all classes of these servants 
of the College having increased from $2,053 to $2,366. In the 
higher ranks of instruction the increase has been much more 
considerable than these averages indicate. Meanwhile the 
student roll has shown a steady and healthful growth, having 
risen from three hundred and seventy-six in 1899 to four hundred 
and sixty-four at the present time. 

The alumnus who returns for Commencement will doubtless 
readily appreciate certain features of the material augmentation 
that has marked the structures of the College during the admin- 
istration under review, but, unless he consults the Treasurer's 
office, he will hardly estimate its full amount. The new Biologi- 
cal-Geological Laboratory, the Pratt Memorial Dormitory, the 
Pratt Natatorium, the Pratt Skating Rink, the renovated and 
dignified College Hall, the Astronomical Observatory, the release 
of the old Chapel from its years of shabby ptrint, the spacious 
Hitchcock Field, with its great possibilities of development, will 
stand evident before him. But not so conspicuous, though no 
less worthy of recollection, are the remodelling of the old Barrett 
Gymnasium into a commodious recitation building, the equip- 
ment of the Octagon for the use of the Department of Music, 
the new organ in the Johnson Chapel, the enlargement of the 
seating capacity of the College Church, with the addition there 
also of a new organ, the adjustment of Hitchcock Hall for use 
as the College Commons, the provision of a nurses' cottage in 
connection with the Infirmary, and the general establishment of 
electric lighting throughout the buildings and grounds. A com- 
prehensive plan has been prepared by the best landscape archi- 
tects in America, which may be expected to control the develop- 
ment of the college property for years to come, and to eventuate 
in a beauty and a symmetry which will add increasingly to Am- 
herst's attractiveness. The collection of portraits of eminent 
sons of the College has been well begun and a work initiated 



PRESIDENT Harris's administratiox 293 

which will serve to remind coming generations of students of 
the achievements of those who have gone before them. 

This impression of growth during the administration just 
closing is equally evident, if one turns from these more external 
and material concerns to the intellectual activities of the College. 
The increase in the teaching force and in the numbers of the stu- 
dent body has already been noted. The growth in student en- 
rolment has been secured by no lowering of standards. On the 
contrary, the requirements both for entrance and for graduation 
have been decidedly augmented. A diploma from Amherst 
means more than it did, intellectually, thirteen years ago. Harder 
work and better work is now done by the average student. The 
so-called "scientific course" has been abolished. The curriculum 
has been systematized, and so adjusted that, without losing the 
advantages of a considerable flexibility in elective choices, the 
student pursues a course leading to definite intellectual goals 
and demanding extensive mastery of the main subjects of his 
studies. Above all, Amherst now stands committed to the policy 
of emphasizing the cultural rather than the vocational aspects 
of the curriculum. It aims to give its sons a broad, intelligent 
outlook upon the world rather than a technical preparation for 
some chosen profession. It does not hold, as is sometimes pop- 
ularly supposed, that the classics are the sole media of culture, 
though it values the classics highly and strongly encourages their 
pursuit. Amherst believes that modern languages and literature, 
the sciences, philosophy, history, and economics all have their 
share in a well-rounded equipment for life; but it conceives these 
studies as the discipline of a cultivated manhood rather than as 
professional tools. It would say: Let the special preparation 
come later. The College will do its utmost to make its sons 
men of broad and deep intellectual sympathies. 

These scholastic ideals have not been altogether easy to develop 
and maintain. In considerable measure they run counter to 
the tendencies of the age. It has been a time of transition and 
of shifting educational currents in American institutions of learn- 
ing. In Amherst, however, the recent years have seen a growth 
towards a definite educational ideal and towards the development 
of an educational policy which will increasingly give to the College 
a distinctive intellectual atmosphere. 



294 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

A further growth which the administration under review has 
brought is the increment of harmony and good-will in all college 
relationship. For reasons • which need not be enumerated the 
beginning of President Harris's administration fell in a difBcult 
time. Much division of sentiment existed in the College. There 
was some friction to be relieved. There were harmonious read- 
justments to be created. All this was successfully and almost 
immediately accomplished. The period under review has been 
marked by hearty co-operation and good-will. The spirit of the 
College has been quickened. The sense of solidarity between 
students and Faculty has been increased. A cordial and co-oper- 
ant desire to work together for the good of the College has been 
one of the chief characteristics of the period. Very much of this 
desirable result has been due to the personality of the President 
himself. His open-mindedness, his fairness of judgment, his 
courtesy in all relations, his patience, and his tact have been 
conspicuous factors in fostering the spirit of loyalty and unity 
of interest now so markedly characteristic of the College. 

In his relations with the student body President Harris has 
been peculiarly happy. He has welcomed them to his home. He 
has tried to share their problems and to make them feel that in 
him they had a sympathetic and faithful adviser. In this most 
important work he has had the utmost assistance of his charming 
and gracious wife. Students have seen in him not merely the 
head of the College, but a true friend, interested in their welfare, 
kindly in his judgment of their shortcomings, just in his decisions, 
and helpful to the utmost of his ability in all relationships. The 
graduates of these thirteen years cherish warm and grateful recol- 
lections as they think of President and Mrs. Harris. The tact 
of the President has perhaps nowhere been more evidenced than 
in his capacity for what may be called indirect leadership. He 
has not lacked firmness or decision when direct action was de- 
manded, but he has so moulded student opinion by quiet sugges- 
tion and by unobtrusive personal influence that much which really 
emanated from the President has seemed to the student body to 
be the fruit of their own volition. Customs and sentiments have 
changed for the better under the scarcely perceived constraint 
which his influence has imposed. There has been growth_in 
courtesy, good order, and manliness. 



PRESIDENT Harris's administration 295 

Doubtless these results are the work of many hands. A college 
is the result of co-operant effort in which common labor achieves 
a joint accomplishment. President Harris would be the last to 
claim that the growth which is the dominant characteristic of his 
administration is his accomplishment alone or is in all instances 
due to his initiative. But his has been the guiding hand at the 
rudder, his the leadership in institutional life, and his the admin- 
istration in which these results have been achieved. It is with 
satisfaction that any son of Amherst can look back on the thir- 
teen years just closing. They leave the College stronger, larger, 
more definite in policy, and with greater promise for the future 
than they began. As President Harris now lays down the burden 
of his office, he will carry with him the grateful recognition of 
the alumni for what he has accomplished, the conviction that it 
has been a work well done, and the personal affection of those 
who have been associated with him or have come under his charge. 
He has written a worthy and a memorable chapter in the history 
of Amherst College. 



296 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



PRESIDENT HARRIS: A PERSONAL APPRE- 
CIATION 



M' 



WILLIAM JEWETT TUCKER 

Y friendship with President Harris began in a very genuine 
kind of comradeship. Each of us had left the pulpit 
when relatively young to take part in the training of men 
for the ministry. We were both graduates of Andover Seminary, 
to which we returned to serve on its Faculty, Mr. Harris as the 
successor of Professor Edwards A. Park and myself as the suc- 
cessor of Professor Austin Phelps. That was toward the close 
of what we are accustoming ourselves to call the last century; 
or, dating the time professionally, it was at the beginning of that 
period of theological and social unrest which has made the ministry 
of this generation so stimulating and so exacting a profession. 

The work of a theological school in a time of unrest has much 
to do with readjustments and advances in religious thought, — 
changes which inevitably lead to controversy. The Andover 
controversy was the result of one among several like endeavors 
to interpret and satisfy the new demands for religious progress. 
The Andover Review, established by five members of the Faculty, 
with the support of their colleagues, to advocate some of the 
more advanced views and methods, soon brought the editors 
under the suspicion of their more conservative brethren in the 
churches; and later a collection of certain editorials into a book 
under the title of "Progressive Orthodoxy" led to charges of 
heresy against the editors. The ecclesiastical and legal trials 
which followed covered a period of six years, from the opening 
trial of the ecclesiastical court held in the old United States Hotel, 
Boston, in the fall of 1886, and presided over by President Julius 
H. Seelye as chairman of the Board of Visitors of Andover Semi- 
nary, to the session of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachu- 
setts in 1891, when Chief Justice Field rendered a decision setting 
aside the adverse verdict of the ecclesiastical court in the case 
of Professor Smyth, the Board of Visitors itself dismissing the 
charges in the following year. 



PRESIDENT HARRIS: A PERSONAL APPRECIATION 297 

These were the times and experiences which developed the 
spirit of comradeship to which I have referred, — "the good old 
times," as President Harris recalled them in a recent letter, "of 
the Andorer Review and the war." "Good" they certainly were 
for the making and cementing of friendship, for the growth of 
trust and confidence, for the development of the elemental qualities 
of friendship, — stanchness, courage, and loyalty. Comradeship, 
however, is only the militant part of friendship, and, if it is to sur- 
vive the occasion which calls it out, it must be able to pass the 
permanent test of congeniality. Ultimately, friendship must fall 
back upon the equalities which reside in the man himself and which 
act naturally without the stimulus of occasions. Any one who 
knows President Harris knows the meaning of those personal 
qualities which are so characteristic of him and which give him 
such distinction, but I could not go on to speak of these without 
calling up those elemental qualities which came out so finely in 
the days of our comradeship. 

To me, as doubtless to all of his friends, the most characteristic 
thing about Dr. Harris is his absolute naturalness. No one of us 
would speak of him as a child of nature, for he is equally a man 
of the world; but his naturalness is no less the characteristic 
which is continually in evidence. At home as he is in the con- 
ventions of society, there is always the charm of unconvention- 
ality about him. His mind is as free from affectation as from cant. 
There is no trace of artifice in his manner or in his style. His 
range of attractiveness and eflSciency is very much wider than 
that of most men in his position, because he can say and do so 
many things so much more naturally. Of course, this is due in 
part to his mental alertness and to his ready humor, but the 
inclusive and comprehending quality is naturalness. That makes 
the atmosphere. It gives him the easy power of adaptation. As 
was said of a brilliant Englishman, — "a man of letters among men 
of the world, a man of the world among men of letters." 

Whenever I read any of Dr. Harris's writings, I am impressed 
with their unanswerable reasonableness. I chanced the other 
day to take down from my shelves his "Moral Evolution." I 
doubt if a more convincing work on this or any kindred subject 
has been published within recent years, — convincing because of 
its intelligence, fairness, and breadth of thought. It covers a 



298 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

wide range of investigation, but it never loses its direction or 
breaks its unity. The consistency of part with part prevents 
waste and supports the argument as it widens and advances. The 
same reasonableness characterizes all of Dr. Harris's utterances. 
It made his contribution to our old-time discussions of subjects 
then in controversy of the greatest possible value. He always 
kept his poise. Controversy never jostled his mind. His mental 
machinery was never thrown out of gear. Unfortunately, we 
have not had the same intimate relations in executive work as 
we had in teaching and in editing, but I can well understand how 
much the success of Dr. Harris's administration must have been 
due to his mental poise. If I were asked to name at once two 
indispensable qualifications for a college president, at least in 
his dealings with students, I should name the sense of proportion 
and the sense of humor. Many a college administration has 
gone to pieces for want of discrimination between essentials and 
non-essentials, between the human and the things which are 
always trying to get above the human or in place of it. I could 
never think of Dr. Harris as losing his sense of proportion any 
more than I could think of him as losing his sense of humor. 

The lucidity which marks Dr. Harris's writings and all of his 
public utterances is much more than a matter of style or even of 
thought: it is the natural expression of his inherent truthfulness. 
He sees things clearly because he is determined to see things as 
they are. He has the vision of the truth-loving man. And yet 
this lucidity is far more than accuracy. It is understanding, dis- 
cernment, comprehension. His handling of a truth is like that of 
a man who holds a gem in firm but easy grasp, and flashes light 
from it at every angle. With all of Dr. Harris's conciseness of 
statement he never lets a truth get out of reach till he has made 
it clear. He has the delightful art of simplification, showing it 
sometimes in analysis, sometimes by illustration, and sometimes 
by the expansion of a thought to its full proportion. Dr. Harris 
belongs to the order of interpreters. His originality is not of the 
useless sort. As a man of learning, he has not lost contact with 
the every-day mind. He sees beyond the range of most men, 
but he sees the things for which many of us are looking. I have 
often said to myself when listening to him, — "That is it, the very 
thing I have been wanting to say: I wish I could have said it." 



PRESIDENT HARRIS: A PERSONAL APPRECIATION 299 

But in interpreting to us our own better thoughts and ideals lie 
never leaves us in a self-satisfied mood, as if we had furnished 
the material. His thought comes out with the stamp of ownershi]> 
on it. It would be impossible to repeat it without quoting it. 
It remains his, but it easily makes itself at home with us because 
it enters our minds by way of interpretation. 

I have referred incidentally to Dr. Harris's humor. This, 
again, is an expression and sign of his naturalness. It is insepar- 
able from him. I like to think of humor as a proof of genuineness. 
The men of humor whom I know are genuine men. It is well 
worth saying, though it goes without saying, that they are very 
human, ^^^latever the exterior, underneath there is always 
sensitiveness to human conditions. Hence the natural associa- 
tion of humor with pathos or with some kind of emotion. This 
other kind of emotion is perhaps seldom in evidence, but it may be 
assumed. The contrast in outward manner which often makes 
humor so effective is evidence of restraint, never of the lack of 
sensibility. The delicious humor of Dr. Harris which makes him 
so companionable makes him no less influential. It reveals 
qualities of which we like to be assured. Dr. Harris is no jester, 
no mere story-teller. His humor is wisdom at play, — more often 
perhaps in earnest. The quaint observation, the apt repartee, 
the pungent saying, are simply in and of the man himself. They 
represent the human look at life, the human sense of it, the hu- 
man experience of it. For this reason it would be folly to illustrate 
the humor of Dr. Harris by quoting his sayings. The saying goes 
with the situation. It takes its own legitimate part in the impres- 
sion of the moment or the hour. It makes the man for the time 
being more quickening, more sympathetic, more stimulating, not 
infrequently more earnest and impressive. 

As I have already suggested, my intimacy with Dr. Harris has 
not been of quite the same sort as formerly, since each of us went 
his own way into administrative work. The team-work of a pro- 
fessional faculty, especially under the conditions to which I have 
referred, is very different as a stimulus to companionship from the 
occasional conference of college presidents. In fact, the posi- 
tion of a college president is at its best rather a lonesome place. 
For one thing, the element of time at personal command is almost 
entirely wanting, and other considerations growing out of the 



300 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

nature of the work give the position a somewhat unsocial environ- 
ment. But I have none the less a very definite opinion of Dr. 
Harris as a man of affairs. Few men have a better understanding 
of human nature or a better knowledge of individual men or of 
the ways of the world. His power of observation is remarkable. 
He has that rare sort of intelligence which takes in those incidents 
in conversation or in action which, though apparently slight, are 
so determining. The combination of keenness with breadth and 
generosity is somewhat unusual. Dr. Harris has this in marked 
degree. I do not know of any one who can detect a foible so 
readily who is at the same time disposed to treat its unfortunate 
possessor so charitably. Dr. Harris never takes the advantage 
of opponents or, as is quite apt to be the case with keen men, of 
friends, but his quick and accurate judgments are none the less 
of practical service to him and to his associates. I think that 
his methods of administration must have been equally a source of 
confidence and of pleasure to the Trustees of Amherst. Busi- 
ness must be business, careful and exact, but it need not be dull. 
A sane, broad-minded, alert executive can make a business meet- 
ing at once assuring and inspiriting. The tribute of the Trustees 
of Amherst to the retiring President is everywhere recognized 
among his fellow-educators as a most just testimony to his sagac- 
ity. In the annual meetings of New England college presidents 
and delegates it was always a moment of interest when the turn 
of the discussion brought out Dr. Harris. He never missed the 
right word and often had the decisive word. I need not say that 
he took less time than most of us. If Dr. Harris has any sins of a 
public sort to answer for, he stands as free from the charge of 
defrauding his fellow-speakers as from the charge of boring his 
audience. This terseness and point in speech are representative 
of a whole group of characteristics which served to make Dr. 
Harris's administration so efficient, — alertness, promptness, deci- 
sion, and that attention to business which keeps to-day from 
treading on to-morrow; and withal that unfailing courtesy toward 
others and consideration of their rights which prevents the other- 
wise necessary undoing of a great deal of ill-considered or unman- 
nered business. 

I have written this brief appreciation of Dr. Harris under the 
freedom and yet under the constraints of friendship. It is hard 



PRESIDENT HARRIS: A PERSONAL APPRECIATION 301 

to analyze a friend. The personal presence, the assured power, 
the satisfying influence, are far more than any critical analysis 
can show. A friend is more apt to understate than to overstate, 
doubtless because there are so many qualities which seem to him 
so obvious as hardly to need mention. I am conscious of this 
deficiency as I read what I have written of Dr. Harris. And, more 
than this, underlying the uttered word is the silent record of 
affection and confidence to which each year has added its testi- 
mony. I think that, as we grow older, while we grow more chari- 
table toward men at large, our standards of friendship grow more 
severe. We sift men to our liking and to our sense of confidence 
and trust. Among the men of my generation I turn to Dr. Harris 
as one with whom it would be a joy to renew the close intimacies 
of earlier years. If one were to do the work of life over again 
or light its battles, let me have him again as a comrade and a 
friend. 



302 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

POEMS 

GEORGE HARRIS, JR. 

BROTHER 

When I discover, at my journey's end 

Through life alone, that he was at my side 
With tender sympathy, while I, blind-eyed. 

Put forth no hand to touch my silent friend. 

And when at that last midnight our souls blend 
Into the union my hope prophesied, 
What shall I utter at those caverns wide 

That lead our steps at last beyond the bend? 

Shall I complain unto my dying fate 

That I have lost and missed companionship, 

And shall I murmur secretly "too late" 

To those clear-seeing moments, as they drip 

Away? or shall I whisper that I knew. 

Forever knew his presence, deep and true? 

IN THE STREET-CAR 

A MAN with lurid journal in his hand 
Sat lounging opposite,- — a thing he seemed 
Of gross and common ugliness, intent 
With shameless interest upon the bad, 
Murderous head-lines of his crumpled page. 
He had no thought to show by dress or pose' 
What thing was in his being worst or best, 
And, had I questioned him in any guise. 
His answer would have been a snarling curse. 
I tried to draw the pictures from his eyes 
Of sweat-shop, gambling-den, or outdoor labor, 
Or read upon his non-committal mouth 
The balance of his idleness and work. 
He might have been the murderer that lived 
Upon the clammy sheet he held, so drawn 
Was every feature to brutality. 



AFTER THE SHOW 303 

But, unconcerned, he dropped the morbid type 
Into his lap, his eyes becoming dull 
And slow with unrequited weariness. 
And so he sat, stolid and unawake, 
His weariness the motive of his dream, 
Whose cloudy hope was broken by the rough 
And onward surging of the car. His hand. 
With half-intended motion, wandered deep 
Into his coat, and thence brought forth a picture. 
Dirty and bent, and, as the car half swung 
The gloomy ruffian from his seat, he seized 
The printed face more firmly in his hand, 
And looked upon it, wakened into life. 
And thus there broke the dawn within his eyes. 
And all his face was radiant, quick touched 
Into a pageant of beatitudes. 

AFTER THE SHOW 

Back from the footlights drag my weary steps, 

As I on painted cheeks compose a smile 

To thank the mannered noise of flashing hands; 

And, as the curtain cuts me from the mass 

Of vanishing spectators, I let fall 

My carven joy from lips and eyes and heart. 

Weary I crawl, full of the nothingness 

Of spent expression, stumbling 'gainst gross things, — 

Boxes and wires, rude shapes illogical 

Of wooden frames and dirty canvases. 

And then a headlong stairway leads me down 

Out of the incongruity of oaths 

That urge thin tottering scenery to rest, 

And wearily I drop my sinking limbs 

Upon a stool, before a broken mirror; 

And there behold my face that was so late 

A soul, a god, a man, a woman, all 

That dreamed, commanded, suffered, died, — until 

My mingled tears and dirty streaks of paint 

Blot all my shamming sorrows from my eyes. 



304 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



SIi? aiml^^rat Potrnttal 



DEMOCRACY AND LEARNING 

ROBERT P. UTTER 

TO call learning either an aristocracy or a democracy is, we 
may as well remind ourselves, to speak in figures. Literally, 
those who rule in its realm are neither privileged nor un- 
privileged. Li the best sense of the words we may apply either 
term; but neither term in the mistaken sense often attached to 
them describes the state of affairs. 

Democracy, we say, is the rule of the people. Its principle 
is a sort of fourteen-carat Golden Rule, expressed in some such 
imperative as "Do nothing that you are not willing all should 
do." But such is the imperfection of human institutions that in 
the hands of the people this becomes : " You shall do nothing that 
all cannot do. Are you a skilled workman .f^ You shall not earn 
more than the union scale, for that is as much as we can earn, and 
there shall be no privileged class." The process creates a privi- 
leged class, the class of the inefficient, for they are great in numbers 
where majorities rule. This main principle of democracy is based 
on a truth called self-evident by our forefathers, that all men are 
created free and equal. But we know to-day that no man is born 
free and very few equal, — equal to the opportunities that are 
thrust upon him. Our forefathers intended to frame a republic 
under whose government every man should have a chance to 
develop as fast and as far as the laws of nature and of nature's 
God would let him. That all men are entitled to equal oppor- 
tunities may conceivably be accepted as an axiom ; but when we 
read it, "Any American is equal to any opportunity," and argue 
from that as an axiom, it leads to far and unforeseen conclusions. 
It and the popular edition of the Golden Rule are mainly respon- 
sible for the dissatisfaction so many of us feel with the work we 
are doing in our colleges. Such democracy as they indicate is 
incompatible with any true welfare in the college. 



DEMOCRACY AND LEARNING 305 

Ask the man in the street why the colleges should not sweep 
away all extraneous matters and devote themselves with single 
heart and purpose to the things of the mind, and he will tell you 
that the people do not want that kind of college and will not sup- 
port it. Analyze this reply, and it seems to mean that an institu- 
tion of learning which devotes itself to learning, if ruled by the 
people, will be ruled out of existence. Of this there can be no 
manner of doubt if by the people we mean a numerical majority 
of our citizens, of whom there are not enough soberly interested 
in things of the mind to support more than a small number of 
genuine institutions of learning. To recognize this fact would 
be immensely to simplify the problem. It would be so easy to 
have another term — gymnasium, for example — for the training 
school of the mind, and leave to the people their colleges in which 
to train heroes on the gridiron for the army and on the diamond 
for the National League. With ideals divided as they now are 
in bodies of supporting alumni, in faculties and boards of trustees, 
progress seems sometimes to be made as a resultant of two opposing 
forces. With the two institutions set apart, progress would be 
united and triumphant for each. 

Wisdom may not be plotted on any chart, but the formal 
learning that receives recognition in grades and degrees may be 
crudely measured on the scale that runs from the kindergarten to 
the doctorate of the universities. On this scale, we are told, 
the mean high-water mark actually reached by the American peo- 
ple is about at the sixth grade of the grammar school. In other 
words, as a nation, we who would recall our trained minds come 
to judgment are about as far advanced in formal learning as a 
twelve-year-old child. If democracy in learning means the rule 
by such a majority as this, however it may yearn towards the 
goal, its advance will be neither rapid nor sure. 

The second axiom, that all men are created equal, we take to 
mean that we are to have no privileged class. "The college is 
for all," w^e say, and take the assertion in its most flattering sense, 
which is the literal one. There is true democracy in making no 
distinction between rich and poor; but the tendency to abolish 
the distinction between boys who have trained their minds in 
school and those who have not, or who have minds which cannot 
be trained, is false democracy. There is a constant downward 



306 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

pressure on entrance requirements on the part of those who shrink 
from demanding any real intellectual test of preparation for 
college, most of whom declare that they "don't believe in exam- 
inations." The really popular attitude toward such things was 
voiced by a Freshman who declared recently that the trouble with 
Amherst College was that the entrance requirements were too 
high and that there weren't enough athletics. A graduate de- 
clared apropos of the memorial of the Class of '85 that competi- 
tive examinations would never do at Amherst. "We want the 
sons of alumni to come here," he asserted. Aside from the im- 
plication that the sons of Amherst alumni do not shine in intel- 
lectual competition with the sons of others, we see implied tw^o 
reasons why a certain class should come to Amherst, even though 
there are others better prepared : first, sentiment, which is power- 
ful, and a valid reason if there is none more valid; second, money, — 
we cannot afford to alienate the affections of alumni on whom we 
depend for so much. These are principles having nothing to do 
with learning, which govern in its realm when the people rule, and 
retard its progress. 

The college is not for all. It is a goal for all to strive towards, 
but it is not for all to reach. To assume that college standards 
ought to be lowered within the reach of every boy of college age 
would be to assume that there are no differences in our capabili- 
ties for intellectual development. We know that there are such 
differences, that every man has a limit of attainment beyond which 
he may not go. For some it is low, for others high; some reach 
it early, and others late; some never. For each it stands inex- 
orable, but by our democratic principles of education it is serenely 
ignored. Let us be satisfied with nothing less than the attain- 
ment of this limit by every one, and let us demand nothing more. 

Boys who are sent to college because it is the fashion, or to 
acquire manners or address, or to keep them out of mischief, 
or because "they may get something out of it," harm themselves 
by false ideals and wasted time, but they harm others more. 
They turn the college into a school of manners, a gentlemanly 
reform school or a creche. They exert steady pressure on the 
authorities toward the lowering of academic standards. Those 
who come to learn are too often compelled by steady pressure out- 
side the class-room to waste time in it. Some of these idlers may. 



DEMOCRACY AND LEARNING 307 

it is true, see the light and get to work : if so, it is well if the harm 
(lone to others does not overbalance the good done to them. Most 
colleges try sincerely to discharge the drones before this point 
is reached, but the wear and tear of trying to determine this in- 
determinate point is not the least of our distractions. And in 
many cases this expenditure of nervous energy is sheer waste. 
Many a boy will remain a drone for an indefinite time as a pro- 
bationer in college, but will wake in the course of a business ex- 
perience to a genuine desire for the learning a college can give him, 
and return to it anything but a drone. With others it is a question 
of maturity that time alone will bring. 

The duty of the college to the democracy is to reduce the 
majority of the ignorant and inefficient as rapidly as possible. 
The duty of the democracy toward the college is to give it a fair 
chance. The college cannot perform its function if its machinery 
is clogged with unworkable material. Equal opportunity for 
all does not involve a moral obligation to thrust opportunity on 
those who have proved themselves unequal to it. If this be 
democracy, let us change the term, and call our realm of learning 
a commonwealth, and let those govern it who best can for the 
common good of all. 



308 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

SHIFTING EMPHASIS 
NOTES OF A LONG-RESIDENT OBSERVER 

WILLIAM P. BIGELO^y 

AN old alumnus, returning to Amherst perhaps for the first 
l\ time in many years, is apt after the first greetings have 
-^ ^ been exchanged to ask, "Well, how is the old College get- 
ting along? What changes have taken place?" or perhaps, more 
pointedly, "Why does, or does not, the College do this or that?" 

Such questions are difficult to answer, off-hand. If the 
anxious alumnus would only take his hand off his watch and 
accept hospitality for the night, if of an evening he would submit 
to the irksome ordeal of getting acquainted with a group, any 
group of men on the ground, we feel sure that as a result he would 
leave Amherst, if not relieved and refreshed, at any rate, enlight- 
ened. 

What makes such questions difficult to answer is the fact that, 
where the alumnus beholds perhaps a revolution of change, the 
man on the ground perceives only progress or decline. To the 
long-time member of the Faculty the College appears in much the 
same light as the alumnus appears to himself; namely, as a mixture 
of the new and the old, — a mixture whose ingredients are shifting 
rather than altered, whose formula changes from time to time 
not so much by loss or addition as by new proportions of elements 
already there. 

In terms of college life these ingredients are impulses, ten- 
dencies, influences from whatever source, always old, always new, 
some prominent and active, others latent and passive. At sun- 
dry times this mass of impulses, tendencies, influences, in response 
to some unifying principle present in the situation, crystallize 
into what is commonly called a period or an epoch. When the 
possibilities of this particular combination of ingredients are nearly 
or quite exhausted, the alert minds of a succeeding generation, 
in response to a groping yet unerring instinct, seize upon an 
unused principle of organization, always inherent in the situation; 
and a readjustment of the old ingredients follows, in which that 



SHIFTIXG EMPHASIS 309 

which was principal and salient now becomes secondary and less 
distinctive, while that which was obscure and unfelt now becomes 
prominent and dominating. In other words, a shift of emphasis 
has taken place, a new period has begun. This period in turn 
runs its course, develops its innate possibilities, reaches its cul- 
mination, and in due time is succeeded by another just like it, so 
far as the process is concerned. This process is readjustment 
rather than change. 

Now the point is that all these readjustments, these periods, 
are but moments in one vast evolution, continuous and successive 
blossomings from the same root. All these periods have charac- 
teristics in common, of course; but none the less they have very 
marked and often startling points of difference, if one without 
having noted the process chances to see only the result. Start- 
ling or not, however, one thing is certain: the old adjustments 
and combinations are gone never to return; for these shifts of 
emphasis are closely related to, if not a direct reflection of, not 
only the academic life of America, but of the whole world, in its 
religious, social, and scholarly activities. 

Recent events must have made it clear to all that Amherst's 
history offers no exception to the general principle here enun- 
ciated. Quite the contrary, her standards, policies and ideals, 
as announced to the world, not premeditatedly, but inevitably, 
by the now noted Address of the Class of '85 to the Trustees of the 
College and by their mainly favorable response to the same, must 
reveal to all who have followed the correspondence and the wide- 
spread comment thereon that Amherst presents a living, palpitat- 
ing example of precisely this process of readjustment, in response 
to a new organic principle which, right or wrong, is dominating 
the thought of the academic world. The well-known Princeton 
anecdote furnishes an excellent terminology for this new motive 
principle in general and in particular for the new emphasis at 
Amherst. It is nothing more nor less than that the Trustees, 
faculty, alumni, — yes, and the undergraduates, too, some of 
them, — are striving "to turn the dear old College into an institu- 
tion of learning." The pursuit of learning is to be the College's 
chief concern. Whatever the emphasis may have been in the days 
gone by, it is now to be placed on scholarship, ideas, intelligence. 
There are other things in the world, — religion, social service, ath- 



310 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

letics, business training: there are also agencies to promote these 
same, Amherst doing so much toward them as is properly her 
function if you will. But, first and foremost, Amherst is com- 
mitted to the "enterprise of learning," to use Professor Wood- 
bridge's phrase. To the gist of the Address mentioned above, 
first, that "our Faculty must be composed of the best teachers in 
the country for our chosen course," and, secondly, that "the body 
of the students and the purpose and the life of the College must 
be directed toward excellence in scholarship," the Trustees reply 
that they not only approve, but that the College was already 
putting into operation much of their proposal; expressing at the 
same time their gratification that the two bodies, the Class of '85 
and the college administration, quite without preconcert, are at 
one in their thinking and conclusions. 

It is the purpose of this paper to show to our old alumnus 
visitor that there is nothing abrupt, revolutionary, or fraught 
with danger, certainly nothing new, in this present readjustment 
of forces in the life of the College, but rather that it is the normal 
outcome of the logic of events during the last twenty-five or 
thirty years at Amherst. 

The history of Amherst since 1880, the span of the writer's 
reliable memory in connection with the College, falls naturally 
(in his view") into three such epochs or periods. To him these 
periods designate themselves as the evangelical period, 1880-1890; 
the "all-round man" period, 1890-1904-05; and the intellectual 
period, 1905 down to the present. It is not claimed for a moment 
that these names are either exact or adequate designations of 
these epochs, nor that the chronological divisions are regarded as 
inflexible. Both serve merely to give color and determination 
to these three abstracts of time and to their characterization. 

Whatever else may be said of the evangelical period, extending 
as it does farther back into the early history of the College than 
the writer remembers, one thing is certain, — the emphasis was not 
primarily upon scholarship, as such. Scholarship, in so far as 
it was insisted upon, was a means to an end. That end was 
stated clearly in the Westminster Catechism, the mention of 
which brings us at once to the dominant influence of this period, 
the evangelical. In those days the emphasis Avas laid upon such 
things as goodness. Christian character, and Christian gentle- 



SHIFTING EMPHASIS 311 

manliness. Each student upon entering college signed a contract, 
a pledge, to conduct himself as a gentleman; and the breaking 
of the pledge separated him from the College. Violations of this 
contract, rather than failures in scholarship, were the most fre- 
quent cause of removal from college. Chapel exercises in those 
days, quite unlike the chapel of to-day, were devoted to religious 
exercises almost exclusively, during which exercises President 
Seelye often read and discussed the thirteenth chapter of First 
Corinthians, characterizing it as a description of a Christian 
gentleman. The soul of the boy rather than the body or the mind 
was the object of the greatest solicitude. The undergraduate 
must encounter no influence while in college which might disturb 
his religious beliefs, — unless, perchance, the boy were Roman 
Catholic or Unitarian by persuasion, in which case he was deemed 
able to shift for himself. The professors were put to it to square 
philosophy and science, notably the doctrine of evolution, with 
orthodox religion. 

Quite in keeping with this evangelical emphasis, the lost 
sheep, the poor student (lazy, stupid, ill-prepared), was the object 
of especial solicitude on the part of most of the Faculty. The 
ninety-and-nine that were safe within the fold could well look 
after themselves. President Seelye often remarked that it was 
easy to find instructors for the good (able and industrious) students, 
but that he wanted teachers for the poor boys. "Old Doc," 
in his inimitable way, used to say: "Oh, don't be too hard on the 
poor fellow: he hasn't much brains. I knew his father before 
him. Get all you can out of him, and then graduate him. He'll 
make a good second-rate minister." There is no mistaking it, 
the note of this period is distinctly evangelical. Get all you can 
out of a boy, no matter how little, and then hope for the best. 

Whatever we may think about this point of view with respect 
to education, two things are to be said of it: first, that this period 
was an accurate reflection of the times, the constituency of the Col- 
lege, and the community; and, secondly, that it had at least as 
a unifying principle of organization a large and grand optimism, — 
a belief that no matter how little a man had accomplished in 
college, no matter how much he had neglected his opportimity, 
somehow, in some way, seed had been sown which would in time 
mature and bring forth some ten, some an hundred fold. 



312 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

The name the "all-round man" period has been chosen 
for the second period, as the least uncomplimentary of a list, — 
such as athletic and social period, outside activity period, "col- 
lege life" period, all of which are aspects of the same thing. 

This period is characterized by a total lack of any sane educa- 
tional synthesis whatsoever, being thus unlike the evangelical 
principle of the period just described, wherein scholarship was 
incidental and frequently present, and unlike the intellectual 
emphasis of the period which emerges during the latter years of 
President Harris's administration out of the chaos of the period 
we are about to describe. In this epoch not only was all emphasis 
on scholarship lacking, except such meagre results as may be 
obtained by compulsion from the Faculty, but any approach 
to an intellectual life was impossible; as any one knows who has 
lived or, what is more, has taught in its feverish, dissipated at- 
mosphere. 

The causes of this academic slump are not far to seek. We 
have but to look back a step to be aware of them. In the olden 
days boys, for the most part, came to college with the idea of 
getting a college education, strange as this sounds to-day. From 
all ranks and classes of society they came, to be sure; but some 
walks of life were represented more than others. Business men, 
for instance, were not inclined to the venture. They were wont 
to regard a college course as a frill, so far as business was con- 
cerned, something having no integral connection with a business 
career. It was, they thought, a place where a boy acquired 
habits of luxury and loafing! But after a while their point of 
view underwent a change. They soon found that for boys who 
were to enter business, more than for others perhaps, to be a 
college man was indeed an asset, — a very substantial social asset. 
The college diploma, after all, stood for friendships, oftentimes 
swell associations, a certain external polish and social prestige, 
though it stood for little or nothing else. Consequently, a lot 
of boys with no intellectual aspirations or preparation came to 
college because they were sent, — boys whose chief ambition was 
to make a prominent "frat," to become an athletic hero, a gen- 
eral Pooh Bah in the matter of so-called "college honors." Now 
it is manifestly impossible to have a college crowded with boys 
whose prime object is to gain these things without having its 



SHIFTING EMPHASIS 313 

atmosphere profoundly affected by alien ideals, — ideals entirely 
incompatible with the raison d'etre of any college worthy of the 
name. Respect for the finer things of the spirit must decline as 
a matter of course. This is just what happened to the colleges 
of the East; and Amherst is no exception. Under the force 
of these alien ideals a host of outside activities sprang up, a mania 
for doing anything except study. 

As a second cause, instead of contending against this barbaric 
invasion, — perhaps it would have been too costly a fight, — many 
colleges, Amherst among the number, welcomed the new-comers 
with a system (or rather a chaos) of unlimited elections, — an 
arrangement which enabled the student to prosecute his crusade 
for "college honors" with as little interruption as possible from 
the curriculum and at the same time to elect and pursue his 
courses along the line of least resistance. There was still, how- 
ever, something lacking; and this was supplied by the intro- 
duction of the so-called "scientific course," — a device whereby a 
man could get in, through, and out with a minimum drain on 
his powers of cerebration. 

The effect on the tone of the College was soon apparent. This 
was the day of the special student; the day when student man- 
agers, with the help of alumni funds, were scouring the prepara- 
tory schools and the country at large, in competition with other 
colleges of course, for promising athletes; the day of the com- 
mercialization of athletics, of professional coaches, of training 
tables, of postponement and shifting of recitations and lectures 
and all forms of academic exercises for big games, of special cut 
privileges, unlimited make-up examinations, multiplying and 
manifolding of schedules in all forms of outside activities. The 
list is interminable. 

This is not the time or the place to point out resultant evils. 
The mention of the two chiefest will suffice. One could not but 
note, first, the fatal loss of respect for things of the spirit in the 
undergraduate body. Secondly, there was the real loss to the 
undergraduates and the College at large involved in the trans- 
formation of a knot of the ablest men on the Faculty, oftentimes, 
into a body of officials whose chief administrative function was 
to oversee and regulate a swarm of petty and annoying details 
in connection with outside activities, depriving them, as it did, 



314 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

of the time, strength, and sechision necessary to study and re- 
flection. 

Curiously enough, out of all this chaos of non-mentality arose 
the theory in academic circles of the "all-round man" education, 
— a theory the validity of which, it would seem, must rest upon 
the postulate that undergraduates have no minds — to speak of — 
to be trained. The outside world, the non-collegiate world, 
has had no difficulty in grasping this point. That which was 
"hidden from the wise and prudent" — if we may so demean the 
Scripture principle — was " revealed unto babes." A child's observ- 
ing powers sufficed to see it. 

The disparity of mind, purpose, and interest which by natural 
consequence arose between the Faculty and the undergraduate 
body must be apparent to any one who is willing to look the facts 
in the face. On the one hand, we see a faculty whose interests 
are nine-tenths intellectual, on the other a body of undergraduates 
whose interests are nine-tenths non-intellectual, — two bodies hav- 
ing a meagre one-tenth interest in common. Is it any wonder, 
then, that they work at cross-purposes.-* How can they possibly 
come together, and be mutually a source of inspiration.'' The 
American college on paper — that is, according to its catalogue — 
is ostensibly a place where philosophy, science, and art, in their 
various implications, are taught, — taught by a body of men es- 
pecially equipped and engaged for this purpose; and it would 
seem fair to assume that this should be the main business of the 
institution. But the American college, as it actually is, is a place 
where philosophy, science, and art are distinctly not the main 
concern of the undergraduate body. Now it would seem plain 
that either the Faculty, whose interests are nine-tenths intel- 
lectual, or the undergraduate body, whose interests are nine-tenths 
non-intellectual, is a misfit. Hence the gap, the much-talked-of 
lack of sympathy between the mass of undergraduates and the 
majority of the Faculty. 

Two methods of bridging this gap, of securing this much- 
desired sympathy, suggest themselves at once. First, remodel 
the Faculty. Instead of professors of philosophy, mathematics, 
music, physics, etc., and a single department of physical educa- 
tion, let us have professors of baseball, football, track, hockey, 
lacrosse, basket-ball, glee ckibs, dramatics, etc., representing 



SHIFTING EMPHASIS 315 

the nine-tenths interest of the student body, and then a single 
department of study and cerebration representing the one-tenth 
common intellectual interest. Or, secondly, leave the Faculty 
as represented in the catalogue, and gradually remodel the student 
material which is to come to Amherst during the next decade. 
Both methods have the merit of absolute honesty, in that 
catalogue and conditions would then correspond. The Class of 
'85, for reasons best known to itself, in direct defiance to the spirit 
of the times, has chosen the latter method, and has memorialized 
the Trustees to that effect. 

I have somewhat overdrawn this "all-round man" period 
in the endeavor to describe a tendency which came perilously 
near to complete realization, and I have run into the present tense, 
as if there were no room for a successor. Another state of things 
is coming in sight, however, and we can with a degree of good 
faith and courage name the third the intellectual period. 

In the two periods just sketched there were other forces and 
other men than those touched upon, — forces and tendencies having 
quite other implications, men who were not at all in harmony 
with the prevailing policies and trend of things. There were men, 
some of whom are still with us, who believed that their first duty, 
their best effort and strength, were due not to the lazy or unfit, 
but rather to such students as were both able and willing to avail 
themselves of the splendid equipment and opportunities offered 
at Amherst. There were also men who looked with profound and 
unalterable disapproval on both the theory and the finished prod- 
uct of the "all-round man" period. What these men stood for 
in former times, but were not able to achieve, has now in the 
latest adjustment of influences come to the top. A former mem- 
ber of the Faculty, no longer living, once said to the writer (who 
quotes from memory): "There is a great deal of poppy-cock 
about this all-round man idea of education. The clear duty 
of any college is to take these boys who come to us, and train their 
wills to the power of rational choice and to habits of thought and 
industry; secondly, to quicken their imaginations by contact, 
and familiarity with great ideas and great men of the past ; and 
thirdly, having accomplished this in some measure, the College 
should visibly and socially honor their achievements." 

These words may well serve as a statement of Amherst's striv- 



316 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

ings and attainments in the last few years. The emphasis which 
has rested in turn on character and then on "college life" is 
now being transferred to intelligence, to the life intellectual. 
The College to-day is the direct heir and descendant of men who 
were out of sympathy with the earlier periods of the place. Most 
of them are gone, some are left; and it is their ideas which have 
in their turn come to the top, and have become the predominating 
ideas, the new organizing principle. 

It is well to speak modestly, for we are but on the threshold 
of the new period, with our hands still, so to say, upon the knob 
of the door. It is true that a large and loyal class, twenty-five 
years and more out of college, has spoken. It is true that the 
President, Trustees, and Faculty have spoken, and that, too, 
with a singular unanimity. But to speak is not all. Action, 
intelligent vigorous action, must follow. No half-way measures 
will suffice to make Amherst the college unique in the land; and 
that is the lohole 'point of the '85 Address. Other colleges will 
jack up their standards, raise their salaries, and so forth. Unless 
the "Amherst Idea," the fame of which has spread over the 
land, is to pass into the memory simply as an academic bluflf of 
large dimensions, a vulgar though clever advertisement, Amherst 
must stand square to the world as actually a college where in- 
tellectual pursuits have priority of attention; a college where 
athletics and other outside interests have ceased to be a business 
and have taken once more their normal place of sport and play; 
a college where a wise and approved curriculum has the right of 
way; a college where the atmosphere is prevailingly spiritual and 
intellectual; a college where learning is the chief object of solici- 
tude to Trustees, Faculty, alumni, and undergraduates. 



WRITTEN ON THOUGHT OF LEAVING AMHERST 317 



WRITTEN ON THOUGHT OF LEAVING AMHERST, 
JUNE 22, 1911. 

FREDERICK J. POHL 

Here have I spent four happy years, 'mid fond 

FamiHar scenes of mountain, meadow, woods. 

But these I now must leave; the faces, too. 

Of friends who patiently have guided me 

Into the love of knowledge and the path 

Of wisdom, moral beauty, and of truth. 

These scenes I may no longer look upon. 

But memories of them with the vividness 

Of present living pictures will not fail 

To keep my love for them alive and yield 

An ever-growing influence to lift 

My mind to higher planes and raise my soul 

To loftier communion with my God. 

1 shall, with pleasure constantly increased, 

Look forth upon these pictures in the mind. 

And find new lessons in them and new joy; 

For on the walks among these hills and streams 

The spirit of the mightj^ Wordsworth has 

Become the close companion of my thoughts 

And highest aspirations toward the truth. 

So much has Amherst meant to me. I owe 

My thoughts, my love, my faith to her. It seems 

My very life was born to me in her; 

For out of her rich bounty 1 have gained 

The knowledge of the best in men and books; 

Have learned to read the minds of mighty souls 

In wondering silence after them; have learned 

The rhythm that through the whole of Nature beats; 

The calmness of her whispered music, and 

The message that is spoken to us by 

The Presence dwelling in her secret haunts. 

For all these blessings I am thankful ; but 



318 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

Am grateful most to one * who had the power 
To fill me with the passion of his love 
And worship of all beauty in the world. 

high, exalted, joyous time of youth! 
So rich in visionary promise; full 

Of dreams that have the sweetness of perfection; 
Of true ideals, and fervent growing faith, 
Wliich serves a vital purpose, though as yet 
Not tried by contact with the world of fact. 
But, though I would forever keep my youth, 
Renewing it upon these Amherst hills. 
My saner judgment teaches me to see 
Enforced change is good for man, and that, 
With pain of losing what we love, we learn 
To seek a higher object for our love. 
The grief of parting will be lessened, too. 
With pleasing thought that I shall be removed 
From many objects that intrude themselves, 
Whenever seen, upon my purer mind. 
Which, though with shame I say it, only serve 
To bring to mind some act of selfishness 
Or some unworthy choice, or low desire. 
A lesson this will be in future years 
With every object to connect some good, 
With every tree a noble thought, and with 
Each human face a prayer. 
But, while I now experience the grief 
Of parting from the forms I so have loved, 
And while I must obey the sterner calls 
Of duty and the toil and cares of life, 

1 trust that elsewhere Nature still will speak, 
In other forms, but ever with a voice 

That is as satisfying and as sweet. 

* Professor John Erskine. 



THE PRESIDENT-ELECT 321 



51110 Aml)0rst Arttu? 



THE PRESIDENT-ELECT 

TALCOTT WILLIAMS 

[The Board of Trustees of Amherst College, at a meeting held May 17, unani- 
mously elected Dr. Alexander Meiklejohn, dean of Brown University, Providence, 
R.I., to the Presidency of the College, to succeed Rev. Dr. George Harris, who 
has been President since 1899; and Dr. Meiklejohn has accepted the election. 

As dean of Brown University for eleven years. Dr. Meiklejohn has carried, 
in an administrative post, responsibilities which, in the opinion of the Amherst 
Trustees, have brought him in his fortieth year prominently into the circle of 
leaders in the college world. He is a graduate of Brown University, Class of 1893, 
and his teaching field is philosophy. He was born at Rochdale, England, of 
Scotch descent, in 1872, and came to this country at the age of eight years. His 
father, James Meiklejohn, is still in business at Pawtucket, R.L Dr. Meiklejohn 
received the degree of A.M. at Brown in 1895 and of Ph.D. at Cornell in 1897. 
He became instructor in Brown in the latter year, assistant professor in 1899, 
and full professor in 1906. He married in 1902 Nannine A. La Villa, of mingled 
Italian and English descent.] 

THE personal record of Professor Meiklejohn sufficiently 
shows his character, position, place, and work in the college 
field. His early years were those of the common school 
and high school. Pawtucket has a large English immigration, 
and he turned to cricket as a boy, partly from place and more 
from temperament. Xot large, of medium height, and lithe 
rather than powerful, he made hockey his foremost game. A 
college course could be his without unduly straining family re- 
sources, but not without his own effort and industry in aid. He 
won the usual honor of a man both in studies and in athletics. 
He made philosophical study his choice, and he brought to it 
the Scotch habit of mind in these matters of relying on reasoned 
knowledge, but this lit by touch with transcendental philosophy, 
which in New England is in the air, and confidence and convic- 
tion that within all men is the privilege, power, and oppor- 
tunity to know the truth through the illuminating experience of 
life and the light within and without. 



322 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

Those who by temperament and by training, by reason and 
by desire, reach this soHd ground find in philosophy the support 
and guide through life. From the ranks of such men have been 
drawn the greatest American educators and college presidents 
of the past, — men who are firm enough to administer and able 
also to inspire. At the close of his college course. Professor 
Meiklejohn turned to college teaching and philosophy as his 
life-work. In 1895, when he was graduated, this study had begun 
to feel that return to earlier methods and that search for more 
than material causes for man and his work. Cornell was at this 
time the meeting-place for both views. It was the active home 
of the new psychology, and it had its teaching in the movement 
towards an acceptance rather than an assertion of human life 
as not wholly explainable in terms of sense. After two years 
at Cornell, Mr. Meiklejohn took his degree in 1897 as Doctor 
of Philosophy, having shown acumen rather than other qualities 
in his work and having begun rather than completed his intellect- 
ual development. He stands for the type of man to whom the 
degree in philosophy is a beginning, and not an end, a stepping- 
stone, and not a seat. After four years of class-room work, an un- 
usually rapid advance, he was made dean of Brown University, 
1901. The college was growing with great rapidity. Far-reaching 
changes had come in equipment, in courses, and in the field from 
which students were drawn. A new president. Dr. W. H. P. 
Faunce, had been installed two years before, a college head of 
high success, a representative of the college, an eloquent speaker 
of national reputation, a leader in the Baptist Church, but with- 
out experience in college administration or the details of college 
education, save as instructor in Brown for one year in 1881-82. 
For eleven years, under these conditions. Professor Meiklejohn 
has been dean. The discipline of the college has been his. He 
has been on the athletic committee. He has watched over the 
fraternity system from the standpoint of a fraternity man. He 
was the first to collect, tabulate, and publish the scholarship 
fraternities in Brown, to challenge their relatively low stand, and 
to demand that, with advantage, opportunity, the keys of social 
life, and the organized basis for college leadership the members 
of fraternities enjoyed, there should also go intellectual standards 
and achievements and devotion to those things of the mind with- 



THE PRESIDENT-ELECT 323 

out which college is an empty succession of athletics and social 
contact. All colleges are turning to this to-day. When, as 
dean, Professor Meiklejohn turned to this, he was almost alone 
in the courage with which he took up the problem, in the skill 
with which he used publicity to enforce his purpose, and in the 
tact with which he avoided collision and enlisted the aid of alumni, 
who always believe that the boys in the society home where they 
once lived should study more than they themselves did. The 
result has been an advance in the scholarship of fraternities in 
Brown without friction and with a new recognition of college re- 
sponsibilities. The article in which Professor Meiklejohn reviewed 
this work for two years before in the Brown Alumni Monthly in 
1910 is one of the best summaries of the fraternity problem on the 
side of scholarship and character-building, yet made in a question 
to which all the college world is awake now, but which it was 
letting alone, with complaint, but without action, four years ago. 
To every dean the hour comes when the student body learns 
whether the dean can not only enforce discipline, but can win 
loyalty and persuade to obedience from principle. In 1903 the 
Brown baseball nine swept the diamond and won an unchallenged 
championship. The members in whole or in part played " summer 
ball," and forfeited their amateur position. Brown had the usual 
rule. If it were enforced, as most of the team had returned. 
Brown had small chance of success. The student body, which, 
like most American student bodies, is restive under the amateur 
rule, seethed with opposition to disbarring the best players in 
college. The subject ran for weeks. The issue was one that 
could be settled outright by the exercise of the disciplinary powers 
of the college. Dean INIeiklejohn chose a more excellent way. 
A college meeting was called. He took the floor like any student. 
He faced at the opening a clamorous and hostile majority. He 
rested his case on the solitary point of high honor that a rule 
could not be broken, neglected, or rescinded at the very moment 
when this action would give Brown University an advantage. 
For the future the rule could be changed. It could not be when 
a change meant profit. Before the meeting was over, the major- 
ity was reversed, and the rule was enforced and, as a graduate 
of the period writes of the conflict, "I had my first lesson in 
standing by a principle." 



324 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

Work like this establishes tradition in college life and assures 
a man's place. Issue after issue has been settled in the same 
fashion, and the firmness of the dean for principle has come to be 
as well known as his justice and consideration in individual cases. 

Teaching too often disappears from the life and work of the 
dean of a large institution called to multifarious cases, to daily 
interviews with students, and to consultation and correspondence 
with parents; but Professor Meiklejohn has continued his course 
in logic. Such a course may be a mere analysis of the method and 
process of reaching intellectual certitude, or it may be a vital 
examination of the steps by which men come to find an answer to 
Pilate's question, "What is truth .^" Professor Meiklejohn has 
made it the latter. The course is short, and runs through the 
year. The current study is not large. The final examination 
is searching. Formal logic plays a brief part at the beginning. 
The history of logic is rapidly reviewed. Before the end of the 
first semester the work shifts to what is coming to be known in 
current philosophical discussion — more perhaps in England than 
in this country — as "The Problem of Truth." The course is an 
effort from this time to learn whether final truth exists, whether 
human experience and thought give the opportunity and ca- 
pacity to attain truth, and whether each man is responsible for 
not reaching the truth for himself. The method is Socratic, the 
wrestle of question and answer in the class-room, for ten to fifteen 
minutes together, a class of ninety watching the fight. Those 
whom this does not illuminate are sought in walk, talk, and golf, 
for the professor is here an enthusiast. The course is one of the 
most popular in Brown, and one for which eleventh-hour cram- 
ming is of very little use. The testimony of recent Brown grad- 
uates is eloquent, unanimous, and convincing that in this course 
men find themselves, secure firm intellectual footing, and awake 
to conviction in the ultimate spiritual realities of life. 

A man just in discipline, capable of commanding loyal obedi- 
ence, and both profound and stimulating in his philosophic teach- 
ing, is by these facts and this frame of mind and heart religious 
in the best high sense of the term. Professor Meiklejohn early 
joined the church. He is a profound believer in the value of 
the church as an organization, in its sacraments, in uttering the 
reconciling word more eloquently than any speech, and in the 



THE PRESIDENT-ELECT 325 

wisdom and necessity of basing education on the vital Christian 
life as interpreting and expressing, better than spoken words a 
spiritual creed. He speaks often, and api)ears through the year 
in college and in other Young Men's Christian Association meet- 
ings. He has both earnestness and felicity. He has not what 
people call "eloquence," but students agree he persuades and 
convinces, which is better. He has at Brown kept close to student 
religious life. 

Professor Meiklejohn has published little. His study and 
administrative duties have absorbed the time for research. He 
has issued in educational journals a group of articles on current 
issues in college training. These show him a man who believes 
that the present requirements for college entrance examination 
are not too much in quantity, but that the quality of work done 
under them needs to be improved, both in general standards and 
in individual training. He holds that all subjects taught at 
the high school should not be accepted as credits for college work 
on entrance, but that only those studies should open college doors 
which prepare and fit for the cultural work of the college. He 
believes that "the aim of the college is fundamentally intellectual. 
At the heart of all genuine college teaching there is one cherished 
article of faith: it is the conviction that knowledge pays, that it 
is worth while to be intelligent. xA.nd by knowledge and intelli- 
gence is meant, not the specific information and training by 
which one is fitted for a specific task, but the broader knowledge, 
the deeper insight, the more general training by which one is 
given intellectual grasp of the issues of human life in the large, 
as against its special interests and occupations." He holds, 
having this view, that all studies are not equally valuable for a 
training, but that certain studies have a special disciplinary value. 
He stands by a new view of the old theory that the mind can be 
trained and improved on a whole by study, and that the studies 
that do this should be required. In this, as in all else, Professor 
INIeiklejohn is a young leader in the return to the older studies, 
principles, and practice of education. "I shall be told," he said 
in a recent speech, when sketching such studies and a curriculum 
for study and cultural ends, "that you can lead a horse to water, 
but you cannot make him drink. I admit you cannot make a 
student drink, but I believe you can make him thirsty." 



326 AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 

DR. MURRAY IN THE CLASS-ROOM* 

HAROLD LLOYD ERASER 

THE most striking thing about Dr. Murray while he was here 
at Amherst was his personality, — the man himself. It 
is too common an experience to anticipate great things of 
some noted man, and to find him instead disappointingly ordinary. 
In Dr. Murray's case, however, the surprise w^as all the other 
way. No sooner did we come into contact with him in the class- 
room than his extraordinary individuality came upon us like a 
spell. Arnold said of Byron, 

"our soul 
Had felt him like the thunder's roll." 

Similarly, we students sensed the mild force of Dr. Murray's per- 
sonality. We did not need to be told that he was great: we could 
feel his greatness. 

First of all, we appreciated the simplicity of his nature, — the 
utter lack of self -consciousness. His entrance into a room put 
everybody there at their ease. He assumed no airs, and acted 
naturally, as only a great man could. 

The one great avenue through which Dr. Murray's greatness 
was most clearly revealed to us was his scholarship. Before his 
coming, either consciously or unconsciously, we had regarded 
Greek as a w^orth-while subject, in which, however, one did a 
great deal of w^ork in order to gain a very little result. He re- 
versed all this. He seemed to carry with him an atmosphere of 
enthusiasm, of scholarly interest. He assumed that we were all 
intensely interested, and, working on that basis, he quickly made 
us actually so. 

But beyond this he broadened our view. ScJioUa and varia 
lecta, all of which we had taken more or less for granted as neces- 
sary evils, he proceeded to discuss in class. Under his touch 

*At the suggestion of Professor Smith I have requested one of the students in Dr. 
Murray's advance Greek division to describe the impression he made on those who were 
most closely associated with him here in Amherst College. — Ed. 



DU. MURRAY IX THE CLASS-ROOM 329 

they all became interesting and individual. We came to know 
Wecklein as the critic who was always taking unjustifiable liber- 
ties with the text, so that when Dr. Murray exclaimed with a 
whimsical laugh, "Oh, dear, Wecklein has been altering this 
again," we all thought of him with the proper academic scorn, 
as one who had more zeal than skill. Similarly, in the case of the 
manuscripts. "Little L," so called, assumed individuality as 
a bungling amateur who took it upon himself to correct "Big 
L"'s manuscript, thereby spoiling an otherwise trustworthj' au- 
thority. 

Nor was this all. We soon found out that we were expected 
to have a detailed and comprehensive knowledge of Greek gram- 
mar. Little fine points of syntax, obscure rules, the exceptions 
to them, — Dr. Murray's mental eye seemed, like that of Arthur, 
to see "the smallest rock far on the faintest hill." Many times 
also he asked apparently simple questions, which, nevertheless, 
predicated knowledge not merely of the whole Greek literature, 
but of the literatures and civilizations of other nations and eras. 
And so not merely were we given a broader, better view of Greek 
literature, but we were put upon our mettle, and forced to exer- 
cise our brains to keep up with the demands made upon them. 

And, finally, there shone out at all times the immaculate 
courtesy of the man. If he was disappointed in a recitation, he 
never showed it: every word of criticism was softened by a word 
of praise; and once or twice, when some one made an egregious 
blunder, or, in a wild and desperate guess, guessed wrong, almost 
without his knowing it, Dr. Murray dismissed him with, "You 
may be right, but don't you think" — or "That is very good, but 
still isn't it possible" — 

His sense of humor was quite apparent, and often flashed out in 
whimsical irony, but never with any suggestion of malice. 

To close without speaking of Dr. Murray's manner of speaking 
would be to ignore a vital part of his personality. It is not pos- 
sible to describe adequately the perfect precision and purity of his 
speech. The first day, particularly, before we had grown accus- 
tomed to his English accent, we all recognized the contrast be- 
tween his speech and ours. As one student expressed it afterwards, 
"W^e do not talk, we jabber." Dr. Murray's voice was low, musi- 
cal, and always imder complete control. But especially every 



330 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

word was correctly pronounced and accented, and w^as spoken 
deliberately and appreciatively. In a word, Dr. Murray used 
words as if they were individual things not to be' disrespectfully 
treated. For many of us he set a new standard of diction, while 
at the same time he gave us a new impulse in the attempt to 
attain to it. 

And so all we who have had the privilege of coming intimately 
into contact with this great man, some of us so soon to leave the 
College, will carry away with us the strong, lasting impression of 
Dr. Murray's true greatness, — of the inborn courtesy, the rare 
scholarship, the enthusiasm, and the man "from whose lips the 
speech flowed sweeter than honey." 

In the Observatory. — The Class of '86 at its last meeting 
voted a fund to the Department of Astronomy and the Obser- 
vatory, to be expended by Professor Todd in continuing the 
observations of variable stars with the large telescope. C. J. 
Hudson, M.A. 1910, has been engaged in this work, and about 
fifty such faint stars, whose light-range is suitable for the Amherst 
telescope, are kept under continual observation, the results being 
forwarded to Professor Pickering at the Harvard Observatory. 
Also the charting of total eclipse tracks is now well advanced, and 
maps of the eclipses in France, Spain, Belgium, and nearly all 
the countries of South America, have been prepared and forwarded 
to these countries. A large scale map of the United States shows 
exactly where all the total eclipses of the present century are 
visible in the United States, and observations are being made 
at about a hundred stations in the track of the eclipse of June 8, 
1918, to show what regions will be freest from cloud on the event- 
ful afternoon. The path of this eclipse lies southwesterly from 
the State of Washington to Florida, is about forty miles broad, 
and passes almost centrally over Denver. Also the path of the 
eclipse of May 29, 1919, in West Africa, is being similarly investi- 
gated, the duration of its totality being nearly seven minutes, 
the longest ever observed. 



THE BASEBALL SEASON 331 



THE BASEBALL SEASON 

THE baseball .s(piacl made a two weeks' Southern training 
trip, l)eginning the last of March, returning with a record 
of five victories, four defeats, and one postponement. 
The most notable features of the trip were the excellent hitting 
of the team and the splendid pitching of Vernon. In the first 
six games the team's batting average was .300. Vernon won 
every game that he pitched. 

The first game with the University of Virginia was won by 
the team, Vernon pitching, by a score of 5-4. Virginia won the 
second game by a score of 8-4, the pitching for Amherst being 
done by Whiteman, Proudfoot, and Tilden, the latter giving only 
one hit in two and one-half innings. 

Vernon won the game with the University of North Carolina 
with a score of 5-3. North Carolina won the second game with 
a score of 11-10, ^Vhiteman pitching eight innings and Tilden 
finishing the game. 

The game with Trinity at Durham, N.C., was won by the team, 
7-2, Vernon pitching, the return game being w^on by Trinity, with 
Whiteman in the box for Amherst. Score, 8-3. 

On April 6 the team played the Naval Academj^ at Annapolis, 
whose team was coached this year by Breckenridge, for many 
years coach at Amherst. Vernon pitched a splendid twelve 
inning game, which was finally won by Amherst with the score 
4-2. Only four hits were made off Vernon in the twelve innings, 
with ten strike-outs. 

The next game was with the Catholic University of Washington, 
which won, the score being 5-10. Tilden pitched well, but re- 
ceived ragged support. 

The final game of the Southern trip was played against 
Columbia with Vernon in the box. The team had one bad inning, 
but notwithstanding this beat the New Yorkers 10-8. 

The regular season opened April 27 with the Wesleyan game 
in Amherst, the game being won by Amherst with score 7-0, 
Vernon holding the visitors down to a single hit. The team gave 
strong support, only one error being charged up against it. 



332 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

The game with Harvard on May 4 was a close one, the Crim- 
son finally winning 3-2. Whatever luck was in the game broke 
against the Purple and White. Vernon pitched good ball with 
the exception of two innings, when a combination of hits and stolen 
bases brought in the winning runs. Burt played a star game at 
first. Harvard's errors were directly responsible for Amherst's 
first run, but the second one was earned by a double and a single. 
Felton, the Harvard pitcher, was in splendid form, fanning eleven 
men. Vernon worked himself out during the game, and in the 
ninth inning, after a two-base hit, started to come home from 
second, but fell exhausted before he could reach the plate. 

Tufts put up a close game on Pratt Field on May 10. Amherst 
finally won, the score being 3-2. 

The Springfield Training School's game resulted in a ten- 
inning tie 4-4, the game being called on account of rain at the 
end of the tenth inning. McGay pitched nine innings for the 
home team, and allowed fourteen hits. At the tenth, with the 
score tied, Vernon went in and attempted to pull out a victory, 
but the game did not last long enough. The team gave strong 
support. 

The ragged playing and mid-season's slump in form of the whole 
team lost the Yale game by a score 3-12 at New Haven on May 
18. Yale's team batted hard, getting a two-bagger and a triple. 
Brown, pitching for Yale, allowed two hits in seven innings, and 
his successor one. Vernon pitched the whole game for Amherst, 
and allowed thirteen hits. The team made three errors, and 
seemed to be experiencing a genuine slump. 

However, no more successful "come-back" was ever made 
by any team than when on May 23 Amherst beat Williams in 
a beautifully played game with a score 2-0. The game is doubly 
notable in view of the fact that Williams had a clean slate and 
had just beaten Princeton and Yale. Vernon pitched a splendid 
game, striking out eight men and allowing nine hits, which, how- 
ever, were well scattered. Davis, the veteran captain of Williams, 
gave eight hits and struck out seven men. Both the Amherst 
runs w^ere well earned, the first run coming in the third inning, when 
Fitts got a single, stole second, and came home on Partenlieimer's 
screaming single to centre. The second came in the fourth, when 
Captain Burt started a three-bagger to left centre and came 



THE BASEBALL SEASON 333 

home on Swasey's hot grounder through short. It being the Am- 
herst "Prom" game, the attendance was large as well as en- 
thusiastic, and AVilliams was well represented by a special train- 
load of rooters, A huge bonfire and celebration followed in the 
evening. 

The remaining games of the schedule are as follows: — 

^Nlay 30, Williams at Williamstown. 
June 1, Brown at Amherst. 

5, Princeton at Princeton. 
8, University of Vermont at Amherst. 
12, Brown at Providence. 
15, Massachusetts Agricultural College at Amherst. 

24, Dartmouth at Amherst. 

25, Dartmouth at Hanover. 



CORRECTION. 

Owing to a clerical error in taking a figure from the wrong 
column of a table, the rates and position of Princeton in the 
table on page 229 of our last issue were incorrect. The number 
of living alumni should have been 6,358 instead of 16,318, and 
the ratio 33.0 instead of 12.9. This brings Princeton above 
Columbia and not far below Harvard in its ratio of distinguished 
alumni. 

Walter F. Willcox. 



334 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



Olhf look ®abk 



IT may be worth while here to define a little more clearly what 
is our object in this Book-Table department of the Quarterly, 
and what it is not. It is not designed, at least primarily, 
in the interests of the publishers; though they have been kind 
and generous in placing books by alumni at our disposal, and we 
can already point to reviews that we feel sure have been of service 
to them. The same cannot be said of the authors. It is designed 
in their interest; for, as we feel ourselves in their fellowship, we 
want to see every good book of theirs have the best chance we can 
give it of good sale and good success, but we are not trying to 
aid them in the ordinary advertising sense. As fellow-graduates, 
we are interested to know, and to make each other know, what 
the alumni of Amherst are doing: how they are putting their 
educated abilities into the great sum-total of thought and in- 
fluence that in so many ways, high and humble, is ministering 
to the progress and welfare of the world. Some books will 
appeal to a small circle of the like-minded, some to a more ex- 
tended class. Some books are richer in the literary touch; 
some are more specialized and technical; all are in their way 
worthy and useful. What else could we expect of a man with 
Amherst's impress upon him? Their most intimate appeal, 
perhaps, will be to the contemporary graduate, whose natural 
query is, "What has my chum or classmate or fraternity mate 
been doing?" But scarcely less, as our loyalty to Amherst 
broadens with the years, will the appeal be to all who have the 
honor and efficiency of Amherst at heart, and are glad to see the 
noble part that her alumni are playing in the literary and learned 
world. 

1886 

The Record of a City: A Social Survey of Lowell, Massachusetts. By George F. 
Kenngott (Class of 1886). New York: The Macmillan Company. 1912. 

Among English-speaking people England has taken the lead in intensive 
study of town life, picturing to the world the life of the struggling masses. The 
picture has not always been pleasing to contemplate. It showed, among other 



THE BOOK TABLE 335 

things, a depressing view of low wages, unemployment, overcrowding, unsanitary 
dwellings, poverty and degradation. This work has been done both by govern- 
ment commissions and by private investigators, and has been of great value. It 
has reduced to certainty what was before either unknown or only suspected, and 
served to arouse England to some of the tasks of betterment which Lloyd-George 
has undertaken. Among the private investigations the work of Charles Booth, 
"Life and Labor of the People of London," stands pre-eminent. The author gave 
twelve years to this work, which was published in eighteen volumes. It is a mine 
of wealth to all who would know London. We have nothing in this country to 
compare with it. "The Pittsburg Survey" is perhaps our most notable achieve- 
ment in this respect. 

Only second in interest to Mr. Booth's study is the work of B. Seebohm Rown- 
tree, "Poverty: A Study of Town Life," an account of the working people of 
York, England. Until recently nothing had appeared in America comparable 
to this work. The last few years, however, have witnessed the publication of a 
number of studies of city conditions, of which Mr. Kenngott's is the latest to ap- 
pear. For New York City we have two studies. Louise B. More's "Wage-earners' 
Budgets" is an able work dealing with the life of two hundred families in the neigh- 
borhood of Greenwich House, on the West Side. Another work is R. C. Chapin's 
"The Standard of Living among Workingmen's Families in New York City." 
Attention was given to families having an income of from $500 to $1,000. And 
the study is concentrated upon the budgets of 391 families in Greater New York, 
including over eight nationalities. 

Perhaps the most interesting aspect of these studies is the possibility they 
give of comparison of labor conditions in the old and in the new country. We have 
never had so good an opportunity before. Booth shows that over 30 per cent, 
of the people of London suffer from poverty. Chapin shows that a large percentage 
of those investigated by him are underfed, underclothed, and improperly housed. 
Is the showing better in smaller towns .^ The studies of Rowntree for the English 
town and of Kenngott for the American town give a fairly clear answer to this 
inquiry. York and Lowell are approximately equal as to population, Lowell 
having about 100,000, York about 75,000. Both are factory towns. But there is 
one striking difference. The population of York is homogeneous, while in Lowell 
the native-born Americans of native parents form but 20 per cent, of the whole. 
Over 40 per cent, is made up of non-English-speaking peoples. One might expect 
a more favorable exhibit for the English town in view of the well-known low stand- 
ards of the foreigners who enter our factories. The facts about York, however, 
are appalling. Of the wage-earning class 43.4 per cent, are living in poverty. 
To appreciate this statement, we must know Rowntree's standard of poverty. 
Briefly, it is a condition in which merely physical efficiency can scarcely be main- 
tained. Such a standard is shocking to us. Applying our own standards, we may 
well surmise that not more than 35 or 40 per cent, of the wage-earners in York 
are living in comfort. 

W'hat are the main facts as revealed by Mr. Kenngott.^ We need not be con- 
cerned with the account of the early history of Lowell, that astonishing period 
when the operatives were the chief supporters of lyceum lectures on philosophy 
and literature, when the "hands" published a magazine in which appeared original 



336 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

contributions of essays and poetry. The machine, immigration, and social evolu- 
tion have done away with all that. 

Mr. Kenngott attacks his problem under six topics: the housing of operatives, 
health, the standard of living, industrial conditions, social institutions and recre- 
ations of the people. The book is richly illustrated with photographs, plans, 
charts, and tables illuminating the treatment of all these topics. 

The presence of large numbers of foreigners and the individualism of landlords 
have made housing a difficult problem for Lowell. One does not like to quote 
a description of conditions as found; but the words "amazed" and "stunned" 
sufficiently describe the effect of discoveries upon the investigator. "It is seen 
that housing conditions in Lowell are of a complex nature because of the large 
foreign immigration. The change from the outdoor life to which these foreigners 
have been accustomed to the crowded conditions in the mills and the tenements 
makes the housing conditions in the city a serious problem." 

The author's historical study of health conditions is illuminating in its rela- 
tion to foreign immigration. The mortality by racial groups shows that the 
Irish and the French Canadian mortality rates are greatly in excess of those of 
the native and the English. An improvement is indeed noted for all groups since 
1900, but in the '80's and '90's, with the native rate near 19 per 1,000, the French 
Canadian approximated 35. A worse condition appears in regard to infant mor- 
tality. The death-rates for children from one to five years old in the '80's and 
'90's, were for natives about four, but for the French about nineteen. Even now 
it is 3 for the one and 14.5 for the other. Nothing could show more convinc- 
ingly the task that Lowell has on her hands. Mr. Kenngott says that each 
new alien race has brought a lower standard of living. Some headway toward 
easing these low standards has been made, but in one case the situation grows 
worse rather than better. This is the case of the Irish. They formed 32.31 per 
cent, of the population in 1905. A large preponderance of deaths from pulmonary 
and respiratory diseases has persisted among them. They are not specially sub- 
ject to this disease in their native land, and it is concluded that factory life, ac- 
companied by some dissipation, is the true explanation. 

An excellent chapter is devoted to the standard of living. As was done by 
both Rowntree and Chapin, the dietary standards of Professor W. O. Atwater 
were used. The family budgets of 287 typical workingmen's families were se- 
cured and analyzed. They offer most interesting pictures of the industrial, eco- 
nomic, and social life of the wage-earners of Lowell. The families reported have, 
on an average, 5.4 persons per family and 3.4 rooms, exclusive of the kitchen. 
The husband earns, on the average, $8.9(5 per week. The position of the un- 
skilled laborer is most discouraging, since, when he is the only wage-earner, he can 
rarely support a wife and two small children. To do this, he must have the as- 
sistance of wife and children. 

Some account is given of social institutions designed to alleviate and uplift, 
as also information about facilities for the recreation of the people. Lowell is 
fairly awake to her needs. Her efiForts are not to be despised. But her task is 
heavy. He who would understand the effect upon the struggling wage-earners 
of a highly developed factory life, together with a rapid influx of alien peoples, 
can find excellent material in this book. Dark as the picture is, it must be con- 



THE BOOK TABLE 337 

fessed that it is not as dark as Rowntree's picture of York. Why this is so is a 
complex question. We are still living in a measure upon our wonderful economic 
inheritance. Climate, race, and economic policy doubtless each contributes a share 
in the full explanation. Doubtless, however, England's economic and social 
troubles are not unconnected with the ebb and flow of industrial and commercial 
supremacy of nations, — a movement of the times which is not yet so acutely felt 
in America. But to open our eyes to conditions as they are is the indispensable 
first step toward devising a remedy; and to this end Mr. Kenngott's book is an 
able and thorough contribution. James Walter Crook. 

Brief Notices of Books Received. — Of the books that have 
accumulated on our table, our space in this number permits only- 
brief mention, not ahVays in proportion to our sense of their 
merit. Some are reserved for future fuller notice. They are 
arranged in the order of the classes to which their authors belong. 

1856 

William Hayes Ward, D.D., LL.D., editor of The Independent and veteran 
trustee of Amherst, has written "A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on 
Habakkuk" in the International Critical Commentary now in course of publica- 
tion by Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. The commentary is one section 
in the second of three volumes on the Minor Prophets, and two collaborators 
with him are represented in the same volume. Like the other commentaries in 
the series. Dr. Ward's work is devoted to the most thorough and reliable criticism 
and exegesis of the prophecy of Habakkuk, in accordance with the seasoned results 
of the Higher Criticism. The treatment is scholarly, temperate, and clear. 

1871 

From the press of Giim & Co., and published for the W^orld's Peace Founda- 
tion, comes a book by Raymond L. Bridgman entitled "The First Book of World 
Law." Its sub-title, "A Compilation of the International Conventions to which 
the Principal Nations are Signatory, with a Survey of their Significance," reveals 
its character as largely a collection of important documents, which it is of great 
service to have in this convenient form; but in itself it gives little impression of 
the author's enthusiasm for the great vision of World Organization, to which he 
has devoted much thought and study. This comes out through the chapters of 
introduction and survey. The book is a logical pendant to an earlier volume 
of his on "World Organization"; and in an article on "The World Person," in 
the Bibliotheca Sacra for .July, 1911, he enlarges on the central principle ,of the 
idea. 

1880 

From Frederick Jones Bliss, Ph.D., dean of Rochester University, conies a 
book published by Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, on "The Religions of 
Modern Syria and Palestine"; being the Bross Lectures for 1908. The book is 
reserved for review in a later number of the Quarterly. 



338 AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 

1883 

From Mr. Walter Taylor Field of Chicago we receive a book which deserves 
a more extended review than we can give it here. It is entitled "Fingerposts to 
Children's Reading," and is published by A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago. It 
is the sixth and enlarged edition of a book whose 6rst edition was published in 
1907. Ten well-written chapters, full of practical good sense, take up various 
phases of children's reading for the home, the school, and the Sunday-school; 
following through all the school grades from primary through the high school 
with reading suitable to each. Nor is the scope of the book confined to the ques- 
tions what to read and when. Chapters on such subjects as "The Influence of 
Books and the Illustrating of Children's Books," not omitting a chapter of hearty 
tribute to our immortal friend. Mother Goose, will indicate how comprehensive 
and readable the treatment is. And, as perhaps the most practically valuable 
feature of all, two lists of carefully graded books are given: one in Chapter III., 
a list of Books for Home Reading, extending to more than thirty pages; and the 
other in the Appendix, extending to one hundred and thirty pages, and giving 
classified lists of books suitable for children's libraries, school libraries, and Sunday- 
school libraries. It is hard to think of a more useful manual than this for "all 
who are concerned with the education of the child and who are interested in the 
enlargement and enrichment of his life." 

From the same author comes a little book, daintily printed and decorated, 
published by the Pilgrim Press, Boston, and sold for twenty-five cents, entitled 
"What is Success?" There are only thirty-one pages of text, and the print is 
large and attractive; but it is one of those sane and wholesome little essays by 
which some of our best publishers are quietly furnishing a refreshing and up- 
building offset to such stuff as the public reads in publications like The Philis- 
tine. To such latter-named things it supplies the antidote of graceful English 
against impudence and slang, refinement against coarseness, restful reflection 
against heedless hustle, and, above all, spiritual values against material, or, as 
we may say, life intrinsic as compared with making a living. The opening para- 
graph makes connection with the college-bred man. "I have just been reading," 

the author writes, " a report of my college class of . I spare you the date, but 

it is far enough distant to afford a considerable perspective, and near enough to 
be well within the memory of living men. Having spent with this book an even- 
ing of pleasant intercourse, I am sitting before the fireplace in my library, far 
into the night, seeing in the fading embers old scenes and faces and pondering on 
some of the lessons that the years have brought." We have the advantage of 
most readers, for the date of the class is supplied us; and we, too, are thinking 
with him of an Amherst class which contains two of our trustees, not to speak 
of a chief justice, a college president, and several eminent college and university 
professors. It is not to glorif j' these, however, that the author writes, or to furnish 
data by which we may identify any member of the class: his lessons are drawn 
rather from the hidden elements of success, which, when the award is made up, 
so many of "the last shall be first." A man with a sense of real values, such sense 
as the true use of a liberal education brings, will agree with the author's conclusion 
of his exposition, that, "if this does not bring success, it will bring something that 
is better, for it carries with it all that is best in life." 



THE BOOK TABLE 339 



1885 



From the far-distant State of Washington, Mr. Thompson C. ElHott, whose 
face comes up vividly to the present writer's memory as he sat in the class-room 
long ago, sends us two small publications which evince his keen and efficient interest 
in the history of his section of the country. Mr. Elliott is a member of the Ameri- 
can Historical Association and of the Oregon Historical Society, and these little 
books are reprints of addresses given before annual meetings of historical bodies 
with which he is connected. The first, given in 1909, is entitled "Peter Skene 
Ogden, Fur Trader," and gives all the data that can be gathered of "a man of 
unusual force and character who was intimately connected with many stirring 
events of the early history of Old Oregon and British Columbia; and a leader 
whose responsibilities were often great because he was the field officer chosen 
to execute the most difficult tasks and command the most perilous expeditions." 
The second, given in 1911 at Kettle Falls, Washington, is entitled "David Thomp- 
son, Pathfinder," and gives some account of the man "who discovered, explored, 
made known and opened this highway of communication," of which the author 
says: "The first line of direct communication, trade and travel across the continent 
of North America (Mexico excepted) passed up and down the Columbia River 
and for a period of thirty years and more was used as such." 

1897 

As a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Political 
Science, Columbia University, Austin Baxter Keep, A.M., has published (in 1908) 
a volume entitled "The Library in Colonial New York." It is an able and care- 
ful work of scholarly research, written in lucid style and beautifully printed by 
the De Vinne Press, New York. 



340 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



©ftinal nnh p^rannal 



THE TRUSTEES 



The spring meeting of the Board of 
Trustees of Amherst College was held 
on May 2 in Amherst, and as at the 
autumn meeting the Trustees enjoyed 
the abundant hospitality of the Faculty, 
and took luncheon with the Faculty 
in Hitchcock Hall. The Trustees pres- 
ent were Messrs. Plimpton, Harris, 
Walker, Whitcomb, Ward, Pratt, Kel- 
sey, James, Patton, Stearns, Rounds, 
Gillett, Williams, and Woods. Much 
of the business of the meeting was of 
a routine, though important, nature. 
The budget for the coming year was 
presented by the Committee on Finance 
through the Treasurer, and carefully 
considered. 

The Committee on Finance reported 
that a bequest of $1,000 had been re- 
ceived from the estate of Rev. John C. 
Kimball, Class of 1854, "the income of 
which is to go to any morally worthy 
poor student of moderate ability, who 
fails to get a prize or receive aid from 
any other source." Gifts were also 
reported of a portrait of the late Pro- 
fessor Garman from Rev. Ferdinand Q. 
Blanchard, Class of 1898; of the en- 
largement of its fimd by the Class of 
1861; of $1,000 as a Loan Fund from 
an alumnus who prefers that his name 
should not be mentioned; and of gifts 
from several alumni which have made 
possible the very successful visit of 
Professor Gilbert Murray. The most 
important gift announced to the Trus- 
tees at this time was that of Mrs. 
Charles Sprague-Sniith, of New York 



City, who has presented the library of 
Comparative Literature collected by her 
husband. Professor Charles Sprague- 
Smith, of Columbia, to the College. 
The library contains some three thou- 
sand volumes in French, German, 
Spanish, Italian, Danish, Swedish, 
Norwegian, Icelandic, and Latin, and is 
a collection of remarkable value in the 
field in which Professor Sprague- 
Smith labored with such distinction. 
Another gift to the library was the 
magnificent volumes of Curtis's "The 
North American Indian," received 
through the generosity of Mrs. D. Willis 
James. 

Dr. John Maurice Clark was reap- 
pointed associate professor in Eco- 
nomics; Messrs. Eugene H. Byrne and 
Charles E. Bennett were reappointed 
to their present positions; Mr. William 
R. Westhafer was promoted to the post 
of assistant professor of Physics; Mr. 
Charles H. Toll was promoted to the 
associate professorship of Psychology 
and Philosophy; Mr. Clifford B. Bal- 
lard was appointed as assistant in 
Geology; and Professor William J. 
Newlin was voted leave of absence for 
a year's study abroad. 

In regard to the material equipment 
of the College, the Trustees voted that 
porticos be erected on the north side 
of the Biological and Geological Labo- 
ratory in accordance with the plans 
of Messrs. McKim, Mead & White. It 
was decided that the Richardson House 
in Faculty Street should be removed. 



THE FACULTY 



341 



It was also voted that the College 
Commons be continued for another 
year. 

The Trustees highly approve of the 
publication of the results of Professor 
Loomis's expedition to Patagonia, and 
voted to purchase a considerable num- 
ber of copies for distribution by the 
College. 

The Trustees met again by adjourn- 
ment in New York City on May 17, 
eleven members of the Board being 
present. The topic of discussion was 
the election of a President of the Col- 
lege, a matter which has been imder con- 



sideration by the Board ever since the 
resignation of President Harris, and 
which has involved prolonged investi- 
gation and deliberation. As a result of 
the report made to this meeting and of 
consultations which have included every 
available member of the Board, the 
Trustees unanimously elected Dean 
Alexander Meiklejohn now of Brown 
University, the election to take effect 
at the close of the coming Commence- 
ment. A notice of the President- 
elect will be found elsewhere in the 

QlARTERLY. 

WiLLiSTOX Walker, 

Secretary, 



THE FACULTY 



The following letter was sent by the 
Faculty to President Harris : — 
Dear Pres-ideiit Harris: 

As the time approaches for us to 
sever our ofEcial relations with you, 
we, the Faculty of .\mherst College, 
desire to express to you our deep re- 
gret that an intercourse so long and 
so pleasant must be ended; our sin- 
cere appreciation of the wisdom, 
courtesy, and candor with which you 
have guided our counsels; our thankful 
acknowledgment of the remarkable 
harmony and prosperity of the College 
under your thirteen years' administra- 
tion; and our earnest hope that for 
many years to come the relation now 
ceasing officially may be perpetuated 
in personal friendship and esteem. 

For the Faculty, 

John F. Gexuxg. 
Edwin A. Grosvexor. 
George B. Churchill. 



To this President Harris replied in 
the following letter: — 
To Professors Geniing, Grosvenor, and 
Churchill: 

My dear Friends, — I cannot find 
words to thank the Faculty, as respon- 
sively as I should like to, for the very 
kind letter that you, the committee in 
their behalf, have written me. 

The Faculty, — that is a compre- 
hensive term for an academic entity. 
It is the individuals, the personal 
friends I think of, and so I think of 
every one. We have worked together 
in a good cause, and by the working 
have become, I am glad to believe, 
comrades. I cordially reciprocate the 
sentiment, which is the happy con- 
clusion of your letter, that the relations 
now ceasing officially may be per- 
petuated in personal friendship and 
esteem. Truly yours, 

George Harris. 



342 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



THE ALUMNI 



PROPOSAL FOR THE FORMA- 
TION OF AN ALUMNI COUN- 
CIL FOR AMHERST 

This is an age of combination, — of 
the grouping together of individual 
interests into a centralized body for 
the purpose of greater efficiency and 
more tangible results. Such combina- 
tion, long conspicuous in business life, 
has been gradually and steadily ex- 
tended to many other phases of human 
activity. Existing organizations, while 
still maintaining their individual iden- 
tity and performing their designated 
functions, have, nevertheless, found it 
desirable both for securing the good 
of the whole system and for furthering 
the interests of the individual organi- 
zations to unite into one central body. 

This movement to combine for mut- 
ual benefit and growth has now ex- 
tended to the colleges and universities. 
There is a gradual centralizing of vari- 
ous organizations and activities, so that 
each component body will act in uni- 
son and accord with the others, thereby 
not only promoting the greater effi- 
ciency of each, but strengthening and 
enlarging the general scope of the col- 
lege in question. The movement seems 
to have reached its greatest perfection 
in the present alumni councils of a 
number of colleges and universities, 
notably at Princeton, Union, and Wes- 
leyan; and we understand the idea 
has also been instituted in Bryn Mawr, 
Ohio Wesleyan, Massachusetts Insti- 
tute of Technology, and is under way 
in the University of Pennsylvania. The 
formation of such organizations in 
these institutions shows that there has 



been a spontaneous awakening to this 
centralizing movement; and that they 
are a step in the right direction is 
proved by the tangible results already 
accomplished by these councils in their 
respective colleges. 

Is there not a need for just such an 
organization of alumni for Amherst.' 
Inside the College, indeed, there are 
numerous organizations with well-de- 
fined and recognized functions; some 
of them ably federated, as is the case 
with the fraternities. When it comes 
to the alumni, however, aside from 
various associations in the leading 
cities, there is no concerted thought 
or action between the different sec- 
tions of the country, and no tangible 
means whereby their ideas and views 
on college questions may have such an 
outlet as to carry weight and produce 
definite action. The Amherst Grad- 
uates' Quarterly will undoubtedlj' 
do much as a medium for expressing 
and circulating the views of Amherst 
alumni on many questions concerning 
the good of the College; but it is our 
opinion that there is need of a prop- 
erly constituted body of graduates to 
act in conjunction with the various 
other organizations of the College for 
the betterment and advancement of 
Amherst interests in general. 

In this conviction the Amherst As- 
sociation of Philadelphia and vicinity 
brought this matter up at their annual 
meeting at Philadelphia in February 
last. The following committee was 
appointed to investigate the workings 
of the alumni councils at Princeton, 
Wesleyan, and other institutions with 
a view to establishing a similar organi- 



THE A L U M X I 



343 



zation for Amherst, and to devising the 
proper ways and means of securing the 
co-operation of the College and Board 
of Trustees to that end. 
Committee: — 

Rev. Charles E. Bronson, D.D., '80; 
Rev. Frank C. Putnam, "9(1; R. Stuart 
Smith, '9^2; Robert P. Esty, '97; Edwin 
S. Parry, '01. F. K. Kretschmar, Chair- 
man, '01. 

This committee has had a number of 
meetings, and decided that, in order to 
bring the whole question effectively 
to the attention of the College and 
alumni, our recommendations be pub- 
lished in the Graduates' Quarterly 
and the Amherst Student, and prop- 
erly brought before the Board of Trus- 
tees; also that copies be forwarded to 
the secretaries of the different alumni 
associations. All this with a view to 
bringing about defmite action in Am- 
herst at Commencement time, and, if 
the formation of such a council is 
deemed desirable, have a committee ap- 
pointed to devise a scheme during the 
summer months and be ready to re- 
port in the fall on the progress made. 

To give some idea of the scope of 
an alumni council, we quote the fol- 
lowing from the Constitution of the 
Alumni Council of Wesleyan Univer- 
sity:— 

The object of the Council is to ad- 
vance the interest, influence and effi- 
ciency of Wesleyan University; to 
strengthen the relations between the 
alumni and the University; to encour- 
age sufficient class organization; to 
keep the public informed in regard to 
the University; to keep before the 
various preparatory schools of the 
country the advantages of Wesleyan 
University as an educational institu- 
tion; to aid and assist in the establish- 
ment of alumni associations and pro- 
mote their interests; to keep in touch 
with undergraduate activities; to 
provide funds, as far as possible, for 



the maintenance and endowment of 
the University from its alumni and 
friends; to report from time to time 
to the Board of Trustees of the Uni- 
versity any facts and recommenda- 
tions by the Council deemed material 
or for the interests of the University; 
to act as a medium that may make 
known the ideas of the alumni to the 
l"niversity, and the wishes of the Uni- 
versity to the alumni; and to act in an 
advisory capacity through its secretary 
to such of the undergraduates as may 
desire to consult it in reference to their 
occupations after graduation, and for 
that purpose to keep in as close a touch 
as possible with the demands of the 
country's professional, business and in- 
dustrial needs. 

This is followed by other articles from 
the Constitution of the Wesleyan 
Council in regard to Membership, 
Officers, Place and Time of Meetings, 
Formation of Executive Committee, 
and the appointment of the following 
standing committees: a Committee 
on Finance, a Committee on Class 
Records and Organization, a Commit- 
tee on Publicity, a Committee on Pre- 
paratory Schools, a Committee on 
Alumni Associations, a Committee on 
Undergraduate Activities. Also such 
other committees as may from time to 
time be found necessary. The names 
of these various committees clearly 
indicate the duties incumbent upon 
each. 

We need not enlarge here on the 
various functions of these committees: 
they explain themselves. They are ad- 
duced here to show the scope of useful- 
ness and helpfulness open to a properly 
organized alumni council, with the hope 
that the subject will come up for dis- 
cussion and initial action at Commence- 
ment. We are aware that in such 
a movement preliminary questions — of 
feasibility, jurisdiction, and the like — 
must be considered. Conditions at 
Amherst may be different from those 



344 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



in other colleges, and we must fit our 
solution to our problem. But it is 
our conviction that there is need for 
more concerted and systematized action 
between the various alumni associa- 
tions, and in the alumni body as a 
whole; for a better knowledge of the 
activities of the College, both regular 
and extra; and for a more intimate 
share in whatever makes for welfare 
of the College in which our interests 
and affections are centred. 
Frederick Klemm Kretschmar, '01. 

THE LOCAL ASSOCIATIONS 

AMHERST ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK 

Charles H. Dayton, Secretary, 
90 West Street, New York City. 
The association's spring smoker was 
held at Healy's restaurant on April 26, 
and was very well attended. Mr. 
Irving S. Cobb of the Saturday Evening 
Post told a number of humorous stories 
and was repeatedly encored. Mr. H. C. 
Burnam of Providence, R.I., gave an 
entertaining exhibition of electrical 
experiments. 

ST. LOUIS association 

Edward T. Hall, Secretary. 
At_the last annual meeting of the 
association Luther Armstrong, '60, 



was elected president; Horace F. 
Holton, '02, vice-president; and Wil- 
bur B. Jones, '09, treasurer. 



CONNECTICUT VALLEY AS30CL\TI0X 

George R. Yerrall, Secretary, 

88 Maplewood Terrace, Springfield, 

Mass. 

The 24th annual dinner was held 
at the Draper, Northampton, on 
May 3, about fifty alumni being pres- 
ent. Henry H. Bos worth, '89, acted 
as toastmaster, and the speakers were 
President Harris, Professor Gilbert 
Murray, Professor Loomis, and Pro- 
fessor Carpenter. William F. \Miiting, 
'86, was elected president of the asso- 
ciation. 



WASHINGTON ASSOCIATION 

This association has offered a large 
ten-year trophy cup to the Western 
Washington High School Athletic As- 
sociation, to be competed for at the as- 
sociation's annual interscholastic track 
meet. A recent issue of the Seattle 
Post-Intelligencer publishes an account 
of the gift, with a large illustration of 
the cup. 



THE CLASSES 



345 



•THE CLASSES 



1862 

Rev. Alvah Mills Richardson died at 
Palmer March 16. He was born in 
Woburn, April 30, 1833, the son of 
Gilbert and Hannah Richardson. He 
was fitted for college at Phillips Acad- 
emy, Andover, and after graduating 
from Amherst served during the Civil 
War as a private in the 45th Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers. He prepared for 
the ministry at Andover Theological 
Seminary, and upon completion of his 
course in 1866 took a pastorate at 
Limebrook, Ipswich, Conn., which he 
held until 1870. He then became an 
agent for the American Tract Society. 
After a year with this society he took 
up farming in Winchester, Mass. 

1865 

Professor Henry M. Tyler has been 
elected president of the Board of Trus- 
tees of Williston Seminary. 

1866 

Herbert L. Bridgm.\x, Secretary, 
604 Carlton Avenue, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

Pliny Bartlett, for many years West- 
ern representative of the New York 
Commercial and Financial Chronicle, 
died on Friday, April 19, at his home 
in Chicago, from the effects of a para- 
lytic stroke. He is survived by a son, 
Draper Bartlett, 1903, and a widowed 
daughter who lives in England. 

Herbert L. Bridgman has recently 
been elected vice-president of the 
American Newspaper Publishers' Asso- 
ciation. 



1867 

William R. Mead has been elected a 
member of the Executive Council of 
the National Academy of Design, New 
York City. 

Professor John W. Burgess has this 
month resigned as dean of the non- 
professional graduate faculties of Co- 
lumbia University. The trustees of 
Columbia appointed him Professor 
Emeritus of Political Science and Con- 
stitutional Law, and adopted the fol- 
lowing minute with respect to his ser- 
vices : — 

In granting the application of Pro- 
fessor Burgess, the Trustees desire to 
record their high appreciation of the 
manifold and eminent services which 
he has rendered to Columbia University 
and to higher education. As Professor 
of Political Science at Amherst Col- 
lege from 1873 to 1876, and since 1876 
at Columbia, he has guided thousands 
of men, now in active life as lawyers, 
journalists, and teachers, to a correct 
understanding and a just appreciation 
of the spirit of American institutions. 

In his published writings he has made 
intelligible to the civilized world the full 
significance of the constitutional organ- 
ization and the judicial protection of 
liberty under the Government of the 
United States. First of American 
scholars in his field to insist upon the 
importance of the comparative method 
of study, he early drew to his side 
scholars like-minded with himself, and 
established at Columbia an efficient 
and productive department of public 
law and comparative jurisprudence. 

Professor Burgess was one of the 
very first to see the coming in America 
of true universities, and he gave to the 
movement for their establishment and 
organization both inspiration and direc- 
tion. To advanced studies and the 
training of investigators in every field 
of intellectual activity he gave the 



346 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



warmest encouragement. The scheme 
of university organization adopted at 
Columbia in 1890 followed in the main 
the lines which he had long before 
marked out and which he had tirelessly 
advocated. 

Finally, in the support which Profes- 
sor Burgess gave to the exchange of 
professors between American and Euro- 
pean universities, in the active part 
which he played in framing the per- 
manent plan of exchange between this 
country and Germany, and in the dis- 
tinction which he lent as first Roosevelt 
Professor to the new chair established 
at Berlin, he rendered conspicuous ser- 
vice to the republic of letters and helped 
to promote that better understanding 
between leaders of thought in different 
nations in which lies the strongest hope 
for the peaceful progress of the civil- 
ized world. 

ResoIvecK That the Trustees accept 
with regret and with deep gratitude for 
his long, generous, and distinguished 
service the resignation of John W. 
Burgess, Ph.D.. Jur.D., LL.D., as 
Ruggles Professor of Political Science 
and Constitutional Law and as Dean 
of the Faculties of Political Science, 
Philosophv, Pure Science, and Fine 
Arts, to take effect on June 30, 1912. 

1869 

Rev. Vincent Moses died at New- 
buryport, Mass., on March 28. He 
was born in French Creek, N.Y., in 
1844, and graduated from the Hartford 
Theological Seminary in 1870. He had 
held pastorates in Maine, New Hamp- 
shire, and Massachusetts. 



fitted for college at Conway and at 
Williston Seminary. He prepared for 
the ministry at Union Theological Semi- 
nary and jR'as ordained at Conway, 
May 7, 1873. On April 29, 1873, he 
married Mary E. K. Richardson of 
Brooklyn, X.Y. Immediately after his 
marriage he took up missionary work 
in Oodoopitty, Ceylon. He became 
president of Jaffna College, Jaffna, 
Ceylon, and held that office for twenty- 
three years. For the last eight years 
he has been president of the Atlanta 
Theological Seminary. 

1873 

On May 14 Talcott Williams spoke 
at the annual dinnei of the editorial 
board of the Cornell Sun, and on May 
15, as University Lecturer at Cornell 
University, he delivered an address 
upon "Journalism and Training." 

1875 

Frank A. Hosmer is president of the 
Hampshire County Taft League. 

1879 

Rev. Nehemiah Boynton preached 
at Cornell University on May 19. On 
the preceding evening he was a guest 
at a dinner of Amherst men in Ithaca. 
Among those present were Gill, '84, 
Willcox, '84, Fisher, '92, Hale, '06, 
Marsh, '08, and Ruckmich, '09. 



1870 

Rev. Samuel Whittlesey Howland, 
D.D., died at Atlanta, Ga., on April 6. 
He was born in Jaffna, Ceylon, March 
4, 1848, the son of Rev. William Ware 
and Susan Howland. His father, a 
member of the Class of '41, was a mis- 
sionary in Ceylon, under the American 
Board of Foreign Missions. Dr. How- 
land was one of eight children. He was 



1880 

Professor Frederick Jones Bliss is the 
author of "The Religions of Modern 
Syria and Palestine," pubUshed by 
Charles Scribner's Sons. 

1881 

Lawrence F. Abbott addressed the 
Christian Association of the College, on 
April 2C, upon "Reading and Politics." 



THE CLASSES 



347 



On May 29 the General Theological 
Seminary conferred the honorary de- 
gree of D.D. upon the Very Rev. 
Wilford L. Robbins. 

1882 

John P. Gushing, formerly principal 
of the New Haven High School, will 
this fall establish a country day school 
for boys, to be known as Hamden Hall, 
in a suburb of New Haven, Conn. 

1884 

The class has published, in accord- 
ance with its custom, a record of its 
latest reunion, the thirty-fourth, held 
at Springfield, Mass., on December 29, 
1911. The marking system discloses 
that William G. Atwater is the only 
member with an attendance record of 
100, having been present at every re- 
union of the class. 

Professor James H. Tufts of the 
University of Chicago read a paper 
before the Western Philosophical As- 
sociation on April 5, on "The New 
Individualism," and a paper before the 
Western Psychological Association on 
April 6, on "The Teaching of Ethics." 

1888 

The Political Science Quarterly for 
March contained an article on "The 
Levy Election Law of 1911 in New 
York" by Albert S. Bard, who has 
devoted much time to movements for 
political reform in New York City. 

John D. Wright is one of the editors 
of The Laryngoscope. He has recently 
prepared a "Syllabus on the Educa- 
tion of the Deaf," published by the 
Otological Section of the American 
Medical Association. His articles on 
"Teaching the Deaf by the Speech 
Method," published in the American 



Educational Rciicu; have been issued 
in pamphlet form. 

1889 

Professor F. J. E. Woodbridge has 
been appointed dean of the non-profes- 
sional graduate faculties of Columbia 
University, succeeding Professor John 
W. Burgess, '67. 

1890 

Edwin B. Child has recently painted 
a portrait of Professor Henry P. John- 
ston, to be presented to the College of 
the City of New York. 

Dr. George Ray Hare has removed 
his office to 60 West 53d Street, New 
Y^ork City. 

1893 

William C. Breed, Secretary, 
32 Liberty Street, New York City. 

Rev. F. W. Beekman has declined 
the call to the deanship of the Cathedral 
of St. Mary and St. John at Manila. 

Edwin L. Norton, formerly profes- 
sor of philosophy In the University of 
Illinois, Is now connected with the 
International Realty and Security Cor- 
poration at Minneapolis, Minn. 

The class dinner at New York on 
April 20 was attended by Abbott, Bald- 
win, Breed, Brooks, Buffum, Cole, 
Edgell, Gallinger, Kemmerer, Kennedy, 
McCurdy, C. D. Norton, Pratt, Ross, 
and St. John. George D. Pratt was 
elected president, and WiUiam G. Breed 
secretary and treasurer. 

The secretary has issued a class letter 
in preparation for the twentieth re- 
union in 1913. The committee in 
charge' will be Abbott, Breed, Brooks, 
Esty, Gallinger, Kemmerer, G. D. 
Norton, and Pratt. 



348 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



1894 

Henry E. Whitcomb, Secretary, 

Station A, Worcester, Mass. 

Rev. Edmund A. Burnham is the 
proprietor of a summer camp for boys 
at Highland Lake, Bridgton, Me. 

Carleton E. Clutia, assistant man- 
ager of the Western Department of the 
Providence Washington Insurance Co., 
has moved his office to 175 West Jack- 
son Boulevard, Chicago, 111. 

Dr. F. Albert Oakes has resumed 
practice, with offices at 26 Lincoln 
Street, Worcester, Mass. 

Charles C. Russell's company, the 
Wiley & Russell Company of Green- 
field, Mass., has been consolidated 
with the Wells Company into a new 
concern known as the Greenfield Tap 
and Die Company. 

Charles G. Smith and Miss Eliza- 
beth Howe Bush were married at 
Westfield, Mass., on June 12. 

Alfred E. Stearns was the principal 
speaker, this month, at the annual 
dinner of the St. Mark's School. 



1895 

William S. Tyler, Secretary, 
30 Church Street, New York City. 

Edwin J. Bishop for the past two 
years has been engaged in the practice 
of public accounting and auditing at 
St. Paul, Minn. He was formerly 
city comptroller of St. Paul. 

William J. Boardman has been 
elected a director of the George Batten 
Company, and is now in charge of 
their Boston office. 

Howard D. French is now pastor of 
the State Street Presbyterian Church 
at Jacksonville, 111. 

Dwight W. Morrow was a candidate, 
in the Republican primaries, for dele- 



gate from the sixth district of New 
Jersey to the National Convention. 
Being upon the Taft ticket, he failed 
to carry the primary. 

Augustus Post has been lecturing 
extensively during the past year upon 
aeronautics and aviation. 

A daughter, Eleanor Frothingham, 
was born to Mr. and Mrs. Herbert O. 
\\Tiite on February 29. 

1896 

Rev. Burt Leon Yorke has resigned 
his pastorate at West Medford, Mass., 
to take effect August 31. 

1898 

John E. Lind has opened a school 
for boys at Savannah, Ga. 

Rev. Burton E. Marsh of Omaha, 
Neb., has moved to New Hampton, 
la. 

1900 

Rev. Alden H. Clark is now a 
member of the Board of Aldermen of 
Ahmednagar, India. Among the mem- 
bers of the board are Hindus, Parsees, 
and Mohammedans. 



1901 

JoHX L. Vaxderbilt, Secretary, 
128 Broadway, New York City. 

A daughter was recently born to 
Mr. and Mrs. Maitland L. Bishop. 

Maurice L. Farreli, now managing 
editor of the Wall Street Journal, on 
May 9 testified before the sub-com- 
mittee of the United States Senate on 
the "Titanic" disaster, with especial 
reference to the source of the early 
news bulletins of the accident. 

A son was recently born to Mr. and 
Mrs. Charles L. Morse. 



THE CLASSES 



349 



1902 

Eldox B. Keith, Sccniary, 
36 South Street, Campcllo, Mass. 

Rev. Harold S. Brewster is now as- 
sistant rector of the Church of the Holy 
Trinity, New York City. His address 
is 6 Henderson Place. 

Rev. Frank L. Briggs has accepted 
a call to the Evangelical church at 
Indian Orchard, Mass. 

Rev. Ellery C. Clapp is now chap- 
lain of the Hampshire county jail. 

Howard W. Irwin is now in the 
service of the Bay State Street Rail- 
ways Company at Boston, as assist- 
ant superintendent of equipment. 

Rev. Andrew Magill has received a 
call to the Presbyterian church of 
Jamaica, N.Y. 

Frederick S. Nutting was appointed 
treasurer, last January, of the Man- 
chester Building and Loan Association, 
Manchester, N.H. 

Rev. Jason N. Pierce is the author 
of "The Masculine Power of Christ," 
recently published. 

William S. Piper has moved from 
Worcester, Mass., to Ellington, Conn. 

The April number of the 190:2 
Accelerator was well up to its usual 
high standard. The number contains 
an illustration of the Reunion Trophy 
and a picture of the Class Boy, Prentiss 
Carnell, Jr. The long hst of 1902 
children in the January number of the 
Accelerator is now supplemented by 
the names of twelve more offspring of 
the class. 

1904 

Karl O. Thompson, Secretary, 

819 Kalamazoo Avenue, Grand Rapids, 

Mich. 

A son, Ralph Curtiss, was born to 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Baker, of 
Columbus, Ohio, on April 1.3. 



A son was born to Rev. and Mrs. 
Karl O. Thompson on March 28. 

1905 

Sherman B. Joost is a member of the 
recently organized stock brokerage firm 
of Taylor, Auchincloss and Joost, with 
offices at 60 Broadway, New York City. 

1906 

Robert C. Powell, Secretary, 
20 Vesey Street, New York City. 

The engagement of Kingman Brew- 
ster and Miss Florence Foster Besse of 
Springfield, Mass., has been announced. 

Dr. Glenn A. Bulson is practising 
medicine at Jackson, Mich. 

A daughter, Martha, was born to 
Mr. and Mrs. Harry C. Crawford on 
April 2. 

Dr. Warren F. Draper is stationed 
at Los Angeles, Cal., in the United 
States Marine Hospital Service. 

Dr. George H. Fox has opened an 
office at Binghamton, N.Y. 

Dr. William Hale, Jr., is on the staff 
of the Faxton Hospital, Utica, N.Y. 

Harper's Magazine for June contains 
a poem by George Harris, Jr., entitled 
"Life is an Echo." 

Clifford B. Lewis is manager for the 
National Life Insurance Company at 
Spokane, Wash. 

Edson A. McRae died at his home 
in Mansfield, Mass., on May 2, his 
twenty-ninth birthday, following an 
operation for a serious throat infec- 
tion. Few of his friends knew of his 
illness, and the news of his death was 
a great shock. As an undergraduate, 
McRae was prominent both in the 
social and athletic activities of the 
college, having been a member of 
Scarab, chairman of the Junior and 
Senior Prom. Committees, and as 



350 



AMHERST graduates' QUARTERLY 



'varsity pitcher on the ball team had 
victories to his credit over nearly all 
the larger college teams. He had in 
recent years been in business with the 
Mansfield Furnace Coal and Grain 
Company. He leaves a wife (who 
was Miss Margery B. Lowney) and 
an infant son, born in December last. 
The funeral was at Mansfield the 
following Sunday, and was attended 
by a large number of Amherst men, 
including several from his class. 

George W. Porter is associated with 
his father in managing the Silver Hill 
Farm at Agawam, Mass. 

Dr. Charles A. Sparrow is on the 
staff of the Union Hospital, Fall 
River, Mass. 

Dr. Henry E. Utter is on the staff 
of the Rhode Island Hospital, Provi- 
dence, R.I. 

Dr. Royal C. van Etten is on the staff 
of Roosevelt Hospital, New York City. 
Dr. Mark H. Ward is on the staff of 
the New York Hospital, New York City. 
George A. Wood is now at 1010 
Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pa. He 
is engaged in research work in Ameri- 
can history. 

1907 

Harry Teachout Beach, at one time 
a star member of the Amherst College 
baseball team and third baseman on 
the Baltimore team of the Eastern 
League, died Friday, April 5, of diabetes 
at the home of Mr. and Mrs. F. W. 
Whitcomb of Burlington, Vt., after an 
illness of several months. While in 
the Burlington High School, he was a 
member of the football, baseball, and 
basket-ball teams. After leaving Am- 
herst, he started on a promising career 
as third baseman with the Baltimore 
team. At the end of one season he 
left baseball to go into business in 
Minneapolis, Minn. 



Harold R. Crook was married on 
January 16 to Miss Anna Bacon of 
Louisville, Ky. Their residence is at 
1936 Belmont Avenue, Chicago. 

Rev. John J. McClelland has ac- 
cepted a call to a pastorate at New 
Bedford, Mass. 

1908 

Harry W. Zinsmaster, Secretary, 

Des Moines, la. 

Frank A. Burt and Miss Lila Root 
Shaw of Boston were married at 
Brookline on April 9. 

George C. Elsey, second lieutenant 
11th United States Infantry, stationed 
at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., leaves for 
Honolulu with his regiment this summer. 

Charles H. Keyes was lately ap- 
pointed head master of mathematics 
and assistant principal in New Britain 
High School, New Britain, Conn. 

John E. Marshall was married to 
Miss Ruth Flynt, sister of Robert 
Flynt, '08, on Saturday, May 8, at 
Monson, Mass. At home, 961 St. 
Nicholas Avenue, New York City. 

Charles E. Merrill was married on 
April 8 to Miss Eliza Church of New 
York City. 

George Palmer is now located in 
Denver, Colo. 

Ned Powley is now located perma- 
nently in San Francisco with the Pa- 
cific Tel. & Tel. Company. He has 
charge of all California rates. 

Stanley Wolff and Miss Helen Hen- 
derson were married in New Y'ork City, 
Dec. 28, 1911. 

1909 

Edward H. Sudbury, Secretary, 

239 Broadway, New Y'ork City. 

Henry B. Allen is an inspector of iron 
and steel in the United States customs 
service at New York City. 



THE CLASSES 



351 



Walter E. Barnard is a student at 
Lcland Stanford University, Palo Alto, 
Cal. 

J. Silney Bernard is now at Rocky 
Ford, Cal. 

Edward J. Bolt is with the Goff 
Lumber Company at Fullerton, La, 

Raymond J. Burby is a teacher in 
the Springfield (Mass.) Technical High 
School. 

The engagement of Edwards L. 
Cleaveland and Miss Lida Wells of 
Brooklyn, X.Y., has been announced. 

The address of H. Grinnell Disbrow 
is now The Fairwoods, Madison, N.J. 

A son, Robert, Jr., was born to Mr. 
and Mrs. Robert D. Eaglesfield in 
March, 1912. 

Clarence F. Edmunds of Oxnard, 
Cal., is at present at Los Mochis, 
Sinaloa, Mexico, with the United 
Sugar Companies. His engagement to 
Miss Myrtle Mclntyre of Ventura, 
Cal., has been announced. 

A daughter has been born to Mr. 
and Mrs. Richard B. Fisher of Glouces- 
ter, Mass. 

Elliott O. Foster was this month 
ordained at Columbia, Conn., where he 
will begin his pastorate. His engage- 
ment to Miss Elizabeth M. Ames has 
been announced. The wedding will 
take place this month. 

Clayton W. Guptil is now at Cristo- 
bal, Canal Zone, Panama. 

A daughter was born to Mr. and Mrs. 
Herman Harvey on February 25. 

Wilbur B. Jones is practising law with 
the firm of Ferris, Zimbalen & Ferriss, 
820 Rialto Building, St. Louis, Mo." 

Philip King of the Andover Theo- 
logical Seminary will enter the min- 
istry this summer. 

Roscoe G. Knight is with the Worces- 
ter Pressed Steel Company, Worcester, 
Mass. 



Raymond D. Leadbetter is now a 
mining engineer at Bisbee, Ariz. 

The address of Edward D. Leonard 
is 72 Pinckney Street, Boston, Mass. 

The engagement of William J. 
Parmelee and Miss Jessie Mae Brooks 
of Philadelphia, Pa., has been an- 
nounced. 

George E. Pierce is now studying 
law at Boston University. 

Albert Otto Tritsch was ordained 
to the ministry early this month at 
the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, 
New York. 

Arthur H. Van Auken, formerly 
with the Western Electric Company at 
Chicago, has been transferred to the 
company's Buffalo office. 

The April number of the '09 Whiffen- 
poof has appeared, and is one of the 
most entertaining items on our exchange 
list. 

1910 

Cl.^rence Francis, Secretary, 

Care Corn Products Refining Co., 

17 Battery Place, New York City. 

Robert B. Ailing is assistant cashier 
of the Stock Growers' State Bank of 
Buffalo, Wyo. 

Charles W. Barton, of Oak Park, 
111., is with the Crafts and Reed Com- 
pany, 421 North Western Avenue, 
Chicago. 

Clarence Birdseye of the Bureau of 
Plant Industry, United States De- 
partment of Agriculture, is now con- 
ducting entomological researches in 
Montana and Wyoming. The gov- 
ernment has recently published two 
monographs by Birdseye on destruc- 
tive rodents. 

Walter D. Draper is in the Western 
office of the Nonotuck Silk Company, 
367 West Adams Street, Chicago, 111. 

Clarence Francis is now residing at 
Hampton Hall, Cranford, N.J. 



352 



AMHERST GRADUATES QUARTERLY 



E. Preble Harris is with the Payson 
Manufacturing Company, 2918 West 
Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, 111. 

Stewart S. Johnston is with the 
Macomber and Whyte Rope Company, 
507 South Clinton Street, Chicago, III. 

Adolf H. Koebig was married last 
December. He is engaged in en- 
gineering at Los Angeles, Cal., living 
at 2118 Hobart Boulevard. 

Daniel C. McMartin is now living 
on his farm at Beaman, la. 

Abe Mitchell has recently been made 
secretary and treasurer of the Mitchell 
and Dillon Coal Company, 203 South 
Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111. 

On January 16 a second son was 
born to Mr. and Mrs. Henry J. Nunne- 
macher of Milwaukee, Wis. 

Sterling W. Pratt is now with the 
National Biscuit Company at Spring- 
field, 111. He is living at the Spring- 
field Young Men's Christian Associa- 
tion.^ 

Benedict H. Sampson is in the West- 
ern office of the Nonotuck Silk Com- 
pany, 367 West Adams Street, Chi- 
cago, 111. 

Francis O. Sullivan is in the Chicago 
office of the National Biscuit Company, 
and is living at 212 South Home 
Avenue, Oak Park, 111. 



1911 

Dexter Wheelock, Secretary, 
75a Willow Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. 

The engagement of Roger Keith and 
Miss Carolyn B. Hastings of Brock- 
ton, Mass., has been announced. 

Donald Parsons-Smith is now on a 
wheat farm, one hundred and eighty 
miles north of Calgary, Alberta. 

E. Marion Roberts has been re- 
appointed Hitchcock Fellow at the 
College for the coming year. He will 
also serve as assistant coach of the 
football team. 

Frederick W. H. Stott, formerly 
with the McBride Publishing Com- 
pany, New York City, will begin work 
in September as instructor in public 
speaking at Phillips Academy, An- 
dover, Mass. 

Lewis B. Walker is in the Marlboro 
office of the United Shoe Company. 

Joseph T. West is head of the claim 
department of the Western Electric 
Company at Chicago, and lives at 
327 Marion Street, Oak Park, 111. 

George R. Yerrall, Jr., is engaged 
in the real estate and insurance business 
as a member of the firm of Yerrall 
& Warriner, 374 Main Street, Spring- 
field, Mass. 



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